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Segmental analysis
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Disclosure of operating segments [abstract]  
Segmental analysis
7. Segmental analysis
Substantially all of the Group's revenue is from contracts with customers. Reported contributions by reportable segments were as follows:
Six Months Ended 30 June 2023
Six Months Ended 30 June 2022
£m£m
Revenue1,2
Global Integrated Agencies6,107.0 5,698.8 
Public Relations618.0 574.6 
Specialist Agencies496.2 481.9 
7,221.2 6,755.3 
Revenue less pass-through costs1,3
Global Integrated Agencies4,781.6 4,536.0 
Public Relations584.4 547.6 
Specialist Agencies445.2 425.9 
Headline operating profit1,4
Global Integrated Agencies540.5 507.0 
Public Relations87.5 83.5 
Specialist Agencies38.3 48.6 
666.3 639.1 
Notes
1Prior year figures have been re-presented to reflect the reallocation of a number of businesses between Global Integrated Agencies and Public Relations.
2Intersegment sales have not been separately disclosed as they are not material.
3Revenue less pass-through costs is revenue less media, and other pass-through costs. Pass-through costs comprise fees paid to external suppliers where they are engaged to perform part or all of a specific project and are charged directly to clients, predominantly media costs. See note 4 for more details of the pass-through costs.
4A reconciliation from reported profit before taxation to headline operating profit is provided in note 20.
7. Segmental analysis (continued)
Reported contributions by geographical area were as follows:
Six Months Ended 30 June 2023
Six Months Ended 30 June 2022
£m£m
Revenue1
North America2
2,744.0 2,586.5 
United Kingdom1,064.6 956.1 
Western Continental Europe1,477.1 1,352.0 
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East and Central & Eastern Europe1,935.5 1,860.7 
7,221.2 6,755.3 
Revenue less pass-through costs3
North America2
2,284.6 2,188.9 
United Kingdom796.2 737.0 
Western Continental Europe1,178.7 1,086.1 
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East and Central & Eastern Europe1,551.7 1,497.5 
Headline operating profit4
North America2
287.1 299.7 
United Kingdom97.8 67.3 
Western Continental Europe111.1 98.7 
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East and Central & Eastern Europe170.3 173.4 
666.3 639.1 
Notes
1Intersegment sales have not been separately disclosed as they are not material.
2North America includes the United States with revenue of £2,578.7 million (2022: £2,440.9 million), revenue less pass-through costs of £2,144.2 million (2022: £2,052.1 million) and headline operating profit of £268.1 million (2022: £280.9 million).
3Revenue less pass-through costs is revenue less media and other pass-through costs. Pass-through costs comprise fees paid to external suppliers where they are engaged to perform part or all of a specific project and are charged directly to clients, predominantly media costs. See note 4 for more details of the pass-through costs.
4A reconciliation from reported profit before taxation to headline operating profit is provided in note 20.