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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Summary of Components of Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes | A summary of the components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:
(In thousands) |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Current |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | (8,001 | ) |  | $ | 466 |  |  | $ | 12,733 |
State |  |  | (476 | ) |  |  | (150 | ) |  |  | 1,141 |
International |  |  | 11,705 |  |  |  | 6,458 |  |  |  | 477 |
Total Current |  |  | 3,228 |  |  |  | 6,774 |  |  |  | 14,351 |
Deferred |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  |  | (14,448 | ) |  |  | 8,024 |  |  |  | 647 |
State |  |  | (3,390 | ) |  |  | 1,882 |  |  |  | 73 |
International |  |  | 581 |  |  |  | 4,167 |  |  |  | (3,405 | )
Total Deferred |  |  | (17,257 | ) |  |  | 14,073 |  |  |  | (2,685 | )
Total Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes |  | $ | (14,029 | ) |  | $ | 20,847 |  |  | $ | 11,666 |
Effective Income Tax Rate Differs from Federal Statutory Rate | Our effective income tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate due to the following:
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Tax provision computed at the federal statutory rate |  |  | 21.00 | % |  |  | 35.00 | % |  |  | 35.00 | %
State income tax provision, net of federal benefit |  |  | 14.53 |  |  |  | 2.17 |  |  |  | 3.93 |
Federal research credits |  |  | 14.23 |  |  |  | (11.88 | ) |  |  | (8.15 | )
Foreign taxes |  |  | (11.45 | ) |  |  | (2.27 | ) |  |  | (0.34 | )
Tax-exempt income |  |  | 0.45 |  |  |  | (0.75 | ) |  |  | (0.53 | )
State tax incentives |  |  | 3.15 |  |  |  | (2.71 | ) |  |  | (2.77 | )
Stock-based compensation |  |  | (2.87 | ) |  |  | 1.43 |  |  |  | 2.53 |
Domestic production activity deduction |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.13 | ) |  |  | (2.23 | )
Bargain purchase |  |  | 8.82 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.64 | )
Impact of U.S. tax reform |  |  | 12.00 |  |  |  | 26.70 |  |  |  | — |
Global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI) |  |  | (17.48 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Other, net |  |  | (0.34 | ) |  |  | 0.09 |  |  |  | 0.08 |
Effective Tax Rate |  |  | 42.04 | % |  |  | 46.65 | % |  |  | 24.88 | %
Income (Loss) Before Provision for Income Taxes | Income (loss) before provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:
(In thousands) |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
U.S. entities |  | $ | (74,131 | ) |  | $ | 26,552 |  |  | $ | 54,077 |
International entities |  |  | 40,760 |  |  |  | 18,135 |  |  |  | (7,182 | )
Total |  | $ | (33,371 | ) |  | $ | 44,687 |  |  | $ | 46,895 |
Principal Components of Current and Non-current Deferred Taxes | Deferred income taxes on the balance sheet result from temporary differences between the amount of assets and liabilities recognized for financial reporting and tax purposes. The principal components of our current and non-current deferred taxes are as follows:
(In thousands) |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Deferred tax assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Inventory |  | $ | 6,609 |  |  | $ | 7,545 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 2,850 |  |  |  | 3,103 |
Investments |  |  | 1,122 |  |  |  | — |
Deferred compensation |  |  | 4,779 |  |  |  | 5,204 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 3,069 |  |  |  | 2,988 |
Uncertain tax positions related to state taxes and related interest |  |  | 326 |  |  |  | 370 |
Pensions |  |  | 5,538 |  |  |  | 4,727 |
Foreign losses |  |  | 3,097 |  |  |  | 3,091 |
State losses and credit carry-forwards |  |  | 8,164 |  |  |  | 3,854 |
Federal loss and research carry-forwards |  |  | 17,495 |  |  |  | 3,058 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (5,816 | ) |  |  | (6,006 | )
Total Deferred Tax Assets |  |  | 47,233 |  |  |  | 27,934 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  |  | (3,515 | ) |  |  | (3,553 | )
Intellectual property |  |  | (6,531 | ) |  |  | (663 | )
Investments |  |  | — |  |  |  | (290 | )
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities |  |  | (10,046 | ) |  |  | (4,506 | )
Net Deferred Tax Assets |  | $ | 37,187 |  |  | $ | 23,428 |
Change in Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits | The change in the unrecognized income tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is reconciled below:
(In thousands) |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 2,366 |  |  | $ | 2,226 |  |  | $ | 2,537 |
Increases for tax position related to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prior years |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 465 |  |  |  | 95 |
Current year |  |  | 254 |  |  |  | 285 |  |  |  | 428 |
Decreases for tax positions related to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prior years |  |  | — |  |  |  | (14 | ) |  |  | — |
Settlements with taxing authorities |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Expiration of applicable statute of limitations |  |  | (755 | ) |  |  | (596 | ) |  |  | (834 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 1,868 |  |  | $ | 2,366 |  |  | $ | 2,226 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure for tax positions taken in the tax returns filed or to be filed for which it is more likely than not that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities and other income tax contingencies. Includes, but is not limited to, interest and penalties, reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits, unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate, tax years that remain subject to examination by tax jurisdictions, and information about positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts unrecognized will significantly change within 12 months. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=SL6600010-109319 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32718-109319 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 19 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32840-109319 + Details
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