<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-23-261665.txt : 20231024
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-23-261665.hdr.sgml : 20231024
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20231024161030
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-23-261665
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20231018
ITEM INFORMATION:		Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20231024
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20231024

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			ADTRAN Holdings, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000926282
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	TELEPHONE & TELEGRAPH APPARATUS [3661]
		IRS NUMBER:				872164282
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-41446
		FILM NUMBER:		231342815

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		901 EXPLORER BLVD
		CITY:			HUNTSVILLE
		STATE:			AL
		ZIP:			35806
		BUSINESS PHONE:		256-963-8220

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		901 EXPLORER BLVD
		CITY:			HUNTSVILLE
		STATE:			AL
		ZIP:			35806

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ADTRAN INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19940705
</SEC-HEADER>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border:0;width:100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap">Pre-commencement</span> communications pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">14d-2(b)</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR <span style="white-space:nowrap">240.14d-2(b))</span></p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:1%"></td>
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<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Title of each class</p></td>
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<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Trading<br />Symbol</p></td>
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<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Name of exchange</p> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">on which registered</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width:11%;vertical-align:top" align="left"><span style="font-weight:bold">Item&#8201;5.02</span></td>
<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">On October&#160;18, 2023, the Compensation Committee (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Committee</span>&#8221;) of the Board of Directors (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Board</span>&#8221;) of Adtran Holdings, Inc. (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Corporation</span>&#8221;) approved the adoption of a Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Incentive Based Compensation (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">New Clawback Policy</span>&#8221;), effective as of October&#160;2, 2023. The Committee adopted the New Clawback Policy in order to comply with the final clawback rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section&#160;10D and Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">10D-1</span> of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Exchange Act</span>&#8221;) and the listing standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Nasdaq</span>&#8221;), as set forth in the Nasdaq Listing Rule 5608 (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Final Clawback Rules</span>&#8221;). </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The New Clawback Policy provides for the mandatory recovery of erroneously awarded incentive-based compensation from current and former executive officers in the manner specified by the Final Clawback Rules (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Executive Officers</span>&#8221;) of the Corporation in the event that the Corporation is required to prepare an accounting restatement, in accordance with the Final Clawback Rules. The recovery of such compensation applies regardless of whether an Executive Officer engaged in misconduct or otherwise caused or contributed to the requirement of an accounting restatement. Under the New Clawback Policy, the Corporation may recoup from the Executive Officers erroneously awarded incentive compensation received within a lookback period of the three completed fiscal years preceding the date on which the Corporation is required to prepare an accounting restatement. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In connection with the adoption of the New Clawback Policy, the Committee approved the amendment and restatement of the Corporation&#8217;s current Clawback Policy, effective as of October 2, 2023 (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Amended and Restated Clawback Policy</span>&#8221;), which applies to compensation received prior to October&#160;2, 2023. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The preceding description of the New Clawback Policy and the Amended and Restated Clawback Policy is qualified in its entirety by the text of such policies, which are filed as Exhibits 10.1 and 10.2, respectively, to this Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K</span> and are incorporated by reference herein. </p> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">On October&#160;20, 2023, the Board amended and restated the Corporation&#8217;s bylaws (as amended and restated, the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">Bylaws</span>&#8221;), effective on such date. Capitalized terms used and not defined in this Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K</span> shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Bylaws. Unless otherwise stated, article and section references below are to the Bylaws as so amended and restated. The changes to the Bylaws include the following: </p> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:left"><span style="font-style:italic">Article II, Section</span><span style="font-style:italic"></span><span style="font-style:italic">&#160;2.3 (List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote)</span>. This section has been revised to reflect updated Section&#160;219(a) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline">DGCL</span>&#8221;), which no longer requires the Corporation to make the stockholder list available for inspection during the stockholders&#8217; meeting. This section further clarifies that the stockholder list shall be arranged by applicable voting groups and that it shall presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:left"><span style="font-style:italic">Article III, Section</span><span style="font-style:italic"></span><span style="font-style:italic">&#160;3.4 (Nominations for Election to the Board of Directors). </span> </p></td></tr></table>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"><a href="d513183dex31.htm">Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of ADTRAN Holdings, Inc. </a></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom">Date: October&#160;24, 2023</td>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Ulrich Dopfer</p></td></tr>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 3.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>BYLAWS </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ADTRAN HOLDINGS, INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;I </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OFFICES
</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;<U>Location</U>. The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware and the name
of the registered agent at such address shall be as specified in the Certificate of Incorporation or, if subsequently changed, as specified in the most recent Certificate of Change filed pursuant to law. The Corporation may also have other offices
at such places within or without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate or the business of the Corporation may require. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.2&nbsp;<U>Change of Location</U>. In the manner permitted by law, the Board of Directors or the registered agent may change the
address of the Corporation&#146;s registered office in the State of Delaware and the Board of Directors may make, revoke or change the designation of the registered agent. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;II </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.1&nbsp;<U>Annual Meeting</U>. The annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation for the election of Directors and for
the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held at such place, if any, either within or without the State of Delaware, or by means of remote communication, and on such date and at such time as the Board
of Directors may fix by resolution and as set forth in the notice of the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.2 <U>Special Meetings</U>. Special
meetings of stockholders, unless otherwise prescribed by law, may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board, by the Chief Executive Officer, by the President or by order of the Board of Directors. Special meetings of stockholders prescribed
by law for the election of Directors shall be called by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or the Secretary whenever required to do so pursuant to applicable law. Special meetings of
stockholders shall be held on such date and at such time and at such place, if any, either within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be designated in the notice of meeting or by means of remote communication. Except as otherwise provided in
Section&nbsp;3.4 with respect to the nomination of Directors, only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation&#146;s notice of meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.3 <U>List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote</U>. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare
and make, or cause to be prepared and made, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting based upon the record date for such meeting determined pursuant to
Section&nbsp;5.8 (<I>provided, however</I>, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten days before the date of the meeting, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day
before the meeting date), arranged by any applicable voting groups and in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation registered in the name of each stockholder. Such
list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting: (a)&nbsp;on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required
to gain access to such list was provided with the notice of the meeting; or (b)&nbsp;during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. The Corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or
other electronic contact information on such list. In the event that the Corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to
stockholders of the Corporation. Such list shall presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.<U> </U>Except as provided by applicable law, the stock ledger
shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger and the list of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders or to vote in person or by proxy at any such meeting. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the Corporation may maintain and authorize examination of the list of stockholders in any manner expressly permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law (&#147;DGCL&#148;) at the time. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.4&nbsp;<U>Notice of Meeting</U>. Except as otherwise prescribed by law, a
notice of each meeting of stockholders, in the form of a writing or electronic transmission, shall be given by the Corporation, not more than sixty (60)&nbsp;nor less than ten (10)&nbsp;days before the date of such meeting, to each stockholder
entitled to vote thereat, which notice shall state the place, if any, date and time of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting,
the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, if such date is different from the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or
purposes for which the meeting is called. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to such stockholder at his or her address as the same appears on the records of the
Corporation. Without limiting the manner by which notices of meetings otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any such notice may be given by electronic transmission in the manner provided in Section&nbsp;232 of the DGCL. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notice of any meeting need not be given to any stockholder who shall, either before or after the meeting, submit a waiver of notice or who
shall attend such meeting, except when the stockholder attends for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Any stockholder so
waiving notice of the meeting shall be bound by the proceedings of the meeting in all respects as if due notice thereof had been given. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">An affidavit of the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary or the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that notice has been duly given
shall be evidence of the facts stated therein. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.5&nbsp;<U>Adjourned Meetings and Notice Thereof</U>. Any meeting of
stockholders may be adjourned to another time or place (including an adjournment taken to address a technical failure to convene or continue a meeting using remote communication), and the Corporation may transact at any adjourned meeting any
business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. Notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communication, if any, are (i)&nbsp;announced at the meeting at which
the adjournment is taken, (ii)&nbsp;displayed, during the time scheduled for the meeting, on the same electronic network used to enable stockholders and proxy holders to participate in the meeting by means of remote communication, or (iii)&nbsp;set
forth in the notice of meeting given in accordance with Section&nbsp;222(a) of the DGCL; <I>provided, however</I>, that if (a)&nbsp;any adjournment or series of adjournments cause the original meeting to be adjourned for more than thirty
(30)&nbsp;days after the date originally fixed therefor or (b)&nbsp;a new record date is fixed for stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, notice shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.6&nbsp;<U>Quorum</U>. At any meeting of stockholders, except as otherwise expressly required by law or by the Certificate
of Incorporation, the holders of record of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote or act at such meeting shall be present in person or represented by proxy in order to constitute a quorum for the transaction
of any business. If, however, such quorum shall not be present in person or represented at any meeting of stockholders, the chair of the meeting or the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have the
power, by the affirmative vote of a majority in voting power thereof, to adjourn the meeting from time to time, in the manner provided in Section&nbsp;2.5, until a quorum shall be present or represented. At any such adjourned meeting at which there
is a quorum present, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting originally called. When a quorum is once present to organize a meeting, the quorum cannot be destroyed by the subsequent withdrawal or revocation of
the proxy of any stockholder. Shares of capital stock owned by the Corporation or by another corporation, if a majority of the shares of such other corporation entitled to vote in the election of Directors is held by the Corporation, shall not be
counted for quorum purposes or entitled to vote. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.7&nbsp;<U>Voting</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) <I>General</I>. At any meeting of stockholders, each stockholder holding, as of the record date, shares of capital stock
entitled to be voted on any matter at such meeting shall have one vote on each such matter submitted to vote at such meeting for each such share of capital stock held by such stockholder, as of the record date, as shown by the list of stockholders
entitled to vote at the meeting, unless the Certificate of Incorporation provides for more or less than one vote for any share, on any matter, in which case every reference in these Bylaws to a majority or other proportion of stock shall refer to
such majority or other proportion of the votes of such stock. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) <I>Proxies</I>. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a
meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for him or her by proxy, provided that no proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years
from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. Such authorization may be in a writing executed by the stockholder or his or her authorized officer, director, employee, or agent. To the extent permitted by law, a stockholder may
authorize another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of an electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service
organization, or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, provided that the electronic transmission either sets forth or is submitted with information from which it can be determined
that the electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder. A copy, facsimile transmission, or other reliable reproduction of the proxy authorized by this Section&nbsp;2.7(b) may be substituted for or used in lieu of the original writing or
electronic transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or electronic transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile transmission, or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original
writing or electronic transmission. A duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only so long as, it is coupled with an interest, whether in the stock itself or in the Corporation generally, sufficient
in law to support an irrevocable power. A stockholder may revoke any proxy that is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by delivering to the Secretary a revocation of the proxy or a new proxy bearing a later date. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any stockholder directly or indirectly soliciting proxies from other stockholders must use a proxy card color other than white,
which shall be reserved for exclusive use by the Board of Directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) <I>Inspector</I>. The Board of Directors, the
Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or the person presiding at a meeting of stockholders may appoint one or more persons to act as inspectors of voting at any meeting with respect to any matter to be
submitted to a vote of stockholders at such meeting, with such powers and duties, not inconsistent with applicable law, as may be appropriate. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, inspectors may be officers, employees or agents of the
Corporation. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of the duties of inspector, shall take and sign an oath to execute faithfully the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of such inspector&#146;s
ability. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.8&nbsp;<U>Action by Consent of Stockholders</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, whenever any action by the stockholders at a meeting thereof
is required or permitted by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, such action may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken and
bearing the dates of signature of the stockholders who signed the consent, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at
which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, the Corporation&#146;s principal place of business, or any officer or agent of the
Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Such delivery shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Prompt notice of the taking of such action without a
meeting and by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) No written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within 60 days of the
earliest dated written consent received in accordance with this Section&nbsp;2.8, a written consent or consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take such action are delivered to the Corporation in the manner prescribed by this
Section&nbsp;2.8. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) Any stockholder of record seeking to have the stockholders authorize or
take action by written consent shall, by written notice to the Secretary of the Corporation, request the Board of Directors to fix a record date, as provided for in Section&nbsp;5.8(b). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.9&nbsp;<U>Nature of Business at Annual Meetings of Stockholders</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) At any annual meeting of stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before
such meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (i)&nbsp;specified in the notice of meeting or proxy materials accompanying such notice (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of
Directors, (ii)&nbsp;otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, or (iii)&nbsp;otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder of record at the time of the
delivery of the notice required by this Section&nbsp;2.9 (the &#147;Record Stockholder&#148;). For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing clause (iii)&nbsp;shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to propose business (other than business
included in the Corporation&#146;s proxy materials pursuant <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">to&nbsp;Rule&nbsp;14a-8&nbsp;under</FONT> the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (as so amended, and inclusive of rules and regulations adopted
thereunder, the &#147;Exchange Act&#148;) or nominations properly made in accordance with Section&nbsp;3.4 of these Bylaws) at an annual meeting of stockholders. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a Record Stockholder pursuant to clause (iii)&nbsp;in the preceding paragraph
of this Section&nbsp;2.9(a), (i) the Record Stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation in compliance with the notice procedures set forth in this Section&nbsp;2.9, must be a stockholder of record
of the Corporation at the time of the delivery of said notice and at the time of the meeting and must be entitled to vote at the meeting, (ii)&nbsp;any such business must be a proper matter for stockholder action under Delaware law, and
(iii)&nbsp;the Record Stockholder and any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined in Section&nbsp;2.9(d) below) must have acted in accordance with the representations set forth in the Solicitation Statement required by these Bylaws. To be timely,
a Record Stockholder&#146;s notice must be delivered to and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day, nor earlier than the close of business on
the one hundred twentieth (120th) day, prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#146;s annual meeting;<I>&nbsp;provided</I>,<I>&nbsp;however</I>, that subject to the immediately following sentence, in the event that the annual meeting is
convened more than thirty (30)&nbsp;days before or more than seventy (70)&nbsp;days after such anniversary date, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year, notice by the Record Stockholder must be so received not earlier than the close
of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which
public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. The minimum timeliness requirements of this paragraph shall apply despite any different timeline described in Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19</FONT> or
elsewhere in Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, including with respect to any statements or information required to be provided to the Corporation pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19</FONT> by a nominating shareholder and
not otherwise specified herein. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a Record Stockholder&#146;s notice as described above. A Record
Stockholder&#146;s notice to the Secretary shall set forth or include, as the case may be, as to each matter the Record Stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, including the complete text of any
resolutions to be presented at the meeting with respect to such business (and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these Bylaws, the language of the proposed amendment), and the reasons for conducting such business at the
meeting; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) the name and address of record of the Record Stockholder and any Stockholder Associated Person; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii) the class, series and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record, directly or
indirectly, by the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person (and such notice shall include documentary evidence of such person&#146;s record and/or beneficial ownership of such stock); </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv) any material interest including, but not limited to, any direct or
indirect financial interest, of the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person in such proposed business; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(v)
a reasonably detailed description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether written or oral) that the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person has with one another or with any other person in connection with such
proposed business; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vi) a reasonably detailed description of any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding or
relationship (whether written or oral) pursuant to which the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person has a right to vote, directly or indirectly, any stock of the Corporation or pursuant to which any other person has the right to
vote, directly or indirectly, any stock owned by the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vii) a
reasonably detailed description of any derivative positions, hedged positions, synthetic or temporary ownership techniques, swaps, securities loans, timed purchases and other economic and voting interests or similar positions held or beneficially
held by the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person or to which the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person is a party with respect to any stock of the Corporation, and whether and the extent to which any other
transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short positions or any borrowing or lending of stock) has been made, the effect or intent of which is
to mitigate loss to or manage risk of stock price changes for, or to increase the voting power of, such Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to any stock of the Corporation; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(viii) a representation that the Record Stockholder is a holder of record of shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at such
meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such business; and </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ix) a representation
whether the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person intends, or is part of a group which intends, to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the voting power of the Corporation&#146;s
outstanding capital stock reasonably believed by the Record Stockholder or Nominating Stockholder Associated Person to be sufficient to approve or adopt the proposal (such representation in this clause (ix), a &#147;Solicitation Statement&#148;).
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">A Record Stockholder providing notice of business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting shall further update and supplement such
notice, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2.9(a) shall be true and correct as of the record date for the meeting, and such update and supplement shall be delivered
to and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than ten (10)&nbsp;days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting;<I>&nbsp;provided</I>, that if such date
is after the date of the meeting, not later than the day prior to the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Notwithstanding anything in these
Bylaws to the contrary, no business (except for the election of Directors in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section&nbsp;3.4 of these Bylaws) shall be conducted at an annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in
this Section&nbsp;2.9. The chairperson of an annual meeting shall have the power to determine and declare to the meeting whether or not business was properly brought before the meeting in accordance with these provisions, and if he or she should
determine that business was not properly brought before the meeting, to declare that such business shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section&nbsp;2.9, unless otherwise required by law or determined by the
Board of Directors in its sole discretion, if the Record Stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present proposed business, such proposed business
shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Section&nbsp;2.9, to be considered a qualified representative of the stockholder, a person must be a duly
authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or must be authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of
stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) This Section&nbsp;2.9 is expressly intended to apply to any business
proposed to be brought before an annual meeting of stockholders other than any proposal brought properly under and in compliance <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">with&nbsp;Rule&nbsp;14a-8&nbsp;under</FONT> the Exchange Act or any nomination of any
person for election to the Board of Directors (which such nomination shall be governed by Section&nbsp;3.4 of these Bylaws). In addition to the requirements of this Section&nbsp;2.9 with respect to any business proposed to be brought before an
annual meeting, a stockholder shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to any such business. Nothing in this Section&nbsp;2.9 shall be deemed to affect the rights of stockholders to request inclusion in the
Corporation&#146;s proxy statement of proposals pursuant to <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Rule&nbsp;14a-8&nbsp;under</FONT> the Exchange Act. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) For purposes of these Bylaws, the term &#147;Stockholder Associated Person&#148; shall include each of the following
persons: (i)&nbsp;any beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different than the Record Stockholder, on whose behalf the notice of business in this Section&nbsp;2.9 is made, (ii)&nbsp;any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in
concert with the Record Stockholder or such beneficial owner, (iii)&nbsp;any associate (within the meaning of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Rule&nbsp;12b-2&nbsp;under</FONT> the Exchange Act for purposes of these Bylaws) of such Record
Stockholder, beneficial owner or person and (iv)&nbsp;any other participant in such solicitation (as described in paragraphs (a)(ii)-(vi) of Instruction 3 to Item 4 of Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;III </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>BOARD
OF DIRECTORS </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.1&nbsp;<U>General Powers</U>.&nbsp;The property, business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed
by or under the direction of a Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and have such authority and do all such lawful acts and things as are permitted by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or
these Bylaws. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.2&nbsp;<U>Number of Directors</U>. The Board of Directors of the Corporation shall consist of one or more
members. The exact number of Directors which shall constitute the whole Board of Directors shall be fixed from time to time by resolution adopted by a majority of the whole Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.3&nbsp;<U>Election</U>. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, after the first
meeting of the Corporation at which Directors are elected, Directors of the Corporation shall be elected each year at the annual meeting of stockholders, or at a special meeting in lieu of the annual meeting called for such purpose, by a majority of
votes cast at any meeting for the election of Directors at which a quorum is present;<I>&nbsp;provided</I>,<I>&nbsp;however</I>, that, Directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at any meeting of stockholders for which (i)&nbsp;the
Secretary of the Corporation received a notice that a stockholder has nominated a person for election to the Board of Directors in compliance with the advance notice requirements for stockholder nominees for Director set forth in Section&nbsp;3.4(a)
of these Bylaws and (ii)&nbsp;such nomination has not been withdrawn by such stockholder on or prior to the tenth (10th) day preceding the date the Corporation first mails its notice of meeting for such meeting to the stockholders. For purposes of
this Section&nbsp;3.3, a majority of votes cast shall mean that the number of shares of shares voted &#147;for&#148; a nominee&#146;s election exceeded the number of shares voted &#147;against&#148; such nominee&#146;s election. The voting on
Directors at any such meeting shall be by written ballot unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.4&nbsp;<U>Nominations for Election to the Board of Directors</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as Directors.
Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at any meeting of stockholders called for the election of Directors by (i)&nbsp;the Board of Directors or any committee designated by the Board of Directors or (ii)&nbsp;any
stockholder of the Corporation entitled to vote for the election of Directors at such meeting (a &#147;Nominating Record Stockholder&#148;) if the nomination by such stockholder is made in accordance with the procedures established by this
Section&nbsp;3.4. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">For nominations to be properly brought before a meeting by a Nominating Record Stockholder, (a)&nbsp;the Nominating
Record Stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation in compliance with the notice procedures set forth in this Section&nbsp;3.4(a), must be a stockholder of the Corporation of record at the time of
the delivery of said notice and at the time of the meeting and must be </P>
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entitled to vote at the meeting for the election of Directors, and (b)&nbsp;the Nominating Record Stockholder and any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person (as defined in Section&nbsp;3.4(c)
below) must have acted in accordance with the representations set forth in the Nominating Solicitation Statement required by these Bylaws. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing sentence shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to propose
nominations at a meeting of stockholders. To be timely with respect to an annual meeting, a stockholder&#146;s notice shall be delivered to and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close
of business on the ninetieth (90th) day, nor earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day, prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#146;s annual meeting;<I>&nbsp;provided</I>,<I>&nbsp;however</I>, that
subject to the next two sentences, in the event that the annual meeting is convened more than thirty (30)&nbsp;days before or more than seventy (70)&nbsp;days after such anniversary date, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year,
notice by the Nominating Record Stockholder must be so received not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth
(90th) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. Notwithstanding anything in the preceding sentence to the contrary, in the
event that the number of Directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased and there has been no public announcement naming all of the nominees for Director or indicating the increase in the size of the Board of Directors made by the
Corporation at least ten (10)&nbsp;days before the last day that a Nominating Record Stockholder may deliver a notice of nomination in accordance with the preceding sentence, a Nominating Record Stockholder&#146;s notice required by this
Section&nbsp;3.4(a) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be received by the Secretary not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following
the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a Nominating Record
Stockholder&#146;s notice as described above. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">A Nominating Record Stockholder&#146;s notice to the Secretary shall set forth or include,
as the case may be: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(A) as to each person whom the Nominating Record Stockholder proposes to nominate for election <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">or&nbsp;re-election&nbsp;as</FONT> a Director (a &#147;nominee&#148;), (i) the name of such nominee, (ii)&nbsp;the age, business address and residence address of such nominee, (iii)&nbsp;the principal occupation or
employment of such nominee, (iv)&nbsp;the class, series and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned or owned of record, directly or indirectly, by such nominee, (v)&nbsp;a reasonably detailed description of all arrangements,
understandings or relationships with respect to the nomination (whether written or oral) between or among the nominee, the Nominating Record Stockholder and any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person, any of their respective affiliates, and any
other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nomination is to be made by the Nominating Record Stockholder, including information on compensation by third parties related to the nomination, (vi)&nbsp;a notarized
affidavit executed by such nominee to the effect that, if elected as a member of the Board of Directors, he or she currently intends to serve as a Director for the entire term for which such nominee is standing for election, that he or she is
eligible for election as a member of the Board of Directors, and that, if he or she will be named in the Corporation&#146;s proxy statement as a nominee, he or she consents to being named in any proxy statement related to the Corporation&#146;s next
meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected, (vii)&nbsp;a statement whether such nominee, if elected, intends to tender, promptly following such nominee&#146;s election, an irrevocable resignation effective upon such nominee&#146;s
failure to receive the required vote <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">for&nbsp;re-election&nbsp;at</FONT> the next meeting at which such nominee would face reelection and upon acceptance of such resignation by the Board of Directors, in accordance
with the Corporation&#146;s Director Resignation Policy, (viii)&nbsp;a completed questionnaire executed by the nominee, in a form that has been prepared by the Corporation (including those questionnaires required of all Director candidates pursuant
to Section&nbsp;3.5 and any other questionnaire the Corporation determines is necessary or advisable to assess whether a nominee will satisfy any qualifications or requirements imposed by the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, any law,
rule, regulation or national securities exchange listing standard that may be applicable to the Corporation, and the Corporation&#146;s corporate governance policies and guidelines), which shall be supplemented promptly upon request by the
Corporation, (ix)&nbsp;a reasonably detailed description of any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding or relationship (whether written or oral) pursuant to which the nominee has a right to vote, directly or indirectly, any stock of the
Corporation or pursuant </P>
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to which any other person has the right to vote, directly or indirectly, any stock owned by such nomineee, (x)&nbsp;a reasonably detailed description of any Voting Commitments (as defined in
Section&nbsp;3.5) and/or any other arrangements or obligations by which the nominee is or will be bound as a Director, and (xi)&nbsp;all other information relating to the nominee that is required to be disclosed in a proxy statement on Schedule 14A
for solicitation of proxies for election of Directors under the Exchange Act and pursuant to any other applicable laws or rules or regulations of any governmental authority or of any national securities exchange or similar body overseeing any
trading market on which shares of the Corporation are traded; and </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(B) as to the Nominating Record Stockholder and any
Nominating Stockholder Associated Person, (i)&nbsp;the name and address of record of the Nominating Record Stockholder and any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person, (ii)&nbsp;the class, series and number of shares of the Corporation which are
owned beneficially or of record, directly or indirectly, by the Nominating Record Stockholder or any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person (and such notice shall include documentary evidence of each such person&#146;s record and/or beneficial
ownership of such stock), (iii) a list of all stockholder proposals and director nominations made by the Nominating Record Stockholder or any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person during the prior ten (10)&nbsp;years, (iv)&nbsp;a list of all
litigation filed against the Nominating Record Stockholder or any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person during the prior ten (10)&nbsp;years asserting a breach of fiduciary duty or a breach of loyalty, (v)&nbsp;a representation that the
Nominating Record Stockholder is a holder of record of shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice, (vi)&nbsp;a
reasonably detailed description of any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding or relationship (whether written or oral) pursuant to which the Nominating Record Stockholder or any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person has a right to vote,
directly or indirectly, any stock of the Corporation or pursuant to which any other person has the right to vote, directly or indirectly, any stock owned by the Record Stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person, (vii)&nbsp;a reasonably
detailed description of any derivative positions, hedged positions, synthetic or temporary ownership techniques, swaps, securities loans, timed purchases and other economic and voting interests or similar positions held or beneficially held by the
Nominating Record Stockholder or any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person or to which the Nominating Record Stockholder or any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person is a party with respect to any stock of the Corporation, and whether and the
extent to which any other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short positions or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock) has been
made, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to or manage risk of stock price changes for, or to increase the voting power of, such Nominating Record Stockholder or any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person with respect to any stock of
the Corporation, (viii)&nbsp;a representation as to whether the Nominating Record Stockholder or any Nominating Stockholder Associated Person intends or is part of a group which intends to (A)&nbsp;deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to
holders of the voting power of at least the percentage of the Corporation&#146;s outstanding capital stock reasonably believed by the Nominating Record Stockholder or Nominating Stockholder Associated Person to be sufficient to elect the nominee or
nominees proposed to be nominated by the Nominating Record Stockholder and (B)&nbsp;to solicit proxies or votes in support of such nominee or nominees proposed to be nominated by the Nominating Record Stockholder in accordance with Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19</FONT> under the Exchange Act (such representation in this clause (viii), a &#147;Nominating Solicitation Statement&#148;), and (ix)&nbsp;all other information relating to the Nominating Record Stockholder and/or
Nominating Stockholder Associated Person that is required to be disclosed in a proxy statement on Schedule&nbsp;14A for solicitation of proxies for election of directors under the Exchange Act and pursuant to any other applicable laws or rules or
regulations of any governmental authority or of any national securities exchange or similar body overseeing any trading market on which shares of the Corporation are traded. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In the event a special meeting of stockholders is called pursuant to Section&nbsp;2.2 for the purpose of electing one or more Directors to the
Board of Directors, any such stockholder entitled to vote in the election of such Directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation&#146;s notice of meeting, if the
stockholder&#146;s notice required by this Section&nbsp;3.4(a) shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of </P>
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business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting or
the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the adjournment or
postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder&#146;s notice as described above. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">A Nominating Record Stockholder providing notice of a nomination pursuant to this Section&nbsp;3.4(a) shall further update and supplement such
notice, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section&nbsp;3.4(a) shall be true and correct as of the record date for the meeting, and such update and supplement shall be delivered
to and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than ten (10)&nbsp;days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting;<I>&nbsp;provided</I>, that if such date
is after the date of the meeting, not later than the day prior to the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing
provisions of this Section&nbsp;3.4, unless otherwise required by law or determined by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, if the Nominating Record Stockholder (or a qualified representative of such stockholder) does not appear at the
annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present a nomination, such nomination shall not be presented for election, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes
of this Section&nbsp;3.4, to be considered a qualified representative of the stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or must be authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an
electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic
transmission, at the meeting of stockholders. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) For purposes of these Bylaws, the term &#147;Nominating Stockholder
Associated Person&#148; shall include each of the following persons: (i)&nbsp;any beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different than the Nominating Record Stockholder, on whose behalf the notice of nomination in this Section&nbsp;3.4 is made,
(ii)&nbsp;any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with the Nominating Record Stockholder or such a beneficial owner, (iii)&nbsp;any associate (within the meaning of
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Rule&nbsp;12b-2&nbsp;under</FONT> the Exchange Act for purposes of these Bylaws) of such Nominating Record Stockholder, beneficial owner or person and (iv)&nbsp;any other participant in such solicitation (as
described in paragraphs (a)(ii)-(vi) of Instruction 3 to Item 4 of Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d)
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section&nbsp;3.4, a Nominating Record Stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth
in this Section&nbsp;3.4. Furthermore, without limiting the other provisions and requirements of this Section&nbsp;3.4, unless otherwise required by law or determined by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, if the Nominating Record
Stockholder (i)&nbsp;provides notice pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(b)</FONT> under the Exchange Act and (ii)&nbsp;subsequently fails to comply with the requirements of Rule
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(a)(2)</FONT> and Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(a)(3)</FONT> under the Exchange Act (or fails to timely provide documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation that such stockholder has
met the requirements of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(a)(3)</FONT> promulgated under the Exchange Act in accordance with the following sentence) then such nomination shall be disregarded and no vote on such nominee proposed by such
stockholder or proposing person shall occur, notwithstanding that the nomination is set forth in the notice of meeting or any other proxy materials and notwithstanding that proxies or votes in respect of the election of such proposed nominee may
have been received by the Corporation (which proxies and votes shall be disregarded). Upon request by the Corporation, if the Nominating Record Stockholder provides notice pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(b)</FONT> under the
Exchange Act, the Nominating Record Stockholder shall deliver to the Corporation, no later than five (5)&nbsp;business days prior to the applicable meeting, reasonable evidence that it has met the requirements of Rule
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(a)(3)</FONT> under the Exchange Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section&nbsp;3.4, unless otherwise required by law, no stockholder shall solicit proxies in support of nominees other than
the Corporation&#146;s nominees unless such stockholder has complied with Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19</FONT> promulgated under the Exchange Act in connection with the solicitation of such proxies, including the provision to the
Corporation of notices required thereunder in a timely manner. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.5&nbsp;<U>Eligibility to be a Candidate for Election as a Director and to be
Seated as a Director.</U> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) To be eligible to be a candidate for election as a Director of the Corporation at an annual
or special meeting of stockholders, a candidate must be nominated in the manner prescribed in Section&nbsp;3.4 and the candidate for nomination, whether nominated by the Board of Directors or a Nominating Record Stockholder, must have previously
delivered (not later than the applicable deadline prescribed for delivery of notice under Section&nbsp;3.4 or in accordance with the time period specified in a notice to such candidate given by or on behalf of the Board of Directors), to the
Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, (i)&nbsp;a completed written questionnaire (in a form provided by the Corporation) with respect to the background, qualifications, stock ownership and independence of such proposed
nominee and, if applicable, the background of any other person on whose behalf the nomination is being made, and (ii)&nbsp;a written representation and agreement (in a form provided by the Corporation) that such candidate for nomination (A)&nbsp;is
not and, if elected as a Director during his or her term of office, will not become a party to (1)&nbsp;any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given and will not give any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to
how such proposed nominee, if elected as a Director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a &#147;Voting Commitment&#148;) that has not been disclosed therein or (2)&nbsp;any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere
with such proposed nominee&#146;s ability to comply, if elected as a Director of the Corporation, with such proposed nominee&#146;s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B)&nbsp;is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or
understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with his or her service or action as a Director that has not been disclosed
therein and (C)&nbsp;in such person&#146;s individual capacity and on behalf of any person on whose behalf the nomination is being made, would be in compliance, if elected <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">or&nbsp;re-elected&nbsp;as</FONT> a
Director, and will comply, with all applicable corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and other policies and guidelines of the Corporation applicable to Directors and in effect during such person&#146;s term in office as a
Director (and, if requested by any candidate for nomination, the Secretary of the Corporation shall provide to such candidate for nomination all such policies and guidelines then in effect). The Board of Directors may also require any proposed
candidate for nomination as a Director to furnish such other information as may reasonably be requested by the Board of Directors in writing prior to the meeting of stockholders at which such candidate&#146;s nomination is to be acted upon in order
for the Board of Directors to determine the eligibility of such candidate for nomination and to determine the independence of such candidate to be an independent Director of the Corporation in accordance with the Exchange Act, applicable national
securities exchange rules and the Corporation&#146;s Corporate Governance Principles. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) No candidate shall be eligible
for nomination as a Director of the Corporation unless the nomination of such candidate has complied with Section&nbsp;3.4 and the candidate has complied with this Section&nbsp;3.5. The chairperson at the meeting of stockholders shall, if the facts
warrant, determine that a nomination was not properly made in accordance with Section&nbsp;3.4 and this Section&nbsp;3.5, and if he or she should so determine, he or she shall so declare such determination to the meeting, the defective nomination
shall be disregarded and any ballots cast for the candidate in question (but in the case of any form of ballot listing other qualified nominees, only the ballots cast for the nominee in question) shall be void and of no force or effect. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no candidate for nomination shall be eligible to be seated as a
Director of the Corporation unless nominated and elected in accordance with Section&nbsp;3.4 and this Section&nbsp;3.5. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.6&nbsp;<U>Term</U>. Each Director shall hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, except in the
event of the earlier termination of his or her term of office by reason of death, resignation, removal or other reason. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.7&nbsp;<U>Resignation and Removal</U>. Any Director may resign at any time upon written notice to the Board of Directors, the
Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary. The resignation of any Director shall take effect upon receipt of notice thereof or at such later time as shall be specified in such notice, and
unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any Director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the
holders of a majority of the shares of capital stock then entitled to vote in an election of Directors, except as otherwise provided by applicable law. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.8&nbsp;<U>Vacancies</U>. Vacancies in the Board of Directors and newly created Directorships resulting from any increase in the
authorized number of Directors shall be filled by a majority of the Directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining Director. If one or more Directors shall resign from the Board of Directors effective at a future date, a
majority of the Directors then in office, including those who have so resigned at a future date, shall have the power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect and the vacancy to be filled when such resignation or
resignations shall become effective, and each Director so chosen shall hold office as provided in this Section&nbsp;3.8. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each Director
chosen to fill a vacancy on the Board of Directors shall hold office until the next annual election of Directors and until his or her successor shall be elected and qualified. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.9&nbsp;<U>Quorum and Voting</U>. Unless the Certificate of Incorporation provides otherwise, at all meetings of the Board of
Directors, a majority of the whole Board of Directors shall be present to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. A Director interested in a contract or transaction may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of
the Board of Directors which authorizes the contract or transaction. In the absence of a quorum, a majority of the Directors present may adjourn the meeting until a quorum shall be present. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless the Certificate of Incorporation provides otherwise, members of the Board of Directors or any committee designated by the Board of
Directors may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and
participation in such a meeting shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The affirmative vote of the majority of the
Directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors unless the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws shall require a vote of a greater number. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.10&nbsp;<U>Regulations</U>. The Board of Directors may adopt such rules and regulations for the conduct of the business and
management of the Corporation, not inconsistent with law or the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, as the Board of Directors may deem proper. The Board of Directors may hold its meetings and cause the books and records of the Corporation
to be kept at such place or places within or without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. A member of the Board of Directors, or a member of any committee designated by the Board of Directors, shall, in
the performance of his or her duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the books of account or reports made to the Corporation by any of its officers, by an independent certified public accountant, or by an appraiser selected with
reasonable care by the Board of Directors or any committee of the Board of Directors or in relying in good faith upon other records of the Corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.11&nbsp;<U>Annual Meeting of Board of Directors</U>. An annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be called and held for
the purposes the election of officers and the transaction of any other business. If such meeting is held promptly after and at the place specified for the annual meeting of stockholders, no notice of the annual meeting of the Board of Directors need
be given. Otherwise, such annual meeting shall be held at such time (not more than thirty days after the annual meeting of stockholders) and place, if any, as may be specified in a notice of the meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.12&nbsp;<U>Regular Meetings</U>. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at the time and place, if any, within
or without the State of Delaware, as shall from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors. After there has been such determination and notice thereof has been given to each member of the Board of Directors, no further notice shall be
required for any such regular meeting. Except as otherwise provided by law, any business may be transacted at any regular meeting. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.13&nbsp;<U>Special Meetings</U>. Special meetings of the Board of Directors
may, unless otherwise prescribed by law, be called from time to time by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President, and shall be called by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the
Secretary upon the written request of a majority of the whole Board of Directors directed to the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary. Except as provided below, notice of any special meeting of the Board
of Directors, stating the time, place, if any, and purpose of such special meeting, shall be given to each Director. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.14&nbsp;<U>Notice of Meetings; Waiver of Notice</U>. Notice of any meeting of the Board of Directors shall be deemed to be duly
given to a Director (i)&nbsp;if mailed to such Director addressed to him or her at his or her address as the same appears on the records of the Corporation, or at the address last made known in writing to the Corporation by such Director as the
address to which such notices are to be sent, at least five days before the day on which such meeting is to be held, or (ii)&nbsp;if sent to him or her at such address by telegraph, cable, radio or wireless not later than the day before the day on
which such meeting is to be held, or (iii)&nbsp;if sent by facsimile transmission or electronic mail, when transmitted to a facsimile number or electronic mail address provided by the director for the purpose of receiving notice not later than the
day before the day on which such meeting is to be held, or (iv)&nbsp;if delivered to him or her personally or orally, by telephone or otherwise, not later than the day before the day on which such meeting is to be held. Each such notice shall state
the time and place, if any, of the meeting and the purposes thereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notice of any meeting of the Board of Directors need not be given to
any Director if waived by him or her in writing, including by facsimile transmission or electronic mail (or by telegram, cable, radio, or wireless and confirmed in writing), whether before or after the holding of such meeting, or if such Director is
present at such meeting. Any meeting of the Board of Directors shall be a duly constituted meeting without any notice thereof having been given if all Directors then in office shall be present thereat. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.15&nbsp;<U>Committees of Directors</U>. The Board of Directors may, by resolution or resolutions adopted by a majority of the
whole Board of Directors, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the Directors of the Corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except as herein provided, vacancies in membership of any committee shall be filled by the vote of a majority of the whole Board of Directors.
The Board of Directors may designate one or more Directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of any member of a committee, the
member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or she or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such
absent or disqualified member. Members of a committee shall hold office for such period as may be fixed by a resolution adopted by a majority of the whole Board of Directors, subject, however, to removal at any time by the vote of a majority of the
whole Board of Directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.16&nbsp;<U>Powers and Duties of Committees; Quorum and Voting</U>. Any committee, to the extent
provided in the resolution or resolutions creating such committee, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the
Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. No such committee shall have the power or authority with regard to amending the Certificate of Incorporation, adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation, recommending to the
stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the Corporation&#146;s property and assets, recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending these Bylaws. The
Board of Directors may, in the resolution creating a committee, grant to such committee the power and authority to declare a dividend or authorize the issuance of stock. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws provide otherwise, at all meetings of a committee of the Board of Directors, a
majority of the members of such committee shall be present to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The affirmative vote of the majority of the members of the committee present at a meeting of such committee at which a quorum is
present shall be the act of such committee unless the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or the Board of Directors shall require a vote of a greater number. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each committee may adopt its own rules of procedure and may meet at stated times or on such notice as such committee may determine. Except as
otherwise permitted by these Bylaws, each committee shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and report the same to the Board of Directors when required. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.17&nbsp;<U>Compensation of Directors</U>. Each Director shall be entitled to
receive for his or her service as a Director such compensation as is fixed by the Board of Directors and in connection therewith shall be reimbursed by the Corporation for travel expenses. The fees to such Directors may be fixed in unequal amounts
among them, taking into account their respective relationship to the Corporation in another capacity. These provisions shall not be construed to preclude any Director from receiving compensation for serving the Corporation in any other capacity.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.18&nbsp;<U>Action Without Meeting</U>. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws,
any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all Directors or members of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by
electronic transmission, and the writing or electronic transmission is filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or such committee in accordance with applicable law. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;IV </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OFFICERS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.1&nbsp;<U>Principal Officers</U>. The principal officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors and
shall include a Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, a President, a Secretary and a Treasurer and may, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, also include a Vice Chairman of the Board, one or more Vice Presidents, and a Chief
Financial Officer. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, one person may hold the offices and perform the duties of any two or more of said principal offices except the offices and duties of President and
Vice President or of Chairman of the Board or President and Secretary. None of the principal officers need be Directors of the Corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.2&nbsp;<U>Election of Principal Officers; Term of Office</U>. The principal officers of the Corporation shall be elected
annually by the Board of Directors at such annual meeting of the Board of Directors. Failure to elect any principal officer annually shall not dissolve the Corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If the Board of Directors shall fail to fill any principal office at an annual meeting, or if any vacancy in any principal office shall occur,
or if any principal office shall be newly created, such principal office may be filled at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each principal officer shall hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier death,
resignation or removal. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.3&nbsp;<U>Subordinate Officers, Agents and Employees</U>. In addition to the principal officers,
the Corporation may have one or more Assistant Treasurers, Assistant Secretaries, Vice Presidents who are not principal officers pursuant to Section&nbsp;4.1 and such other subordinate officers, agents and employees as the Board of Directors may
deem advisable, each of whom shall hold office for such period and have such authority and perform such duties as the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or any officer designated by the Board
of Directors, may from time to time determine. The Board of Directors at any time may appoint and remove, or may delegate to any principal officer the power to appoint and to remove, any subordinate officer, agent or employee of the Corporation.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.4&nbsp;<U>Delegation of Duties of Officers</U>. The Board of Directors may delegate the duties and powers of any officer
of the Corporation to any other officer or to any Director for a specified period of time for any reason that the Board of Directors may deem sufficient. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.5&nbsp;<U>Removal of Officers</U>. Any officer of the Corporation may be removed, with or without cause, by resolution adopted
by a majority of the Directors then in office at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors or by a written consent signed by all of the Directors then in office. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.6&nbsp;<U>Resignations</U>. Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice of resignation to the Board of
Directors, to the Chairman of the Board, to the Vice Chairman, to the Chief Executive Officer, to the President or to the Secretary. Any such resignation shall take effect upon receipt of such notice or at any later time specified therein. Unless
otherwise specified in the notice, the acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make the resignation effective. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.7&nbsp;<U>Chairman of the Board and Vice Chairman</U>. The Chairman of the
Board shall preside at all meetings of stockholders and of the Board of Directors at which he or she is present. The Chairman of the Board shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time
by the Board of Directors. Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, shall preside, when present, at all meetings of the stockholders and the
Board of Directors. The Vice Chairman of the Board shall have such other powers and shall perform such duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.8&nbsp;<U>Chief Executive Officer</U>. The Chief Executive Officer shall, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board, preside
at all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors at which he or she is present. The Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation shall be responsible for the administration of the Corporation, including general supervision of the
policies of the Corporation and general and active management of the financial affairs of the Corporation. The Chief Executive Officer also shall have such powers and perform such duties as are specifically imposed on him or her by law and as may be
assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.9&nbsp;<U>President</U>. The President shall, in the absence of the
Chairman of the Board, Vice Chairman and of the Chief Executive Officer, preside at all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors at which he or she is present. The President shall have all powers and duties usually incident to the
office of the President, except as specifically limited by a resolution of the Board of Directors. The President shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors.
The President, in the absence or disability of the Chief Executive Officer and upon the direction of the Board of Directors, shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chief Executive Officer. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.10&nbsp;<U>Vice President</U>. Each Vice President, if any, shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be assigned
to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. Any Vice President may have such additional designation in his or her title as the Board of Directors may determine. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.11&nbsp;<U>Secretary</U>. The Secretary shall act as Secretary of all meetings of stockholders and of the Board of Directors at
which he or she is present, shall record all the proceedings of all such meetings in a book to be kept for that purpose, shall have supervision over the giving and service of notices of the Corporation, and shall have supervision over the care and
custody of the records and seal of the Corporation. The Secretary shall be empowered to affix the corporate seal to documents, the execution of which on behalf of the Corporation under its seal is duly authorized, and when so affixed may attest the
same. The Secretary shall have all powers and duties usually incident to the office of Secretary, except as specifically limited by a resolution of the Board of Directors. The Secretary shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as
may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.12&nbsp;<U>Treasurer</U>. The Treasurer shall have general supervision over the care and custody of the funds and over the
receipts and disbursements of the Corporation and shall cause the funds of the Corporation to be deposited in the name of the Corporation in such banks or other depositaries as the Board of Directors may designate. The Treasurer shall have
supervision over the care and safekeeping of the securities of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall have all powers and duties usually incident to the office of Treasurer, except as specifically limited by a resolution of the Board of Directors. The
Treasurer shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.13&nbsp;<U>Chief Financial Officer</U>. The Chief Financial Officer shall be the chief accounting officer of the Corporation,
unless all or a portion of such duties and responsibilities are assigned to another officer by the Board of Directors, and shall have supervision over the maintenance and custody of the accounting operations of the Corporation, including the keeping
of accurate accounts of all receipts and disbursements and all other financial transactions. The Chief Financial Officer shall have all powers and duties usually incident to the office of Chief Financial Officer, except as specifically limited by a
resolution of the Board of Directors. The Chief Financial Officer shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President.
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.14&nbsp;<U>Bond</U>. The Board of Directors shall have power, to the extent
permitted by law, to require any officer, agent or employee of the Corporation to give bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties in such form and with such surety or sureties as the Board of Directors may determine. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;V </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>CAPITAL
STOCK </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.1&nbsp;<U>Stock Certificates; Uncertificated Shares</U>. The shares of capital stock in the Corporation shall be
represented by certificates, provided that the Board of Directors of the Corporation may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares that may be evidenced by a
book-entry system maintained by the registrar of such stock. Any such resolution shall not apply to any such shares represented by a certificate theretofore issued until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation or its transfer agent or
reported lost, stolen or destroyed pursuant to Section&nbsp;5.7 hereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of
uncertificated shares of any class or series of stock, the Corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required by law to be set forth or stated on certificates representing shares of such class
or series or a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series
thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.2&nbsp;<U>Signatures on
Stock Certificates</U>. Certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be signed by, or in the name of, the Corporation by any two authorized officers of the Corporation. Any of or all the signatures on the certificates may be a
facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, such
certificate may nevertheless be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such signer were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.3&nbsp;<U>Stock Ledger</U>. A record of all shares of capital stock issued by the Corporation shall be kept by the Secretary or
any other officer or employee of the Corporation designated by the Secretary or by any transfer clerk or transfer agent appointed pursuant to Section&nbsp;5.4 hereof. Such record shall show the name and address of the stockholder in which the shares
of capital stock are registered; the number of shares held by such stockholder; the numbers of the certificates covering such shares, if certificated; the date of each such certificate; and in case of certificates which have been cancelled, the
dates of cancellation thereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of shares of capital stock as shown on the
stock ledger as the owner thereof and as the person entitled to receive dividends thereon, to vote such shares and to receive notice of meetings, and for all other purposes. The Corporation shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other
claim to or interest in any share of capital stock on the part of any other person whether or not the Corporation shall have express or other notice thereof. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.4&nbsp;<U>Regulations Relating to Transfer</U>. The Board of Directors may make such rules and regulations as it may deem
expedient and not inconsistent with law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws concerning the issuance, transfer and registration of shares of capital stock of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may appoint, or authorize any
principal officer to appoint, one or more transfer clerks, transfer agents or registrars and may require all certificates for capital stock to bear the signature or signatures of any of them. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.5&nbsp;<U>Transfers</U>. Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate for shares
duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer, the Corporation shall issue a new certificate or evidence of the issuance of uncertificated shares to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old
certificate and record the transaction upon the Corporation&#146;s books. Upon the receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered owners of uncertificated shares, such uncertificated shares shall be cancelled, issuance of new equivalent
uncertificated or certificated shares shall be made to the person entitled thereto and the transaction shall be recorded upon the books of the Corporation. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.6&nbsp;<U>Cancellation</U>. Each certificate for capital stock surrendered to
the Corporation for exchange or transfer shall be cancelled and no new certificate or certificates shall be issued in exchange for any existing certificate (other than pursuant to Section&nbsp;5.7) until such existing certificate shall have been
cancelled. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.7&nbsp;<U>Lost, Destroyed, Stolen and Mutilated Certificates</U>. In the event that any certificate for shares
of capital stock of the Corporation shall be mutilated, the Corporation shall issue a new certificate or uncertificated shares in place of such mutilated certificate. In case any such certificate shall be lost, stolen or destroyed, the Corporation
may, in the discretion of the Board of Directors or a committee designated thereby with power so to act, issue a new certificate for capital stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate. The applicant
for any substituted certificate or certificates or uncertificated shares shall surrender any mutilated certificate or, in the case of any lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, furnish satisfactory proof of such loss, theft or destruction of such
certificate and of the ownership thereof. The Board of Directors or such committee may, in its discretion, require the owner of a lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his or her representatives, to furnish to the Corporation a bond with an
acceptable surety or sureties and in such sum as will be sufficient to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against it on account of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or
uncertificated shares. A new certificate or uncertificated shares may be issued without requiring a bond when, in the judgment of the Board of Directors, it is proper to do so. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.8&nbsp;<U>Fixing of Record Dates.</U> </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) <I>Stockholder Meetings; Adjournments</I>. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice
of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of
Directors, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60)&nbsp;nor less than ten (10)&nbsp;days before the date of such meeting. If the Board of Directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the
stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date
is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if
notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the
meeting;<I>&nbsp;provided</I>,<I>&nbsp;however</I>, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting and in such case shall also fix as the record date for
stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote therewith at the adjourned meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) <I>Stockholder Action by Consent.</I>&nbsp;In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent
to action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which date shall not be
more than ten (10)&nbsp;days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. Any stockholder of record seeking to have the stockholders authorize or take action by written consent shall, by
written notice to the Secretary of the Corporation, request the Board of Directors to fix a record date. The Board of Directors shall promptly, but in all events within ten (10)&nbsp;days after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a
resolution fixing the record date (unless a record date has previously been fixed by the Board of Directors pursuant to the first sentence of this Section&nbsp;5.8(b)). If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors within ten
(10)&nbsp;days of the date on which such a request is received, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by applicable law,
shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or any
officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation&#146;s </P>
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registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of
Directors is required by applicable law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the date on which the Board of Directors adopts the
resolution taking such prior action. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) <I>Distributions, Allotment of Rights, Exercise of Rights, and Other
Purposes</I>. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change,
conversion, or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record
date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the
resolution relating thereto. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;VI </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>INDEMNIFICATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6.1&nbsp;<U>Indemnification</U>. The Corporation shall indemnify and advance expenses to any officer, Director, employee or agent
to the full extent permitted by its Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or law. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;VII </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.1&nbsp;<U>Corporate Seal</U>. The seal of the Corporation shall be circular in form with the name of the Corporation in the
circumference and the words &#147;Corporate Seal, Delaware&#148; in the center. The seal may be used by causing it to be affixed or impressed, or a facsimile thereof may be reproduced or otherwise used in such manner as the Board of Directors may
determine. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.2&nbsp;<U>Fiscal Year</U>. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be from the 1st day of January through the
31st day of December, inclusive, in each year, or such other twelve consecutive months as the Board of Directors may designate. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.3&nbsp;<U>Waiver of Notice</U>. Whenever any notice is required to be given under any provision of law, the Certificate of
Incorporation or these Bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor
the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, Directors, or members of a committee of Directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice unless so required by the Certificate of Incorporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the
express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.4&nbsp;<U>Execution of Instruments, Contracts, Etc</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) All checks, drafts, bills of exchange, notes or other obligations or orders for the payment of money shall be signed in the
name of the Corporation by the President or such other officer or officers or person or persons, as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Except as otherwise provided by law, the Board of Directors, any committee given specific authority in the premises by the
Board of Directors, or any committee given authority to exercise generally the powers of the Board of Directors during the intervals between meetings of the Board of Directors, may authorize any officer, employee or agent, in the name of and on
behalf of the Corporation, to enter into or execute and deliver deeds, bonds, mortgages, contracts and other obligations or instruments, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) All applications, written instruments and papers required by or filed
with any department of the United States Government or any state, county, municipal or other governmental official or authority, may, if permitted by applicable law, be executed in the name of the Corporation by any principal officer or subordinate
officer of the Corporation, or, to the extent designated for such purpose from time to time by the Board of Directors, by an employee or agent of the Corporation. Such designation may contain the power to substitute, in the discretion of the person
named, one or more other persons. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.5&nbsp;<U>Conflict with Applicable Law or Certificate of Incorporation</U>. These Bylaws
are adopted subject to any applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation. Whenever these Bylaws may conflict with any applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, such conflict shall be resolved in favor of such law or the Certificate
of Incorporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;VIII </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDMENTS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;8.1&nbsp;<U>By Stockholders</U>. These Bylaws may be amended, altered or repealed, or new Bylaws may be adopted, at any meeting
of stockholders by the vote of the holders of not less than a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote thereat, provided that, in the case of a special meeting, notice that an amendment is to be considered and acted upon shall be
inserted in the notice or waiver of notice of said meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;8.2&nbsp;<U>By Directors</U>. To the extent permitted by the
Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws may be amended, altered or repealed, or new Bylaws may be adopted, at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole Board of Directors. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 10.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ADTRAN HOLDINGS, INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>POLICY FOR THE RECOVERY OF </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>1.
Purpose</B>. The purpose of this Policy is to describe the circumstances in which Executive Officers will be required to repay, return, or forfeit Erroneously Awarded Compensation to the Company. This Policy shall be interpreted to comply with Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10D-1</FONT> promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the related listing rules of the Exchange, and, to the extent this Policy is deemed inconsistent with such rules in any manner, this
Policy shall be treated as retroactively amended to be compliant with such rules. Capitalized terms shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in Section&nbsp;3 below. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>2. Administration</B>. This Policy shall be administered by the Committee. The Committee has full and final authority to make all determinations under this
Policy, in each case to the extent permitted under the listing rules of the Exchange and in compliance with (or pursuant to an exemption from the application of) Section&nbsp;409A of the Code. Any determinations made by the Committee shall be final
and binding on all affected individuals. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>3. Definitions</B>. For purposes of this Policy, the following capitalized terms shall have the meanings set
forth below. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) &#147;<B><I>Accounting Restatement</I></B>&#148; shall mean an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance
of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, including any required accounting restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial restatements that is material to the previously issued financial
statements (a &#147;Big R&#148; restatement), or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period (a &#147;little r&#148; restatement). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) &#147;<B><I>Board</I></B>&#148; shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) &#147;<B><I>Clawback Eligible Incentive Compensation</I></B>&#148; shall mean all Incentive-based Compensation Received by an Executive
Officer (i)&nbsp;on or after October&nbsp;2, 2023, (ii) after beginning service as an Executive Officer, (iii)&nbsp;who served as an Executive Officer at any time during the applicable performance period for such Incentive-based Compensation
(whether or not such Executive Officer is serving at the time the Erroneously Awarded Compensation is required to be repaid, returned, or forfeited to the Company Group), (iv) while the Company has a class of securities listed on a national
securities exchange or a national securities association, and (v)&nbsp;during the applicable Clawback Period. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) &#147;<B><I>Clawback
Period</I></B>&#148; shall mean, with respect to any Accounting Restatement, the three completed fiscal years of the Company immediately preceding the Restatement Date, including any transition period (that results from a change in the
Company&#146;s fiscal year) of less than nine months within or immediately following those three completed fiscal years. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) &#147;<B><I>Code</I></B>&#148; shall mean the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended. Any reference to a section of the Code or regulation thereunder includes such section or regulation, any valid regulation or other official guidance promulgated under such section, and any comparable provision of any future legislation or
regulation amending, supplementing, or superseding such section or regulation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) &#147;<B><I>Committee</I></B>&#148; shall mean the
Compensation Committee (if composed entirely of independent directors) of the Board, or, in the absence of such a committee, a majority of the independent directors serving on the Board. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g) &#147;<B><I>Company</I></B>&#148; shall mean ADTRAN Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(h) &#147;<B><I>Company Group</I></B>&#148; shall mean the Company, together with each of its direct and indirect subsidiaries. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) &#147;<B><I>Effective Date</I></B>&#148; shall mean October&nbsp;2, 2023. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(j) &#147;<B><I>Erroneously Awarded Compensation</I></B>&#148; shall mean, with respect to each Executive Officer in connection with an
Accounting Restatement, the amount of Clawback Eligible Incentive Compensation Received that exceeds the amount of Incentive-based Compensation that otherwise would have been Received had it been determined based on the restated amounts, computed
without regard to any taxes paid. For Incentive-based Compensation based on (or derived from) stock price or total stockholder return where the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the
information in the applicable Accounting Restatement, the amount shall be determined by the Committee based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Accounting Restatement on the stock price or total stockholder return upon which the
Incentive-based Compensation was Received (in which case, the Company shall maintain documentation of such determination of that reasonable estimate and provide such documentation to the Exchange). With respect to any compensation plans or programs
of the Company Group that take into account Incentive-Based Compensation, the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation subject to recovery (or, to the extent such amount has not yet been paid, forfeiture) under this Policy includes, but is not
limited to, the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation credited to any notional account and any notional earnings attributable thereto. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(k) &#147;<B><I>Exchange</I></B>&#148; shall mean a national securities exchange or national securities association on which the Company has
listed securities. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(l) &#147;<B><I>Executive Officer</I></B>&#148; shall mean each individual who is currently or was previously
designated as an &#147;officer&#148; of the Company in accordance with Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">16a-1(f)</FONT> of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(m) &#147;<B><I>Financial Reporting Measure</I></B>&#148; shall mean a measure that is determined and presented in accordance with the
accounting principles used in preparing the Company&#146;s financial statements, and any other measure that is derived wholly or in part from such measure. Stock price and total stockholder return (and any measure that is derived wholly or in part
from stock price or total stockholder return) shall be considered Financial Reporting Measures for purposes of this Policy. For the avoidance of doubt, a Financial Reporting Measure need not be presented in the Company&#146;s financial statements or
included in a filing with the SEC. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(n) &#147;<B><I>Incentive-based Compensation</I></B>&#148; shall mean any compensation that
is granted, earned or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(o)
&#147;<B><I>Policy</I></B>&#148; shall mean this Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation, as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(p) &#147;<B><I>Received</I></B>&#148; shall, with respect to any Incentive-based Compensation, mean deemed receipt, and Incentive-based
Compensation shall be deemed received in the Company&#146;s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive-based Compensation award is attained, even if payment or grant of the Incentive-based Compensation
occurs after the end of that period (subject to applicable law, including any Incentive-based Compensation the payment of which has been deferred). For the avoidance of doubt, Incentive-based Compensation that is subject to both a Financial
Reporting Measure vesting condition and a service-based vesting condition shall be considered received when the relevant Financial Reporting Measure is achieved, even if the Incentive-based Compensation continues to be subject to the service-based
vesting condition. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(q) &#147;<B><I>Restatement Date</I></B>&#148; shall mean the earlier to occur of (i)&nbsp;the date the Board, a
committee of the Board or the officers of the Company authorized to take such action if Board action is not required, concludes, or reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, or (ii)&nbsp;the
date a court, regulator, or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare an Accounting Restatement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(r)
&#147;<B><I>SEC</I></B>&#148; shall mean the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>4.</B> <B>Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation</B>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) In the event that the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, the Company must recover, reasonably promptly, Erroneously
Awarded Compensation Received by any Executive Officer during the applicable Clawback Period, in amounts determined by the Committee pursuant to this Policy. The Company&#146;s obligation to recover Erroneously Awarded Compensation is not dependent
on if or when the Company files restated financial statements. Recovery under this Policy with respect to an Executive Officer shall not require the finding of any misconduct by such Executive Officer or such Executive Officer being found
responsible for the accounting error leading to an Accounting Restatement. In the event of an Accounting Restatement, the Committee shall determine, in its sole and absolute discretion, the timing and method for promptly recovering Erroneously
Awarded Compensation hereunder, including, without limitation, the cancellation of or offsetting against any planned future cash or equity-based awards, to the extent permitted under the listing rules of the Exchange and in compliance with (or
pursuant to an exemption from the application of) Section&nbsp;409A of the Code. The Committee has the power, in its sole discretion, to retain or obtain the advice of a compensation consultant, legal counsel or other adviser as it deems necessary
or appropriate to carry out its duties under this Policy. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">3 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to
take the actions contemplated by Section&nbsp;4(a) above to the extent that one or more of the following conditions are met and the Committee determines that recovery would therefore be impracticable: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) The direct expense paid to a third party to assist in enforcing this Policy against an Executive Officer would exceed the amount to be
recovered, after the Company has made a reasonable attempt to recover the applicable Erroneously Awarded Compensation, documented such attempts and provided such documentation to the Exchange; or </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) Recovery would likely cause an otherwise <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">tax-qualified</FONT> retirement plan, under which benefits are
broadly available to employees of any member of the Company Group, to fail to meet the requirements of Section&nbsp;401(a)(13) or Section&nbsp;411(a) of the Code. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>5. Reporting and Disclosure</B>. The Company shall file all disclosures with respect to this Policy in accordance with the requirements of the federal
securities laws, including the disclosures required by applicable SEC filings. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>6. Indemnification Prohibition</B>. No member of the Company Group
shall be permitted to indemnify any Executive Officer against the loss of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation that is repaid, returned, recovered, or forfeited pursuant to the terms of this Policy, including any payment or reimbursement for the
cost of third-party insurance purchased by an Executive Officer to cover such losses incurred under this Policy. Further, no member of the Company Group shall enter into any agreement that exempts any Incentive-based Compensation from the
application of this Policy or that waives the Company Group&#146;s right to recovery of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation, and this Policy shall supersede any such agreement (whether entered into before, on, or after the Effective Date). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>7. Interpretation</B>. The Committee is authorized to interpret and construe this Policy and to make all determinations necessary, appropriate, or
advisable for the administration of this Policy. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>8. Effective Date</B>. This Policy shall be effective as of the Effective Date. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>9. Amendment</B>; <B>Termination</B>. The Board may amend this Policy from time to time in its discretion and shall amend this Policy as it deems
necessary, including as and when it determines that it is legally required by any federal securities laws, SEC rules, or the listing rules of the Exchange. The Board may terminate this Policy at any time. Notwithstanding anything in this
Section&nbsp;9 to the contrary, no amendment or termination of this Policy shall be effective if such amendment or termination would (after taking into account any actions taken by the Company contemporaneously with such amendment or termination)
cause the Company to violate any federal securities laws, SEC rules or the listing rules of the Exchange. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">4 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>10. Acknowledgment; Benefits Conditioned on Agreeing to this Policy.</B> Each Executive Officer shall be
required to sign and return to the Company, within thirty (30)&nbsp;calendar days following the later of (i)&nbsp;the Effective Date of this Policy or (ii)&nbsp;the date the individual becomes an Executive Officer, the Acknowledgment Form attached
hereto as <U>Exhibit A</U>, pursuant to which such Executive Officer will agree to be bound by the terms of this Policy. Any employment agreement, equity award agreement, compensatory plan or any other agreement or arrangement with an Executive
Officer shall be deemed to include, as a condition to the grant or receipt of any benefit thereunder, an agreement by the Executive Officer to abide by, and for such Executive Officer and his/her Incentive-based Compensation to be subject to, the
terms of this Policy. For the avoidance of doubt, each Executive Officer will be fully bound by, and must comply with, this Policy, whether or not such Executive Officer has executed and returned such Acknowledgment Form to the Company. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>11. Other Recoupment Rights; Company Claims</B>. The Board intends that this Policy will be applied to the fullest extent of the law. This Policy should be
considered as a supplement to any other clawback policy in effect now or in the future at the Company or any other member of the Company Group, and if such other policy provides that a greater amount of compensation shall be subject to clawback,
such other policy shall apply to the amount in excess of the amount subject to clawback under this Policy. Any right of recoupment (or right to apply a forfeiture) under this Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights
of recoupment (or forfeiture) that may be available to the Company Group under applicable law, regulation, or rule or pursuant to the terms of any similar policy in any employment agreement, compensation plan or program, award agreement, or similar
document and any other legal remedies available to the Company Group, in each case to the extent permitted under the listing rules of the Exchange and in compliance with (or pursuant to an exemption from the application of) Section&nbsp;409A of the
Code. Nothing contained in this Policy, and no recoupment, recovery, or forfeiture as contemplated by this Policy, shall limit any claims, damages, or other legal remedies the Company Group may have against an Executive Officer arising out of or
resulting from any actions or omissions by the Executive Officer. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>11.</B> <B>Successors</B>. This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all
Executive Officers and their beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">5 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Exhibit A </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ADTRAN HOLDINGS, INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>POLICY FOR THE RECOVERY OF </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ACKNOWLEDGMENT FORM </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">By
signing below, the undersigned acknowledges and confirms that the undersigned has received and reviewed a copy of the ADTRAN Holdings, Inc. Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation (the &#147;<B><I>Policy</I></B>&#148;).
Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Acknowledgment Form (this &#147;<B><I>Acknowledgment Form</I></B>&#148;) shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Policy. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">By signing this Acknowledgment Form, the undersigned acknowledges and agrees that the undersigned and the undersigned&#146;s Incentive-based
Compensation are and will continue to be subject to the Policy and that the Policy will apply both during and after the undersigned&#146;s employment with any member of the Company Group. In the event of any inconsistency or conflict between the
Policy and any prior, existing or future employment agreement, compensation plan or program, award agreement or similar document to which the undersigned is or becomes a party or that otherwise is or becomes applicable to the undersigned
(collectively, &#147;<B><I>compensation arrangements</I></B>&#148;), the undersigned acknowledges and agrees that the Policy shall govern such compensation arrangements, and all such compensation arrangements are hereby automatically deemed amended
to the extent necessary to give effect to the Policy. Further, by signing below, the undersigned agrees to abide by the terms of the Policy, including, without limitation, by (i)&nbsp;waiving any rights to indemnification or any claim to insurance
under a policy paid for by the Company, in either case in connection with the recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation under the Policy and (ii)&nbsp;returning any Erroneously Awarded Compensation to the extent required by the Policy. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
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<TD VALIGN="top">Signature:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Print&nbsp;Name:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Date:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV>
</DIV></Center>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-10.2
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>d513183dex102.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EX-10.2
<TEXT>
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>EX-10.2</TITLE>
</HEAD>
 <BODY BGCOLOR="WHITE" STYLE="line-height:Normal">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 10.2 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDED AND RESTATED CLAWBACK POLICY </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">On January&nbsp;18, 2011, the Board of Directors (the &#147;Board&#148;) of ADTRAN, Inc., the predecessor of ADTRAN Holdings, Inc. (the
&#147;Company&#148;), formally approved, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board (the &#147;Committee&#148;), this policy of recoupment for incentive-based compensation in certain circumstances (this &#147;Policy&#148;).
This Policy was assumed by the Company on July&nbsp;6, 2022, and it was amended and restated effective as of October&nbsp;2, 2023. This Policy was originally adopted in order to comply with Section&nbsp;954 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and
Consumer Protection Act (&#147;Section&nbsp;954&#148;) prior to the time that the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#147;SEC&#148;) and The Nasdaq Stock Market (&#147;Nasdaq&#148;) adopted final rules implementing Section&nbsp;954, and to
help ensure executive officers act in the best interests of the Company. The SEC adopted final rules implementing Section&nbsp;954 effective January&nbsp;27, 2023, and Nasdaq adopted listing rules in compliance with such SEC rules effective
October&nbsp;2, 2023. In order to comply with Nasdaq listing rules, the Company has adopted a new Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation (the &#147;Recoupment Policy&#148;), which Recoupment Policy applies with respect to all
compensation Received (as defined in the Recoupment Policy) on or after October&nbsp;2, 2023. This Policy applies to incentive compensation Received prior to October&nbsp;2, 2023. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Following an accounting restatement due to material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirements under the securities laws, the
Company will recover, to the extent permitted by governing law, any incentive compensation awarded, earned, vested or paid to its executive officers (as such term is defined by the Securities Exchange Commission) to the extent&#146; such incentive
compensation was paid or settled as the result of the achievement of financial results that were subsequently the subject of such restatement due to material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under the federal securities laws,
regardless of individual fault. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">This Policy applies to any incentive compensation settled with or paid to an executive officer by the
Company prior to October&nbsp;2, 2023. Subsequent changes in status, including retirement or termination of employment, do not affect the Company&#146;s rights to recover compensation under this Policy. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Committee will administer this Policy and exercise its discretion and business judgment in the fair application of this Policy based on
the facts and circumstances as it deems relevant in its sole discretion. More specifically, the Committee shall determine the appropriate amounts to recoup, the officers from whom such amounts shall be recouped and the timing and form of recoupment;
provided, that only compensation paid or settled during the three-year period preceding the date on which the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement shall be subject to recoupment; provided further, that the recoupment shall not
exceed the portion of applicable incentive compensation that is in excess of the amount of incentive compensation that would have been paid or settled based on the actual, restated financial statements. For avoidance of doubt, the Company may set
off the amounts of any such required recoupment against any amounts otherwise owed by the Company to an executive officer as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, to the extent any such offset complies with the requirements of
Section&nbsp;409A of the Internal Revenue Code and the guidance issued thereunder. </P>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If any restatement of the Company&#146;s financial results indicates that the Company should
have made higher performance-based payments than those actually made for a period affected by the restatement, then the Committee shall have discretion, but not the obligation, to cause the Company to make appropriate incremental payments to
affected officers then-currently employed by the Company. The Committee will determine, in its sole discretion, the amount, form and timing of any such incremental payments, which shall be no more than the difference between the amount of incentive
compensation that was paid or awarded and the amount that would have been paid or granted based on the actual, restated financial statements. </P>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ADTRAN HOLDINGS, INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDED AND RESTATED CLAWBACK AGREEMENT </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ADTRAN Holdings, Inc. (the &#147;<B>Company</B>&#148;) has adopted an Amended and Restated Clawback Policy (the &#147;<B>Policy</B>&#148;)
that requires executive officers who receive incentive based compensation to agree to the terms of this Clawback Agreement (this &#147;<B>Agreement</B>&#148;). The Policy provides for the recoupment of certain executive incentive based compensation
received in error as determined by accounting restatements resulting from material noncompliance with financial reporting requirements under the federal securities laws. Capitalized terms used but not defined in this Agreement shall have the meaning
ascribed to such terms in the Policy. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>1.</B><B></B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Covered Executives</U></B><B><U>.</U></B><B> </B>The Policy applies to the Company&#146;s current
and former executive officers, as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company (the &#147;<B>Board</B>&#148;) in accordance with Section&nbsp;10D of the Exchange Act and the listing standards of the national securities exchange on which the
Company&#146;s securities are listed, and such other executives who may from time to time be deemed subject to the Policy by the Board (&#147;<B>Covered Executives</B>&#148;).<B><U> </U></B> </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>2.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Incentive Compensation.</U></B><B> </B>For purposes of the Policy and this Agreement,
&#147;<B>Incentive Compensation</B>&#148; means any of the following provided that such compensation is granted, earned, or vested based wholly or in part on the attainment of a financial reporting measure, annual bonuses and other short- and
long-term cash incentives; stock options; stock appreciation rights; restricted stock; restricted stock units; performance shares; and performance units. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>3.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Applicable Period.</U></B><B> </B>This Agreement shall only apply to Incentive Compensation that
is Received (as defined in the Recoupment Policy) by the Covered Executive prior to October&nbsp;2, 2023. Effective as of October&nbsp;2, 2023, the Compensation Committee of the Board formally approved a new Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously
Awarded Compensation (the &#147;<B>Recoupment Policy</B>&#148;). Incentive Compensation Received (as defined in the Recoupment Policy) by the Covered Executive on or after October&nbsp;2, 2023 will be subject to the terms of the Recoupment Policy
and will not be subject to this Agreement or the Policy. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>4.</B><B></B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Recoupment; Accounting Restatem</U></B><B><U>ent.</U></B><B> </B>In the event the Company is
required to prepare an accounting restatement of its financial statements due to the Company&#146;s material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, the Board requires reimbursement or forfeiture of any
excess Incentive Compensation received by the Covered Executive during the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the date on which the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement.<B><U> </U></B> </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>5.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Excess Incentive Compensation: Amount Subject to Recovery.</U></B><B> </B>The amount to be
recovered will be the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">after-tax</FONT> value of the excess of the Incentive Compensation paid to the Covered Executive based on the erroneous data over the Incentive Compensation that would have been paid to the
Covered Executive had it been based on the restated results, as determined by the Board. If the Board cannot determine the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">after-tax</FONT> amount of excess Incentive Compensation received by the Covered Executive
directly from the information in the accounting restatement, then the Board will make its determination based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the accounting restatement. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>6.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Method of Recoupment.</U></B> The Board will determine, in its sole discretion, the method for
recouping excess Incentive Compensation hereunder which may include, without limitation: (a)&nbsp;requiring reimbursement of cash Incentive Compensation previously paid; (b)&nbsp;seeking recovery of any gain realized on the vesting, exercise,
settlement, sale, transfer, or other disposition of any equity-based awards; (c)&nbsp;offsetting the recouped amount from any compensation otherwise owed by the Company to the Covered Executive; (d)&nbsp;cancelling outstanding vested or unvested
equity awards; and (e)&nbsp;taking any other remedial and recovery action permitted by law, as determined by the Board. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>7.</B><B></B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>No Indemnification.</U></B> The Company shall not indemnify any Covered Executives against the
loss of any incorrectly awarded Incentive Compensation. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>8.</B><B></B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Interpretation</U></B><B><U>.</U></B> Covered Executive understands that the Board is authorized
to interpret and construe the Policy and to make all determinations necessary, appropriate, or advisable for the administration of the Policy and this Agreement. It is intended that the Policy be interpreted in a manner that is consistent with the
requirements of Section&nbsp;10D of the Exchange Act and any applicable rules or standards adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission or any national securities exchange on which the Company&#146;s securities are listed.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>9.</B><B></B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Other Recoupment Rights</U></B><B><U>.</U></B> The Board intends that the Policy will be applied
to the fullest extent of the law. The Board may require that any employment agreement, equity award agreement, or similar agreement entered into on or after this Agreement has been executed shall, as a condition to the grant of any benefit
thereunder, require a Covered Executive to execute this Agreement agreeing to the terms of the Policy. Any right of recoupment under the Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights of recoupment that may be available
to the Company pursuant to the terms of any similar policy in any employment agreement, equity award agreement, or similar agreement and any other legal remedies available to the Company. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>10.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><B><U>Impracticability.</U></B> The Board shall recover any excess Incentive Compensation in accordance
with the Policy unless such recovery would be impracticable, as determined by Board after considering any applicable regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission and/or the listing standards of the national securities exchange on which the
Company&#146;s securities are listed. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">AGREED TO as of [____].<B><U></U></B> </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="10%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="89%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">EXECUTIVE:</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Date:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV>
</DIV></Center>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>adtn-20231018.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
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<!-- CTU Version: Release master Build:20221108.6 -->
<!-- Creation date: 10/24/2023 11:28:37 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
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    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2022/naics-2022.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2022" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" />
  <xsd:annotation>
    <xsd:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="adtn-20231018_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Label Links, all" xlink:type="simple" />
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="adtn-20231018_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Presentation Links, all" xlink:type="simple" />
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.adtran.com//20231018/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" id="Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
        <link:definition>100000 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xsd:appinfo>
  </xsd:annotation>
</xsd:schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>adtn-20231018_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Release master Build:20221108.6 -->
<!-- Creation date: 10/24/2023 11:28:37 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:labelLink xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
  </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>adtn-20231018_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Release master Build:20221108.6 -->
<!-- Creation date: 10/24/2023 11:28:37 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase
    xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.adtran.com//20231018/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:href="adtn-20231018.xsd#Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:type="simple" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140078958834576">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 18, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000926282<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct. 18,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">ADTRAN Holdings, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-41446<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">87-2164282<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">901 Explorer Boulevard<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Huntsville<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">AL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">35806-2807<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(256)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">963-8000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Security 12b Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, Par Value $0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">ADTN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
