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Fair Value Measurements | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements The Company measures its cash equivalents at fair value based on an expected exit price as defined by the authoritative guidance on fair value measurements, which represents the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability, as the case may be, in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis whereby inputs, used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value: •Level 1: Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. •Level 2: Inputs reflect: quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. •Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available. Financial Assets and Liabilities The carrying amount of cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature. The Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by level, within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are summarized as follows:
| September 30, 2025
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
| (In thousands)
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents - money market funds | $ | 51,739 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 51,739 |
Total assets | $ | 51,739 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 51,739 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Warrants liability | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,443 |  |  | $ | 7,443 |
Total liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,443 |  |  | $ | 7,443 |
| December 31, 2024
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
| (In thousands)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents - money market funds | $ | 105,772 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 105,772 |
Total assets | $ | 105,772 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 105,772 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Warrants liability | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17,498 |  |  | $ | 17,498 |
Total liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17,498 |  |  | $ | 17,498 |
In determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as considers counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value. Observable or market inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions based on the best information available. The Company’s money market funds are measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on quoted market prices in active markets and are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. The Company’s Warrants liability was measured at fair value on a recurring basis and was classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Significant changes in unobservable inputs could result in significantly lower or higher fair value measurements. On a nonrecurring basis, the Company uses fair value measures when analyzing asset impairment. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If it is determined such indicators are present and the review indicates that the assets will not be fully recoverable, based on undiscounted estimated cash flows over the remaining amortization periods, their carrying values are reduced to estimated fair value. Estimated fair values are Level 3 measures in the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of outstanding balances of the Notes as of the dates presented are as follows:
| Level of Hierarchy |  | Fair Value |  | Principal Balance |  | Unamortized Debt Discount |  | Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs |  | Net Carrying Value
|  |  | (In thousands)
September 30, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2026 Notes | 2 |  | $ | 8,553 |  |  | $ | 20,125 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (94) |  |  | $ | 20,031 |
2029 Notes | 3 |  | $ | 197,913 |  |  | $ | 214,374 |  |  | $ | (27,451) |  |  | $ | (6,495) |  |  | $ | 180,428 |
Second Lien Notes | 3 |  | $ | 68,122 |  |  | $ | 181,952 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 181,952 |
December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2026 Notes | 2 |  | $ | 164,348 |  |  | $ | 361,204 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (2,757) |  |  | $ | 358,447 |
2029 Notes | 3 |  | $ | 180,360 |  |  | $ | 207,125 |  |  | $ | (31,137) |  |  | $ | (7,365) |  |  | $ | 168,623 |
Management determined the fair value of 2026 Notes by using Level 2 inputs based on observable market prices for the instrument and similar instruments. Management determined the fair value of the 2029 Notes as of September 30, 2025 by using Level 3 inputs, including volatility of 15.00%, yield of 16.00%, risk-free rate of 3.66%, and credit spread of 12.03%. Management determined the fair value of the Second Lien Notes as of September 30, 2025 by using Level 3 inputs, including the volatility of 15.00%, yield of 25.00%, and risk-free rate of 3.69% and credit spread of 23.10%. A change in those inputs to a different amount might result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. Warrants The Company recorded the fair value of the Warrants upon issuance using the Black-Scholes valuation model and is required to revalue these Warrants at each reporting date with any changes in fair value recorded on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. The valuation of the Warrants was classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy and is influenced by the fair value of the underlying, or notional amount of, common stock of the Company. A summary of the Black-Scholes pricing model assumptions used to record the fair value of the Warrants as of September 30, 2025 is as follows:
Stock price | $8.70
Risk free rate | 4.06%
Expected life (in years) | 8.68
Expected volatility | 83.00%
Any significant changes in the inputs may result in significantly higher or lower fair value measurements. Refer to Note 8 – Senior Notes, Capped Call Transactions, Warrants and Preferred Stock for additional information. The changes in fair value of the Level 3 Warrants of the dates presented are as follows:
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
| (In thousands)
Balance, beginning of year | $ | 17,498 |  |  | $ | — |
Issuance of Warrants | — |  |  | 5,266 |
Settlement of Warrants | (1,297) |  |  | — |
Change in the fair value | (8,758) |  |  | 12,232 |
Balance, end of period | $ | 7,443 |  |  | $ | 17,498 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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