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Employee benefit obligations - Sensitivity Analysis of Significant Actuarial Assumptions (Details) - GBP (£)
£ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Assumption, increase in longevity 1 year 1 year
Discount rate    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Assumption, basis point increase 0.25% 0.25%
Assumption, basis point decrease 0.25% 0.25%
Discount rate | United Kingdom    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption £ 0 £ 0
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to decrease in assumption 0 0
Discount rate | North America    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption (3) (4)
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to decrease in assumption 3 4
Discount rate | Western Continental Europe    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption (2) (2)
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to decrease in assumption 2 2
Discount rate | Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East and Central & Eastern Europe    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption (1) (1)
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to decrease in assumption £ 1 £ 1
Rate of increase in salaries    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Assumption, basis point increase 0.25% 0.25%
Assumption, basis point decrease 0.25% 0.25%
Rate of increase in salaries | Western Continental Europe    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption £ 1 £ 1
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to decrease in assumption (1) (1)
Rate of increase in salaries | Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East and Central & Eastern Europe    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption 1 0
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to decrease in assumption £ (1) £ (1)
Rate of increase in pensions in payment    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Assumption, basis point increase 0.25% 0.25%
Assumption, basis point decrease 0.25% 0.25%
Rate of increase in pensions in payment | United Kingdom    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption £ 0 £ 0
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to decrease in assumption 0 0
Rate of increase in pensions in payment | Western Continental Europe    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption 1 1
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to decrease in assumption (1) (1)
Life expectancy | United Kingdom    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption 1 1
Life expectancy | North America    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption 3 3
Life expectancy | Western Continental Europe    
Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items]    
Increase/(decrease) in benefit obligation, due to increase in assumption £ 3 £ 3