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Risk and sensitivity analysis - Sensitivity to key market risks (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Risk and sensitivity analysis      
Profit (loss) for the year after tax $ 2,415 $ 1,712 $ (997)
Shareholders' equity 17,492 17,823  
Including JVs and associates      
Risk and sensitivity analysis      
Contractual service margin 21,960 21,012  
Foreign exchange risk      
Risk and sensitivity analysis      
Exchange movements arising during the year $ (309) $ (124)  
Changes of foreign exchange rates recorded as part of other comprehensive income, percentage of opening equity 2.00% 1.00%  
Reasonably possible increase in assumption (as a percent) 5.00% 5.00%  
Reasonably possible decrease in assumption (as a percent) 5.00% 5.00%  
Increase (decrease) to shareholders' equity:      
Net effect on shareholders' equity from decrease in assumption $ 624 $ 595  
Net effect on shareholders' equity from increase in assumption (565) (538)  
Increase (decrease) to profit after tax:      
Net effect on profit after tax from decrease in assumption 102 72  
Net effect on profit after tax from increase in assumption $ (92) $ (65)  
Interest rate risk      
Risk and sensitivity analysis      
Reasonably possible increase in assumption (as a percent) 1.00% 1.00%  
Reasonably possible decrease in assumption (as a percent) 0.50% 0.50%  
Floor for movements in interest rates in sensitivity analysis 0.00% 0.00%  
Increase (decrease) to shareholders' equity:      
Net effect on financial assets from decrease in assumption $ 7,690 $ 6,815  
Net effect on financial assets from increase in assumption (13,462) (12,004)  
Net effect on net insurance contract liabilities (including CSM) from decrease in assumption (7,324) (7,332)  
Net effect on net insurance contract liabilities (including CSM) from increase in assumption 12,474 12,191  
Net effect on shareholders' equity from decrease in assumption 348 (328)  
Net effect on shareholders' equity from increase in assumption (878) 24  
Increase (decrease) to profit after tax:      
Net effect on profit after tax from decrease in assumption 380 (328)  
Net effect on profit after tax from increase in assumption (940) 24  
Net effect on CSM from decrease in assumption 395 358  
Net effect on CSM from increase in assumption (975) (880)  
Net effect on pre-tax adjusted operating profit from decrease in assumption (48) (30)  
Net effect on pre-tax adjusted operating profit from increase in assumption $ 21 $ 33  
Equity/property market      
Risk and sensitivity analysis      
Reasonably possible increase in assumption (as a percent) 10.00% 10.00%  
Reasonably possible decrease in assumption (as a percent) 20.00% 20.00%  
Increase (decrease) to shareholders' equity:      
Net effect on financial assets from decrease in assumption $ (14,133) $ (13,359)  
Net effect on financial assets from increase in assumption 7,075 6,681  
Net effect on net insurance contract liabilities (including CSM) from decrease in assumption 13,132 12,288  
Net effect on net insurance contract liabilities (including CSM) from increase in assumption (6,628) (6,254)  
Net effect on shareholders' equity from decrease in assumption (689) (822)  
Net effect on shareholders' equity from increase in assumption 302 327  
Increase (decrease) to profit after tax:      
Net effect on profit after tax from decrease in assumption (738) (822)  
Net effect on profit after tax from increase in assumption 325 327  
Net effect on CSM from decrease in assumption (1,479) (1,392)  
Net effect on CSM from increase in assumption 651 618  
Net effect on pre-tax adjusted operating profit from decrease in assumption (201) (186)  
Net effect on pre-tax adjusted operating profit from increase in assumption $ 85 $ 83