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Financial performance by segment - Summary of performance of operating segments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue $ 53,658 $ 54,041 $ 55,554
Underlying EBITDA 23,314 23,892 26,272
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment 30 9 0
Consolidated sales revenue/Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets [1] $ 9,621 7,086 6,750
Percentage of capital expenditure 100.00%    
Exploration and evaluation expenditures $ 935 1,384 897
Simandou Iron Ore Project      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 0 0 0
Underlying EBITDA (22) (539) (189)
Capital expenditure 1,832 266 0
Consolidated sales revenue/Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 1,831    
Total for all subsidiaries      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Share of sales revenue of equity accounted units $ 213 20 50
All Entities, Excluding Simandou      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Exploration and evaluation expenditures   855  
Iron Ore      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Exploration and evaluation charge, percent 14.00%    
Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Exploration and evaluation charge, percent 2.00%    
Copper - Rio Tinto Kennecott      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Exploration and evaluation charge, percent 36.00%    
Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Exploration and evaluation charge, percent 23.00%    
Other operations      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue $ 120 142 192
Underlying EBITDA 43 (95) (17)
Capital expenditure $ 66 57 53
Exploration and evaluation charge, percent 25.00%    
Share of equity accounted units      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Shares of equity accounted units $ (4,048) (3,016) (2,850)
Central pension costs, share-based payments, insurance and derivatives      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Underlying EBITDA 153 168 377
Restructuring, project and one-off costs      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Underlying EBITDA (254) (190) (173)
Central costs      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Underlying EBITDA (816) (990) (766)
Central exploration and evaluation expenditures      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Underlying EBITDA (238) (100) (253)
Other items      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Capital expenditure 134 113 79
Gross product sales      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Share of sales revenue of equity accounted units 4,261 3,036 2,900
Operating segments | Reportable segments total      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 57,795 57,146 58,468
Underlying EBITDA 24,439 25,630 27,269
Capital expenditure 7,559 6,641 6,618
Operating segments | Iron Ore      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 29,339 32,249 30,906
Underlying EBITDA 16,249 19,974 18,612
Capital expenditure 3,012 2,588 2,940
Operating segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 13,650 12,285 14,109
Underlying EBITDA 3,673 2,282 3,672
Capital expenditure 1,694 1,331 1,377
Operating segments | Copper - Rio Tinto Kennecott      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 9,275 6,678 6,699
Underlying EBITDA 3,437 1,960 2,566
Capital expenditure 2,055 1,976 1,622
Operating segments | Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 5,531 5,934 6,754
Underlying EBITDA 1,080 1,414 2,419
Capital expenditure 798 746 679
Inter-segment transactions      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue (209) (231) (256)
Underlying EBITDA $ 9 $ 8 $ 24
[1] In 2024, our net cash outflow in relation to the Simandou iron ore project was US$1.3 billion. This includes cash outflows of US$1,831 million for purchase of property, plant and equipment,
US$313 million as acquisition of associates for WCS Rail and Port, and US$652 million as net funding of equity accounted units for the subsequent funding of that shared infrastructure. We
received related cash inflows of US$1,505 million from Chalco Iron Ore Holdings Ltd (CIOH) for cash calls by SimFerJersey Limited, of which US$411 million relates to CIOH’s share of
expenditure incurred up until the end of December 2023 to progress critical works.