4. The impact of climate change on our audit
In planning our audit we have considered the potential impacts
of climate change on the Company’s financial statements.
We have performed a risk assessment of how the impact of
climate change may affect the financial statements and our audit.
Level 1 listed investments make up 98.6% of the Group’s total
assets, for which fair value is determined as the quoted market
price. Therefore there was no significant impact of this on our
key audit matter.
We have read the disclosure of climate related narrative in the
front half of the financial statements and considered consistency
with the financial statements and our audit knowledge.
5. Going concern
The Directors have prepared the financial statements on the
going concern basis as they do not intend to liquidate the
Company or to cease its operations, and as they have concluded
that the Company’s financial position means that this is realistic.
They have also concluded that there are no material
uncertainties that could have cast significant doubt over its
ability to continue as a going concern for at least a year from the
date of approval of the financial statements (“the going concern
period”).
We used our knowledge of the Company, its industry, and the
general economic environment to identify the inherent risks to
its business model and analysed how those risks might affect the
Company’s financial resources or ability to continue operations
over the going concern period. The risks that we considered most
likely to adversely affect the Company’s available financial
resources and metrics relevant to debt covenants over this
period were:
— the impact of a significant reduction in the valuation of
investments;
— the liquidity of the investment portfolio and its ability to
meet the liabilities of the Company as and when they fall
due; and
— the operational resilience of key service organisations.
We considered whether these risks could plausibly affect the
liquidity or covenant compliance in the going concern period by
assessing the degree of downside assumption that, individually
and collectively, could result in a liquidity issue, taking into
account the Company’s liquid investment position (a reverse
stress test).
We considered whether the going concern disclosure in note 1 to
the financial statements gives a full and accurate description of
the Directors’ assessment of going concern, including the
identified risks and related sensitivities.
Our conclusions based on this work:
— We consider that the Directors’ use of the going concern
basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial
statements is appropriate;
— We have not identified, and concur with the Directors’
assessment that there is not, a material uncertainty related
to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may
cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue
as a going concern for the going concern period;
5. Going concern (continued)
— We have nothing material to add or draw attention to in relation to
the Directors’ statement in note 1 to the financial statements on
the use of the going concern basis of accounting with no material
uncertainties that may cast significant doubt over the Company’s
use of that basis for the going concern period, and we found the
going concern disclosure in note 1 to be acceptable; and
— The related statement under the Listing Rules set out on page 31 is
materially consistent with the financial statements and our audit
knowledge.
However, as we cannot predict all future events or conditions
and as subsequent events may result in outcomes that are
inconsistent with judgements that were reasonable at the time
they were made, the above conclusions are not a guarantee that
the Company will continue in operation.
6 Fraud and breaches of laws and regulations – ability to
detect
Identifying and responding to risks of material misstatement
due to fraud
To identify risks of material misstatement due to fraud (“fraud
risks”) we assessed events or conditions that could indicate an
incentive or pressure to commit fraud or provide an opportunity
to commit fraud. Our risk assessment procedures included:
— enquiring of Directors as to the Company’s high-level
policies and procedures to prevent and detect fraud, as well
as whether they have knowledge of any actual, suspected or
alleged fraud;
— assessing the segregation of duties in place between the
Directors, the Administrator and the Company’s Investment
Manager; and
— reading Board and Audit Committee minutes.
We communicated identified fraud risks throughout the audit
team and remained alert to any indications of fraud throughout
the audit.
As required by auditing standards, we perform procedures to
address the risk of management override of controls, in particular
to the risk that management may be in a position to make
inappropriate accounting entries. We evaluated the design and
implementation of the controls over journal entries and other
adjustments and made inquiries of the Administrator about
inappropriate or unusual activity relating to the processing of
journal entries and other adjustments.
We substantively tested all material post-closing entries and,
based on the results of our risk assessment procedures and
understanding of the process, including the segregation of duties
between the Directors and the Administrator, no further high-risk
journal entries or other adjustments were identified.
On this audit we do not believe there is a fraud risk related to
revenue recognition because the revenue is non-judgemental
and straightforward, with limited opportunity for manipulation.
We did not identify any additional fraud risks.
Identifying and responding to risks of material misstatement
related to compliance with laws and regulations
We identified areas of laws and regulations that could reasonably
be expected to have a material effect on the financial statements
from our general commercial and sector experience and through
discussion with the Directors, the Investment Manager and the
Administrator (as required by auditing standards) and discussed
with the Directors the policies and procedures regarding
compliance with laws and regulations. As the Company is
regulated, our assessment of risks involved gaining an
understanding of the control environment including the entity’s
procedures for complying with regulatory requirements.