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Other reserves and retained earnings (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Nov. 01, 2024
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Beginning balance $ 8,328      
Employee share options: value of services [1] (57) $ (95) $ (100)  
Ending balance 5,114 8,328    
Parent and subsidiaries' currency translation and exchange adjustments 4 69    
Opening balance 56,341 52,741 57,096  
Equity accounted units' profit after tax for the year 838 675 777  
Tax relating to components of other comprehensive income (32) 153 (102)  
Dividends paid (7,553) (6,928) (12,137)  
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto (380) 0 (3,206)  
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests 1,574 127 86  
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges taken to the income statement 150 142 119  
Closing balance 57,965 56,341 52,741  
Other reserve, share premium 5,114 8,328    
Loss on disposal 105      
Changes in financial assumption gains $ 201 $ (407) 3,410  
New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limited        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Group interest (%) 80.00% 79.36%    
New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limited        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Percentage of voting equity interests acquired       20.64%
Investment in equity accounted units        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Changes in financial assumption gains $ (6) $ 3 5  
Capital redemption reserve        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Capital redemption reserve 51 51 51  
Cash flow hedge reserve        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Beginning balance (59) (51) (11)  
Cash flow hedge gains/(losses) 13 30 (167)  
Cash flow hedge losses/(gains) transferred to the income statement 17 (39) 106  
Tax on the above (10) 1 21  
Ending balance (39) (59) (51)  
Fair value through other comprehensive income reserve        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Beginning balance (22) 2 2  
(Losses) on equity investments 0 (24) 0  
Ending balance (22) (22) 2  
Cost of hedging reserve        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Beginning balance (12) (17) (21)  
Cost of hedging deferred to reserves during the year 3 4 4  
Transfer of cost of hedging to the income statement 1 1 0  
Ending balance (8) (12) (17)  
Other reserves        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Beginning balance 11,542 11,554 11,582  
Own shares purchased from Rio Tinto Limited shareholders to satisfy share awards (44) (78) (84)  
Employee share options: value of services 76 62 56  
Deferred tax on share options (4) 4 0  
Ending balance 11,570 11,542 11,554  
Other reserve, share premium 11,570 11,542 11,554  
Foreign currency translation reserve        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Beginning balance 8,328 7,755    
Ending balance 5,114 8,328 7,755  
Beginning balance (3,172) (3,784) (1,627)  
Parent and subsidiaries' currency translation and exchange adjustments (3,194) 598 (2,235)  
Equity accounted units currency translation adjustments (45) 14 (27)  
Currency translation reclassified on disposal(d) (27) 0 105  
Ending balance (6,438) (3,172) (3,784)  
Other reserve, share premium 5,114 8,328 7,755  
Retained earnings        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Employee share options: value of services [1] (13) (17) (16)  
Opening balance 38,350 35,020 33,857  
Parent and subsidiaries' profit for the year 10,697 9,385 11,817  
Equity accounted units' profit after tax for the year 855 673 575  
Remeasurement gains/(losses) on pension and post-retirement healthcare plans 88 (459) 568  
Tax relating to components of other comprehensive income (23) 151 (118)  
Total comprehensive income for the year 11,617 9,750 12,842  
Dividends paid (7,025) (6,466) (11,716)  
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto (468) (13) 701  
Own shares purchased/treasury shares reissued for share awards and other movements (13) (17) (16)  
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests 0 0 (711)  
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges taken to the income statement 78 76 63  
Closing balance 42,539 38,350 35,020  
Retained earnings | Opening balance as previously reported        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Opening balance 38,350 35,020 33,857  
Closing balance   $ 38,350 $ 35,020  
Merger reserve        
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items]        
Ending balance 11,936      
Other reserve, share premium $ 11,936      
[1] Net of contributions received from employees for share awards.