
33
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT > CONTINUED
are free from material misstatement, whether due
to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high
level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will
always detect a material misstatement when it exists.
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error
and are considered material if, individually or in
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to
influence the economic decisions of users taken
on the basis of these financial statements.
A further description of our responsibilities for the
financial statements is located on the FRC’s website
at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This
description forms part of our auditor’s report.
Extent to which the audit was considered
capable of detecting irregularities,
including fraud
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of
non-compliance with laws and regulations. We
design procedures in line with our responsibilities,
outlined above, to detect material misstatements
in respect of irregularities, including fraud.
These audit procedures were designed to
provide reasonable assurance that the financial
statements were free from fraud or error. The risk
of not detecting a material misstatement due to
fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one
resulting from error and detecting irregularities
that result from fraud is inherently more difficult
than detecting those that result from error, as fraud
may involve collusion, deliberate concealment,
forgery or intentional misrepresentations. Also,
the further removed non-compliance with laws
and regulations is from events and transactions
reflected in the financial statements, the
less likely we would become aware of it.
Identifying and assessing potential risks arising
from irregularities, including fraud
The extent of the procedures undertaken
to identify and assess the risks of material
misstatement in respect of irregularities,
including fraud, included the following:
• We considered the nature of the industry
and sector, the control environment, business
performance including remuneration policies
and the Company’s own risk assessment that
irregularities might occur as a result of fraud or
error. From our sector experience and through
discussion with the directors, we obtained
an understanding of the legal and regulatory
frameworks applicable to the Company focusing
on laws and regulations that could reasonably
be expected to have a direct material effect on
the financial statements, such as provisions of
the Companies Act 2006, the FCA listing and
DTR rules, the principles of the UK Corporate
Governance Code applied through adherence
to the AIC Code of Corporate Governance (the
"AIC Code"), industry practice represented by the
Statement of Recommended Practice: Financial
Statements of Investment Trust Companies and
Venture Capital Trusts (“the SORP”) and updated
in July 2022 with consequential amendments,
the Company's qualification as a Venture Capital
Trust under section 274 of the Income Tax Act
2007 and the applicable financial reporting
framework. We also considered the Company’s
qualification as VCT under UK tax legislation.
• We enquired with the directors and
management concerning the Company’s
policies and procedures relating to:
– Identifying, evaluating and complying with the
laws and regulations and whether they were
aware of any instances of non-compliance;
– Detecting and responding to the risks of
fraud and whether they had any knowledge
of actual or suspected fraud; and
– The internal controls established to mitigate risks
related to fraud or non-compliance with laws
and regulations.
• We assessed the susceptibility of the Company’s
financial statements to material misstatement,
including fraud and considered the fraud risk
areas to the valuation of unquoted investments
and management override of controls.
Audit response to risks identified
In respect of the above procedures:
• We corroborated the results of our enquiries
through our review of the minutes of the
Company’s Board;
• Audit procedures performed by the
engagement team in connection with
the risks identified included:
– Reviewing financial statement disclosures
and testing to supporting documentation
to assess compliance with applicable laws
and regulations expected to have a direct
impact on the financial statements;