0001296445 ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. false --12-31 Q1 2024 163 90 3,010,086 2,802,920 349,731 376,602 10,334 9,326 0 0 28 29 9,128 7,889 4,877 3,056 7,564 8,146 0.001 0.001 200,000,000 200,000,000 60,421,682 60,421,682 60,358,887 60,358,887 258,667 258,667 0.12 0.12 http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#SecuredOvernightFinancingRateSofrMember http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#SecuredOvernightFinancingRateSofrMember http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#SecuredOvernightFinancingRateSofrMember 0 12.4 0 0 3 0 June 5, 2024 2017 2022 false false false false This amount relates to interest rate swap contracts valued primarily based on the present value of the interest rate swap future settlement prices based on USD zero yield curve as of March 31, 2024. This amount is included within “Prepaid expenses and other”, “Deposits and other”, "Accounts payable and accrued expenses", or “Other long-term liabilities”, as applicable, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets on March 31, 2024. There are no cash collateral deposits on March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The foregoing cross currency swap transactions were designated as a cash flow hedge as further described under Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. The changes in the cross currency swap fair value are initially recorded in "Other comprehensive income (loss)" and a corresponding amount is reclassified out of "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)" to "Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses)" to offset the remeasurement of the underlying hedged transaction which also impacts the same line item in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Carrying amount value excludes the related deferred financing costs. The foregoing currency forward and price swap transactions were not designated as hedge transactions and were marked to market with the corresponding gains or losses recognized within “Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses)” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The price swap transaction was related to a hedging agreement with a third party that was effective January 1, 2021 under which the Company fixed the price per MWh on a portion of RRS provided by its Rabbit Hill storage facility, as described under Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. The price swap transaction was terminated effective April 1, 2021. The gross amount of trade receivables was fully collected subsequent to acquisition date. These amounts relate to currency forward contracts valued primarily based on observable inputs, including forward and spot prices for currencies, net of contracted rates and then multiplied by notional amounts, and are included within “Receivables, other” or “Accounts payable and accrued expenses”, as applicable, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets on March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, with the corresponding gain or loss being recognized within “Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses)” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Intersegment revenues are fully eliminated in consolidation. Goodwill is primarily related to the expected synergies, potential cost savings in operations as a result of the purchase transaction as well as potential future development of the greenfield assets. The goodwill is allocated to the Electricity segment and is deductible for tax purposes. The fair value of Property, Plant and equipment was estimated by applying the income approach and utilizing the discounted cash flow method. This methodology assesses the value of tangible assets by computing the anticipated cash flows expected to be generated by the respective assets. Electricity segment revenues in foreign countries are all accounted for under lease accounting. Product segment revenues in foreign countries are all accounted for under ASC 606. These amounts relate to cross currency swap contracts valued primarily based on the present value of the cross currency swap future settlement prices for U.S. Dollar (“USD”) and New Israeli Shekel (“NIS”) zero yield curves and the applicable exchange rate as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, as applicable. These amounts are included within “Prepaid expenses and other”, “Deposits and other”, "Accounts payable and accrued expenses", or “Other long-term liabilities”, as applicable, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets on March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Cash collateral deposits in the amount of $10.4 million and $10.6 million as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively, are presented under “Other receivables” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Electricity segment revenues in the United States are all accounted for under lease accounting except for $44.8 million in three months ended March 31, 2024, and $32.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, that are accounted for under ASC 606. Product and Energy Storage segment revenues in the United States are accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), except for Energy Storage revenues of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and none for the three months ended March 31, 2023, that are accounted for under lease accounting. Contract assets and contract liabilities are presented as "Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts" and "Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts", respectively, on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The contract liabilities balance at the beginning of the year was not yet fully recognized as product revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as a result of performance obligations having not been fully satisfied yet. Electricity segment assets include goodwill in the amount of $146.5 million and $85.8 million as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Energy Storage segment assets include goodwill in the amount of $4.6 million and $4.6 million as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. No goodwill is included in the Product segment assets as of March 31, 2024 and 2023. Intangible assets are related to the long-term electricity PPAs described above and are amortized over the term of those PPAs. The fair value of the intangible assets was estimated by applying the income approach and utilizing the Comparative Method of discounted cash flow. 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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

☑ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

| For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024

or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
| For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-32347

ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware | 88-0326081
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
6140 Plumas Street, Reno, Nevada | 89519-6075
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

(775) 356-9029

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer | ☑ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☐
Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☑ No

As of May 1, 2024, the number of outstanding shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, was 60,421,682.

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock | ORA | NYSE

Table of Contents

ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2024

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 4
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 28
ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 52
ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 52
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION |
ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | 53
ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS | 53
ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 53
ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES | 53
ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES | 53
ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION | 53
ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS | 53
SIGNATURES | 55

ii

Table of Contents

Certain Definitions

Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this quarterly report to “Ormat”, “the Company”, “we”, “us”, “our company”, “Ormat Technologies” or “our” refer to Ormat Technologies, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

iii

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

|  | March 31, 2024 |  |  | December 31, 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
ASSETS |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 201,506 |  |  | $ | 195,808 |
Restricted cash and cash equivalents (primarily related to VIEs) |  |  | 97,455 |  |  |  | 91,962 |
Receivables: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade less allowance for credit losses of $163 and $90 respectively (primarily related to VIEs) |  |  | 154,557 |  |  |  | 208,704 |
Other |  |  | 33,916 |  |  |  | 44,530 |
Inventories |  |  | 53,874 |  |  |  | 45,037 |
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts |  |  | 23,616 |  |  |  | 18,367 |
Prepaid expenses and other |  |  | 44,311 |  |  |  | 41,595 |
Total current assets |  |  | 609,235 |  |  |  | 646,003 |
Investment in unconsolidated companies |  |  | 127,386 |  |  |  | 125,439 |
Deposits and other |  |  | 43,832 |  |  |  | 44,631 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 173,627 |  |  |  | 152,570 |
Property, plant and equipment, net ($3,010,086 and $2,802,920 related to VIEs, respectively) |  |  | 3,220,246 |  |  |  | 2,998,949 |
Construction-in-process ($349,731 and $376,602 related to VIEs, respectively) |  |  | 837,205 |  |  |  | 814,967 |
Operating leases right of use ($10,334 and $9,326 related to VIEs, respectively) |  |  | 27,318 |  |  |  | 24,057 |
Finance leases right of use (none related to VIEs) |  |  | 3,216 |  |  |  | 3,510 |
Intangible assets, net |  |  | 323,657 |  |  |  | 307,609 |
Goodwill |  |  | 151,122 |  |  |  | 90,544 |
Total assets |  | $ | 5,516,844 |  |  | $ | 5,208,279 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | $ | 197,035 |  |  | $ | 214,518 |
Short term revolving credit lines with banks (full recourse) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20,000 |
Commercial paper (less deferred financing costs of $28 and $29, respectively) |  |  | 99,972 |  |  |  | 99,971 |
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts |  |  | 21,376 |  |  |  | 18,669 |
Current portion of long-term debt: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Limited and non-recourse (primarily related to VIEs) |  |  | 68,211 |  |  |  | 57,207 |
Full recourse |  |  | 150,835 |  |  |  | 116,864 |
Financing liability |  |  | 3,620 |  |  |  | 5,141 |
Operating lease liabilities |  |  | 3,914 |  |  |  | 3,329 |
Finance lease liabilities |  |  | 1,291 |  |  |  | 1,313 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 546,254 |  |  |  | 537,012 |
Long-term debt, net of current portion: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Limited and non-recourse (primarily related to VIEs and less deferred financing costs of $9,128 and $7,889, respectively) |  |  | 557,946 |  |  |  | 447,389 |
Full recourse (less deferred financing costs of $4,877 and $3,056, respectively) |  |  | 835,841 |  |  |  | 698,187 |
Convertible senior notes (less deferred financing costs of $7,564 and $8,146, respectively) |  |  | 423,686 |  |  |  | 423,104 |
Financing liability |  |  | 219,682 |  |  |  | 220,619 |
Operating lease liabilities |  |  | 22,273 |  |  |  | 19,790 |
Finance lease liabilities |  |  | 1,979 |  |  |  | 2,238 |
Liability associated with sale of tax benefits |  |  | 175,586 |  |  |  | 184,612 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 74,967 |  |  |  | 66,748 |
Liability for unrecognized tax benefits |  |  | 9,255 |  |  |  | 8,673 |
Liabilities for severance pay |  |  | 10,703 |  |  |  | 11,844 |
Asset retirement obligation |  |  | 123,087 |  |  |  | 114,370 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 28,954 |  |  |  | 22,107 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 3,030,213 |  |  |  | 2,756,693 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Redeemable noncontrolling interest |  |  | 10,112 |  |  |  | 10,599 |
Equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company's stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 60,421,682 and 60,358,887 issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2022, respectively |  |  | 60 |  |  |  | 60 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 1,619,593 |  |  |  | 1,614,769 |
Treasury stock, at cost (258,667 shares held as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively) |  |  | (17,964 | ) |  |  | (17,964 | )
Retained earnings |  |  | 751,238 |  |  |  | 719,894 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | (843 | ) |  |  | (1,332 | )
Total stockholders' equity attributable to Company's stockholders |  |  | 2,352,084 |  |  |  | 2,315,427 |
Noncontrolling interest |  |  | 124,435 |  |  |  | 125,560 |
Total equity |  |  | 2,476,519 |  |  |  | 2,440,987 |
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and equity |  | $ | 5,516,844 |  |  | $ | 5,208,279 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Table of Contents

ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  | $ | 191,253 |  |  | $ | 170,310 |
Product |  |  | 24,832 |  |  |  | 10,042 |
Energy storage |  |  | 8,081 |  |  |  | 4,880 |
Total revenues |  |  | 224,166 |  |  |  | 185,232 |
Cost of revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  |  | 116,730 |  |  |  | 94,758 |
Product |  |  | 21,154 |  |  |  | 9,351 |
Energy storage |  |  | 7,472 |  |  |  | 5,054 |
Total cost of revenues |  |  | 145,356 |  |  |  | 109,163 |
Gross profit |  |  | 78,810 |  |  |  | 76,069 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development expenses |  |  | 1,564 |  |  |  | 1,288 |
Selling and marketing expenses |  |  | 5,126 |  |  |  | 3,948 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 19,537 |  |  |  | 17,667 |
Operating income |  |  | 52,583 |  |  |  | 53,166 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  |  | 1,839 |  |  |  | 1,851 |
Interest expense, net |  |  | (30,968 | ) |  |  | (23,631 | )
Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses) |  |  | (1,582 | ) |  |  | (1,937 | )
Income attributable to sale of tax benefits |  |  | 17,476 |  |  |  | 12,566 |
Other non-operating income, net |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | 60 |
Income from operations before income tax and equity in earnings of investees |  |  | 39,374 |  |  |  | 42,075 |
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  | 147 |  |  |  | (8,885 | )
Equity in earnings of investees |  |  | 829 |  |  |  | 271 |
Net income |  |  | 40,350 |  |  |  | 33,461 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  | (1,763 | ) |  |  | (4,432 | )
Net income attributable to the Company's stockholders |  | $ | 38,587 |  |  | $ | 29,029 |
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  |  | 40,350 |  |  |  | 33,461 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | (2,163 | ) |  |  | (696 | )
Change in unrealized gains or losses in respect of the Company's share in derivatives instruments of an unconsolidated investment that qualifies as a cash flow hedge |  |  | 510 |  |  |  | (1,014 | )
Change in unrealized gains or losses in respect of a cross currency swap derivative instrument that qualifies as a cash flow hedge |  |  | 561 |  |  |  | (5,403 | )
Change in unrealized gains or losses in respect of an interest rate swap derivative instrument that qualifies as a cash flow hedge |  |  | 1,066 |  |  |  | — |
Other changes in comprehensive income |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | 14 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes: |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | (7,099 | )
Comprehensive income |  |  | 40,377 |  |  |  | 26,362 |
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  | (1,301 | ) |  |  | (4,042 | )
Comprehensive income attributable to the Company's stockholders |  | $ | 39,076 |  |  | $ | 22,320 |
Earnings per share attributable to the Company's stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic: |  | $ | 0.64 |  |  | $ | 0.51 |
Diluted: |  | $ | 0.64 |  |  | $ | 0.51 |
Weighted average number of shares used in computation of earnings per share attributable to the Company's stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 60,386 |  |  |  | 56,710 |
Diluted |  |  | 60,536 |  |  |  | 57,104 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(Unaudited)

|  | The Company's Stockholders' Equity |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Paid-in |  |  | Treasury |  |  | Retained |  |  | Comprehensive |  |  |  |  |  |  | Noncontrolling |  |  | Total |
|  | Shares |  |  | Amount |  |  | Capital |  |  | Stock |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Income (Loss) |  |  | Total |  |  | Interest |  |  | Equity |
|  | (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  |  | 56,096 |  |  | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 1,259,072 |  |  | $ | (17,964 | ) |  | $ | 623,907 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |  |  | $ | 1,867,571 |  |  | $ | 153,404 |  |  | $ | 2,020,975 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,990 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,990 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,990 |
Exercise of stock-based awards by employees and directors (*) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |
Issuance of common stock |  |  | 3,600 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 297,117 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 297,121 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 297,121 |
Cash paid to noncontrolling interest |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2,360 | ) |  |  | (2,360 | )
Cash dividend declared, $0.12 per share |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6,732 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6,732 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6,732 | )
Change in noncontrolling interest |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,239 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,239 |  |  |  | (2,396 | ) |  |  | (1,157 | )
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 29,029 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 29,029 |  |  |  | 4,235 |  |  |  | 33,264 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (306 | ) |  |  | (306 | ) |  |  | (390 | ) |  |  | (696 | )
Change in unrealized gains or losses in respect of the Company's share in derivative instruments of an unconsolidated investment that qualifies as a cash flow hedge |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,014 | ) |  |  | (1,014 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,014 | )
Change in unrealized gains or losses in respect of a cross currency swap derivative instrument that qualifies as a cash flow hedge |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,403 | ) |  |  | (5,403 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,403 | )
Other |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 14 |
Balance at March 31, 2023 |  |  | 59,696 |  |  | $ | 60 |  |  | $ | 1,560,445 |  |  | $ | (17,964 | ) |  | $ | 646,204 |  |  | $ | (4,209 | ) |  | $ | 2,184,536 |  |  | $ | 152,493 |  |  | $ | 2,337,029 |
Balance at December 31, 2023 |  |  | 60,359 |  |  | $ | 60 |  |  | $ | 1,614,769 |  |  | $ | (17,964 | ) |  | $ | 719,894 |  |  | $ | (1,332 | ) |  | $ | 2,315,427 |  |  | $ | 125,560 |  |  | $ | 2,440,987 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,769 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,769 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,769 |
Exercise of stock-based awards by employees and directors (*) |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 55 |
Cash paid to noncontrolling interest |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2,587 | ) |  |  | (2,587 | )
Cash dividend declared, $0.12 per share |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (7,243 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (7,243 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (7,243 | )
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 38,587 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 38,587 |  |  |  | 1,924 |  |  |  | 40,511 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,701 | ) |  |  | (1,701 | ) |  |  | (462 | ) |  |  | (2,163 | )
Change in unrealized gains or losses in respect of the Company's share in derivative instruments of an unconsolidated investment that qualifies as a cash flow hedge |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 510 |  |  |  | 510 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 510 |
Change in unrealized gains or losses in respect of a cross currency swap derivative instrument that qualifies as a cash flow hedge |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 561 |  |  |  | 561 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 561 |
Change in unrealized gains or losses in respect of an interest rate swap derivative instrument that qualifies as a cash flow hedge |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,066 |  |  |  | 1,066 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,066 |
Other |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 53 |
Balance at March 31, 2024 |  |  | 60,422 |  |  | $ | 60 |  |  | $ | 1,619,594 |  |  | $ | (17,964 | ) |  | $ | 751,118 |  |  | $ | (723 | ) |  | $ | 2,352,084 |  |  | $ | 124,435 |  |  | $ | 2,476,519 |

(*) Resulted in an amount lower than $1 thousand.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW

(Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 40,350 |  |  | $ | 33,461 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 62,351 |  |  |  | 53,161 |
Accretion of asset retirement obligation |  |  | 1,910 |  |  |  | 1,532 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 4,769 |  |  |  | 2,990 |
Income attributable to sale of tax benefits, net of interest expense |  |  | (8,627 | ) |  |  | (7,645 | )
Equity in earnings of investees |  |  | (829 | ) |  |  | (271 | )
Mark-to-market of derivative instruments |  |  | 813 |  |  |  | 993 |
Disposal of property, plant and equipment |  |  | (312 | ) |  |  | (123 | )
Gain on severance pay fund asset |  |  | (97 | ) |  |  | (116 | )
Loss on foreign currency exchange rates |  |  | 741 |  |  |  | — |
Deferred income tax provision |  |  | (9,683 | ) |  |  | 501 |
Liability for unrecognized tax benefits |  |  | 582 |  |  |  | 22 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses acquired: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Receivables |  |  | 57,193 |  |  |  | (26,626 | )
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts |  |  | (5,249 | ) |  |  | (731 | )
Inventories |  |  | (8,837 | ) |  |  | (22,615 | )
Prepaid expenses and other |  |  | (3,710 | ) |  |  | (15,903 | )
Change in operating lease right of use asset |  |  | 935 |  |  |  | 720 |
Deposits and other |  |  | 262 |  |  |  | (22 | )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  |  | (16,333 | ) |  |  | 22,226 |
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts |  |  | 2,707 |  |  |  | 15,866 |
Liabilities for severance pay |  |  | (1,141 | ) |  |  | (439 | )
Change in operating lease liabilities |  |  | (816 | ) |  |  | (289 | )
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | (1,770 | ) |  |  | (236 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  | 115,209 |  |  |  | 56,456 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  |  | (103,386 | ) |  |  | (106,877 | )
Investment in unconsolidated companies |  |  | (608 | ) |  |  | (4,235 | )
Cash paid for business acquisition, net of cash acquired |  |  | (274,631 | ) |  |  | — |
Decrease (increase) in severance pay fund asset, net of payments made to retired employees |  |  | 791 |  |  |  | (65 | )
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (377,834 | ) |  |  | (111,177 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from long-term loans, net of transaction costs |  |  | 331,345 |  |  |  | 99,850 |
Proceeds from exercise of options by employees |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | 27 |
Proceeds from revolving credit lines with banks |  |  | 40,000 |  |  |  | — |
Repayment of revolving credit lines with banks |  |  | (60,000 | ) |  |  | — |
Cash received from noncontrolling interest |  |  | 12,251 |  |  |  | 7,341 |
Repayments of long-term debt |  |  | (37,826 | ) |  |  | (42,814 | )
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of related costs |  |  | — |  |  |  | 297,121 |
Cash paid to noncontrolling interest |  |  | (3,168 | ) |  |  | (2,985 | )
Payments under finance lease obligations |  |  | (352 | ) |  |  | (570 | )
Deferred debt issuance costs |  |  | (1,118 | ) |  |  | (857 | )
Cash dividends paid |  |  | (7,243 | ) |  |  | (6,732 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 273,944 |  |  |  | 350,381 |
Effect of exchange rate changes |  |  | (128 | ) |  |  | (14 | )
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 11,191 |  |  |  | 295,646 |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |  |  | 287,770 |  |  |  | 226,676 |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period |  | $ | 298,961 |  |  | $ | 522,322 |
Supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in accounts payable related to purchases of property, plant and equipment |  | $ | (3,158 | ) |  | $ | (1,221 | )
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities |  | $ | 1,897 |  |  | $ | 1,028 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 — GENERAL AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of Ormat Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial statements. Accordingly, they do not contain all information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements reflect all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial position as of March 31, 2024, the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and the condensed consolidated statements of equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

The financial data and other information disclosed in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements related to these periods are unaudited. The results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year.

These condensed unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The condensed consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2023 was derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.

Dollar amounts, except per share data, in the notes to these financial statements are rounded to the closest $1,000.

Business combination - Enel purchase transaction

On January 4, 2024, the Company closed a purchase transaction with Enel Green Power North America ("EGPNA"), a subsidiary of Enel SpA (ENEL.MI) to acquire a portfolio of assets which includes two contracted geothermal power plants, one triple hybrid power plant which consists of geothermal, solar PV and solar thermal units, two stand alone solar power plants, and two greenfield development assets, for a total cash consideration of $274.6 million (including customary post-closing working capital adjustment to the purchase price, based on the levels of net working capital of the acquired companies) for 100% of the equity interests in the entities holding those assets.

The geothermal power plants include the Cove Fort power plant located in Beaver County, Utah, which sells electricity under a long-term power purchase agreement with Salt River Project and the Salt Wells power plant located in Churchill County, Nevada, which sells electricity under a long-term power purchase agreement ("PPA") with NV Energy. The Stillwater triple hybrid geothermal, solar PV and solar thermal power plant is located in Churchill County, Nevada, and sells electricity to NV Energy under a power purchase agreement. The Solar assets of Stillwater Solar PV II in Churchill County, Nevada, and Woods Hill in Windham County, Connecticut, sell their electricity under power purchase agreements, respectively.

As a result of the acquisition, the Company expanded its overall generation capacity and expects to improve the profitability of the purchased assets through cost reduction, synergies and development of the greenfield assets. The Company accounted for the transaction in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification ("ASC") 805, Business Combinations, and following the transaction, the Company consolidates the power plants and all other assets included in the transaction in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation.

In the first quarter of 2024, and during annual 2023, the Company incurred $1.3 million and $1.1 million of acquisition-related costs, respectively. Such costs are included under "General and administrative expenses" in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the respective periods. Accounting guidance provides that the allocation of the purchase price may be adjusted for up to one year from the date of the acquisition to the extent that additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. The primary area of the purchase price allocation that is not yet finalized is related to intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, and certain tax matters and the related impact on goodwill.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in millions):

Trade receivables and others (1) |  | $ | 4.4 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 3.1 |
Property, plant and equipment and construction-in-process (2) |  |  | 197.7 |
Operating lease right of use |  |  | 1.2 |
Other long-term assets |  |  | 0.2 |
Intangible assets (3) |  |  | 23.6 |
Goodwill (4) |  |  | 60.7 |
Total assets acquired |  | $ | 290.9 |
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and others |  | $ | 1.5 |
Other current liabilities |  |  | 1.8 |
Operating lease liabilities |  |  | 1.2 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 5.0 |
Asset retirement obligation |  |  | 6.8 |
Total liabilities assumed |  | $ | 16.3 |
Total assets acquired, and liabilities assumed, net |  | $ | 274.6 |

(1) The gross amount of trade receivables was fully collected subsequent to acquisition date.

(2) The fair value of Property, Plant and equipment was estimated by applying the income approach and utilizing the discounted cash flow method. This methodology assesses the value of tangible assets by computing the anticipated cash flows expected to be generated by the respective assets.

(3) Intangible assets are related to the long-term electricity PPAs described above and are amortized over the term of those PPAs. The fair value of the intangible assets was estimated by applying the income approach and utilizing the With and Without method.

(4) Goodwill is primarily related to the expected synergies, potential cost savings in operations as a result of the purchase transaction as well as potential future development of the greenfield assets. The goodwill is allocated to the Electricity segment and is deductible for tax purposes.

For the period from acquisition date to March 31, 2024, the acquired portfolio of assets contributed $9.4 million to the Company's Electricity revenues, and $3.3 million to the Company's earnings, which were included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The following unaudited pro forma summary presents condensed consolidated information of the Company as if the business combination had occurred on January 1, 2023. The pro forma results below include the impact of certain adjustments related to the depreciation of property plant and equipment, amortization of intangible assets, transaction-related costs, and the related income tax effects. This pro forma presentation does not include any impact from transaction synergies or any other material, nonrecurring adjustments directly attributable to the business combination.

|  | Pro forma for the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in millions) |
Electricity revenues |  | $ | 191.3 |  |  | $ | 179.8 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 224.2 |  |  | $ | 194.7 |
Net income attributable to the Company's stockholders |  | $ | 39.9 |  |  | $ | 27.7 |

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

Hapoalim 2024 Loan

Concurrently with the purchase transaction with EGPNA, on January 2, 2024, the Company entered into a definitive loan agreement (the "BHI Loan Agreement 2024") with Hapoalim Bank. The BHI Loan Agreement 2024 provides for a loan by Hapoalim Bank to the Company in an aggregate principal amount of $75 million (the “Hapoalim 2024 Loan”). The outstanding principal amount of the Hapoalim 2024 Loan will be repaid in 32 quarterly payments of $2.3 million each, commencing on April 1, 2024. The duration of the Hapoalim 2024 Loan is 8 years and it bears interest of 6.6%, payable every three months. The BHI Loan Agreement 2024 includes various affirmative and negative covenants, including a requirement that the Company maintain (i) a financial debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio not to exceed 6.0, (ii) a minimum equity capital amount of not less than $750 million, and (iii) an equity capital to total assets ratio of not less than 25%. The BHI Loan Agreement includes other customary affirmative and negative covenants, including nonpayment and noncompliance events of default.

HSBC Bank 2024 Loan

Concurrently with the purchase transaction with EGPNA, on January 2, 2024, the Company entered into a definitive loan agreement (the "HSBC Loan Agreement 2024") with HSBC Bank. The HSBC Loan Agreement 2024 provides for a loan by HSBC Bank to the Company in an aggregate principal amount of $125 million (the “HSBC Bank 2024 Loan”). The outstanding principal amount of the HSBC Bank 2024 Loan will be repaid in 7 semi-annual payments of $12.5 million each, commencing on July 1, 2024, and an additional final principal payment on January 1, 2028 of $37.5 million. The duration of the HSBC Bank 2024 Loan is 4 years and it bears interest of 3-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus 2.25%, payable quarterly. The HSBC Loan Agreement 2024 includes various affirmative and negative covenants, including a requirement that the Company maintain (i) a financial debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio not to exceed 6.0, (ii) a minimum equity capital amount of not less than $750 million, and (iii) an equity capital to total assets ratio of not less than 25%. The HSBC Loan Agreement 2024 includes other customary affirmative and negative covenants, including nonpayment and noncompliance events of default.

Interest Rate Swap

Concurrently with the issuance of the HSBC Bank 2024 Loan, the Company entered into a long-term interest rate swap ("IR Swap") transaction with the objective of hedging the variable interest rate fluctuations related to the HSBC Bank 2024 Loan at a fixed 3-month SOFR of 3.9%. The terms of the IR Swap match those of the HSBC Bank 2024 Loan, including the notional amount of the principal and interest payment dates. The Company designated the IR Swap as a cash flow hedge as per ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and accordingly measures the IR Swap instrument at fair value. The changes in the IR Swap fair value are initially recorded in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) and reclassified to Interest expense, net in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The hedged transaction and the IR Swap effect in earnings are presented in the same line item in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Mammoth Senior Secured Notes

On March 28, 2024, Mammoth Pacific, LLC (the “Issuer”), a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, entered into a note purchase agreement with the Prudential Insurance Company of America, pursuant to which the Issuer issued approximately $135.1 million principal amount of senior secured notes (the “Mammoth Senior Secured Notes”). The note purchase agreement also includes an approximately $9 million tranche of floating rate notes to be issued in the event of a shortfall in debt service with respect to the Mammoth Senior Secured Notes. The Issuer shall pay a commitment fee on the revolving note tranche at a rate of 0.5% per annum. If drawn, the revolving notes shall bear interest at a rate equal to Term SOFR plus 1.25%. The Mammoth Senior Secured Notes are secured by the equity interests in the Issuer, and by the Issuer’s 100% ownership interests in its project subsidiaries including four geothermal power plants known as the G1, G2, G3 and CD4 projects. The remaining classes of ownership interests in CD4 are owned by an unrelated third party and are not part of the collateral security package for the Mammoth Senior Secured Notes. The Mammoth Senior Secured Notes will be repaid in 46 semi-annual payments, commencing on November 30, 2024. The Mammoth Senior Secured Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 6.73% per annum and have a final maturity date of July 14, 2047. The Company has provided a limited guarantee with respect to certain obligations of the Issuer as a member of CD4.

There are various restrictive covenants under the Mammoth Senior Secured Notes, including limitations on additional indebtedness of the Issuer and its subsidiaries. Failure to comply with these and other covenants will, subject to customary cure rights, constitute an event of default by the Issuer. In addition, there are restrictions on the ability of the Issuer to make distributions to its shareholders. Among other things, the distribution restrictions include both a historical and projected minimum debt service coverage ratio requirement. As part of the security package, the note purchase agreement states the Issuer shall establish and maintain customary reserve accounts which include a debt service reserve account, a make-up well reserve account and a maintenance reserve account.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

War in Israel

On October 7, 2023, Hamas terrorists and members of other terrorist organizations infiltrated Israel’s southern border from the Gaza Strip and conducted a series of attacks on civilian and military targets, including widespread killings and kidnappings. They also launched extensive rocket attacks on the Israeli civilian population. Shortly following the attack, Israel declared war against Hamas. The majority of the Company's senior management and its main Product segment production and manufacturing facilities are located in Israel approximately 26 miles from the border with the Gaza Strip. More recently, the Houthi movement, which controls parts of Yemen, launched a number of attacks on marine vessels in the Red Sea. The Red Sea is an important maritime route for international trade. These disruptions have resulted, and may continue to result in, delayed deliveries of several key components used in the manufacturing of the Company's products and could impact its ability to timely deliver products to its customers under the Product Segment. This has also resulted in an increase in insurance premium costs for shipments into and out of the sea port.

As of the date of these condensed consolidated financial statements, none of the Company's facilities or infrastructure have been damaged nor have its supply chains been significantly impacted since the war broke out. However, a prolonged war could result in further military reserve duty call-ups as well as irregularities to the Company's supply chain and to its ability to ship its products from Israel, which could disrupt the operations of the Company's Product segment and potentially delay some of its growth plans in the Electricity segment. Management continuously monitors the effect of the war on the Company's financial position and results of operations.

Equity Offering

On March 14, 2023, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, as the sole underwriter (the “Underwriter”), in connection with a public offering, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell 3,600,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and the Underwriter agreed to purchase these shares at a price of $82.60 per share. In addition, the Company granted the Underwriter a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 540,000 shares of common stock at the same price per share, which was fully exercised by the Underwriter on April 3, 2023. The total net proceeds from the offering, including the option, were approximately $341.7 million, after deducting offering expenses.

Write-offs of unsuccessful exploration activities

There were no write-offs of unsuccessful exploration activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents as reported on the balance sheet to the total of the same amounts shown on the statement of cash flows:

|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 201,506 |  |  | $ | 195,808 |
Restricted cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 97,455 |  |  |  | 91,962 |
Total Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 298,961 |  |  | $ | 287,770 |

Concentration of credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash investments and accounts receivable.

The Company places its cash investments with high credit quality financial institutions located in the United States (“U.S.”) and in foreign countries. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had deposits totaling $68.2 million and $43.2 million, respectively, in ten U.S. financial institutions that were federally insured up to $250,000 per account. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s deposits in foreign countries amounted to approximately $55.9 million and $57.5 million, respectively.

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, accounts receivable related to operations in foreign countries amounted to approximately $98.1 million and $152.2 million, respectively. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, accounts receivable from the Company’s primary customers, which each accounted for revenues in excess of 10% of total consolidated revenues for the related period, amounted to approximately 61% and 57% of the Company’s trade receivables, respectively. The aggregate amount of notes receivable exceeding 10% of total receivables as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is $85.3 million and $161.0 million, respectively.

The Company's revenues from its primary customers as a percentage of total revenues are as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Southern California Public Power Authority (“SCPPA”) |  |  | 24.7 | % |  |  | 26.7 | %
Sierra Pacific Power Company and Nevada Power Company |  |  | 16.8 |  |  |  | 18.9 |
Kenya Power and Lighting Co. Ltd. ("KPLC") |  |  | 12.2 |  |  |  | 14.5 |

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The Company has historically been able to collect on substantially all of its receivable balances. As of March 31, 2024, the amount overdue from KPLC in Kenya was $40.0 million of which $12.4 million was paid in April 2024. The Company believes it will be able to collect all past due amounts in Kenya. This belief is supported by the fact that in addition to KPLC's obligations under its power purchase agreement, the Company holds a support letter from the Government of Kenya that covers certain cases of KPLC non-payment (such as non-payments that are caused by government actions and/or political events).

In Honduras, as of March 31, 2024, the total amount overdue from Empresa Nacional de Energía Eléctrica ("ENEE") was $16.9 million of which none was paid to date. In addition, due to the financial situation in Honduras, the Company may experience further delays in collection. The Company believes it will be able to collect all past due amounts in Honduras.

Allowance for credit losses

The Company performs an analysis of potential credit losses related to its financial instruments that are within the scope of ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 325, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, primarily cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, investment in marketable securities, receivables (excluding those accounted for under lease accounting) and costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts, based on classes of financing receivables which share the same or similar risk characteristics such as customer type and geographic location, among others. The Company estimates the expected credit losses for each class of financing receivables by applying the related corporate default rate which corresponds to the credit rating of the specific customer or class of financing receivables. For trade receivables, the Company applied this methodology using aging schedules reflecting how long the receivables have been outstanding. The Company has also considered the existence of credit enhancement arrangements that may mitigate the credit risk of its financial receivables in estimating the applicable corporate default rate.

The following table describes the changes in the allowance for expected credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (all related to trade receivables):

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Beginning balance of the allowance for expected credit losses |  | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | 90 |
Change in the provision for expected credit losses for the period |  |  | 73 |  |  |  | — |
Ending balance of the allowance for expected credit losses |  | $ | 163 |  |  | $ | 90 |

Revenues from contracts with customers

Contract assets related to our Product segment reflect revenue recognized and performance obligations satisfied in advance of customer billing. Contract liabilities related to the Company's Product segment reflect payments received in advance of the satisfaction of performance under the contract. The Company receives payments from customers based on the terms established in the contracts. Total contract assets and contract liabilities as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are as follows:

|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Contract assets (*) |  | $ | 23,616 |  |  | $ | 18,367 |
Contract liabilities (*) |  | $ | (21,376 | ) |  | $ | (18,669 | )

(*) Contract assets and contract liabilities are presented as "Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts" and "Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts", respectively, on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The contract liabilities balance at the beginning of the year was not yet fully recognized as product revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as a result of performance obligations having not been fully satisfied yet.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

On March 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $128.7 million of remaining performance obligations not yet satisfied or partly satisfied related to our Product segment. The Company expects to recognize approximately 100% of this amount as Product revenues during the next 24 months.

Disaggregated revenues from contracts with customers for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are disclosed under Note 8 - Business Segments, to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Leases in which the Company is a lessor

The table below presents lease income recognized as a lessor:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Lease income relating to lease payments from operating leases |  | $ | 147,101 |  |  | $ | 137,621 |

Derivative instruments

Derivative instruments (including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts) are measured at their fair value and recorded as either assets or liabilities unless exempted from derivative treatment as a normal purchase and sale. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are recognized in earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments are initially recorded in "Other comprehensive income (loss)" and a corresponding amount is reclassified out of "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)" to earnings to offset the remeasurement of the underlying hedge transaction which also impacts the same line item in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

The Company maintains a risk management strategy that may incorporate the use of swap contracts, put options, forward exchange contracts, interest rate swaps, and cross-currency swaps to minimize significant fluctuation in cash flows and/or earnings that are caused by oil and natural gas prices, exchange rate or interest rate volatility.

Transferable production and investment tax credits

The Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) was signed into law in August 2022 and introduces a transferability provision for certain tax credits related to the clean production of energy. Under this provision, a reporting entity can monetize such credits through sale to a third party. The option for transferability of credits applies to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2022. Several of the Company’s projects, that are not currently part of a tax monetization transaction, generate eligible tax credits, such as investment tax credits (“ITCs”) and production tax credits (“PTCs”), that are eligible to be transferred to a third-party under the provisions of the IRA. The Company accounts for ITCs under ASC 740 through the “Income tax (provision) benefit” line in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income. PTC’s are accounted similarly to refundable or direct-pay credits outside of the “Income tax (provision) benefit” line with income recognized in the “Income attributable to sale of tax benefits” line in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income. Income recognized related to the expected sale of such transferable PTC’s during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023 was $4.4 million and $1.8 million, net of discount, respectively. Tax benefits recognized related to such transferable ITC’s during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023 was $11.5 million and $1.6 million, net of discount, respectively.

NOTE 2 — NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

New accounting pronouncements effective in the three months ended March 31, 2024

Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-02 “Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323),” which permits reporting entities to elect to account for tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. The amendments in ASU 2023-02 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this update should be applied on either a modified retrospective or a retrospective basis. The adoption of ASU 2023-02 did not have an impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

New accounting pronouncements effective in future periods

Improvements to Reportable Segments Disclosures

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07 “Segment Reporting–Improvements to Reportable Segments Disclosures (Topic 280)” to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this ASU (1) require that a public entity disclose, on an annual and interim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss; (2) require that a public entity disclose, on an annual and interim basis, an amount for other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition; (3) require that a public entity provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods; (4) clarify that if the CODM uses more than one measure of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, a public entity may report one or more of those additional measures; and (5) require that a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure or measures of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of these amendments on its consolidated financial statements.

Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 “Income Taxes (Topic 740)–Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures, primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The amendments in this ASU require that public entities, on an annual basis, disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. This ASU also requires that all entities disclose, on an annual basis, (1) the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes, (2) the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal to or greater than five percent of total income taxes paid, (3) income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense or benefit disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and (4) income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and should be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of these amendments on its consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3 — INVENTORIES

Inventories consist of the following:

|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Raw materials and purchased parts for assembly |  | $ | 18,945 |  |  | $ | 20,588 |
Self-manufactured assembly parts and finished products |  |  | 34,929 |  |  |  | 24,449 |
Total inventories |  | $ | 53,874 |  |  | $ | 45,037 |

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

NOTE 4— FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The fair value measurement guidance clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received upon selling an asset or paid upon transferring a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under the fair value measurement guidance are described below:

Level 1 — unadjusted observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

Level 2 — inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly;

Level 3 — unobservable inputs.

The following table sets forth certain fair value information at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 for financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy, as well as cost or amortized cost. As required by the fair value measurement guidance, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of inputs that is significant to the fair value measurement.

|  |  |  |  |  | March 31, 2024 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value |
|  | Carrying Value at March 31, 2024 |  |  | Total |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents (including restricted cash accounts) |  | $ | 55,316 |  |  | $ | 55,316 |  |  | $ | 55,316 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap (3) |  |  | 1,502 |  |  |  | 1,502 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,502 |  |  |  | — |
Currency forward contracts (2) |  |  | 593 |  |  |  | 593 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 593 |  |  |  | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross currency swap (1) |  |  | (4,323 | ) |  |  | (4,323 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (4,323 | ) |  |  | — |
Long term liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross currency swap (1) |  |  | (10,174 | ) |  |  | (10,174 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (10,174 | ) |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 42,914 |  |  | $ | 42,914 |  |  | $ | 55,316 |  |  | $ | (12,402 | ) |  | $ | — |

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

|  |  |  |  |  | December 31, 2023 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value |
|  | Carrying Value at December 31, 2023 |  |  | Total |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents (including restricted cash accounts) |  | $ | 53,877 |  |  | $ | 53,877 |  |  | $ | 53,877 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Currency forward contracts (2) |  |  | 1,406 |  |  |  | 1,406 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,406 |  |  |  | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross currency swap (1) |  |  | (3,686 | ) |  |  | (3,686 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,686 | ) |  |  | — |
Long-term liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross currency swap (1) |  |  | (8,137 | ) |  |  | (8,137 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (8,137 | ) |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 43,461 |  |  | $ | 43,461 |  |  | $ | 53,877 |  |  | $ | (10,416 | ) |  | $ | — |

| 1. | These amounts relate to cross currency swap contracts valued primarily based on the present value of the cross currency swap future settlement prices for U.S. Dollar (“USD”) and New Israeli Shekel (“NIS”) zero yield curves and the applicable exchange rate as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, as applicable. These amounts are included within “Accounts payable and accrued expenses” or “Other long-term liabilities”, as applicable, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets on March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Cash collateral deposits in the amount of $10.4 million and $10.6 million as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively, are presented under “Other receivables” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

| 2. | These amounts relate to currency forward contracts valued primarily based on observable inputs, including forward and spot prices for currencies, net of contracted rates and then multiplied by notional amounts, and are included within “Receivables, other” or “Accounts payable and accrued expenses”, as applicable, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets on March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, with the corresponding gain or loss being recognized within “Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses)” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

| 3. | This amount relates to interest rate swap contracts valued primarily based on the present value of the interest rate swap future settlement prices based on USD zero yield curve as of March 31, 2024. This amount is included within “Accounts payable and accrued expenses” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets on March 31, 2024. There are no cash collateral deposits on March 31, 2024.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The following table presents the amounts of gain (loss) recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income on derivative instruments (in thousands):

|  |  |  | Amount of recognized gain (loss) |
Derivative instruments |  | Location of recognized gain (loss) |  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  |  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  |  |  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  |  |
Currency forward contracts (1) |  | Derivative and foreign currency transaction gains (losses) |  | $ | 1,078 |  |  | $ | (1,656 | )
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross currency swap (2) |  | Derivative and foreign currency transaction gains (losses) |  | $ | (3,236 | ) |  | $ | (6,792 | )
Interest rate swap (2) |  | Interest expense, net |  | $ | 457 |  |  | $ | — |

| 1. | The foregoing currency forward transactions were not designated as hedge transactions and were marked to market with the corresponding gains or losses recognized within “Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses)” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

| 2. | The foregoing cross currency and interest rate swap transactions were designated as a cash flow hedge as further described above and under Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. The changes in the cross currency swap fair value are initially recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” and a corresponding amount is reclassified out of "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)" to “Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses)” to offset the remeasurement of the underlying hedged transaction which also impacts the same line item in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The changes in the interest rate swap fair value are initially recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” and a corresponding amount is reclassified out of "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)" to “Interest expenses, net” to offset the remeasurement of the underlying hedged transaction which also impacts the same line item in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

There were no transfers of assets or liabilities between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The following table presents the effect of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) beginning of period |  | $ | (318 | ) |  | $ | 3,920 |
Gain or (loss) recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross currency swap |  |  | (2,675 | ) |  |  | 1,389 |
Interest rate swap |  |  | 1,523 |  |  |  | — |
Amount reclassified from Other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross currency swap |  |  | 3,236 |  |  |  | (6,792 | )
Interest rate swap |  |  | (457 | ) |  |  | — |
Balance in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) end of period |  | $ | 1,309 |  |  | $ | (1,483 | )

The estimated net amount of existing gain (loss) that is reported in "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)" as of March 31, 2024 that is expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months is immaterial. The maximum length of time over which the Company is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flow is from the transaction commencement date through June 2031.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt approximates its carrying amount, except for the following:

|  | Fair Value |  |  | Carrying Amount (*) |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  |  | December 31, 2023 |  |  | March 31, 2024 |  |  | December 31, 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in millions) |  |  | (Dollars in millions) |
Hapoalim 2024 Loan |  | $ | 75.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 75.0 |  |  | $ | — |
HSBC Bank 2024 Loan |  |  | 126.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 125.0 |  |  |  | — |
Mammoth Senior Secured Notes |  |  | 137.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 135.1 |  |  |  | — |
Mizrahi Loan |  |  | 61.2 |  |  |  | 61.4 |  |  |  | 60.9 |  |  |  | 60.9 |
Mizrahi Loan 2023 |  |  | 51.8 |  |  |  | 52.0 |  |  |  | 50.0 |  |  |  | 50.0 |
Convertible Senior Notes |  |  | 417.4 |  |  |  | 444.6 |  |  |  | 431.3 |  |  |  | 431.3 |
HSBC Loan |  |  | 30.1 |  |  |  | 33.8 |  |  |  | 32.1 |  |  |  | 35.7 |
Hapoalim Loan |  |  | 76.0 |  |  |  | 75.0 |  |  |  | 80.4 |  |  |  | 80.4 |
Hapoalim Loan 2023 |  |  | 93.5 |  |  |  | 99.7 |  |  |  | 90.0 |  |  |  | 95.0 |
Discount Loan |  |  | 63.2 |  |  |  | 69.9 |  |  |  | 68.8 |  |  |  | 75.0 |
Finance liability - Dixie Valley |  |  | 224.2 |  |  |  | 207.2 |  |  |  | 223.3 |  |  |  | 225.8 |
Olkaria III Loan - DFC |  |  | 111.6 |  |  |  | 116.4 |  |  |  | 116.2 |  |  |  | 120.7 |
Olkaria III plant 4 Loan - DEG 2 |  |  | 22.0 |  |  |  | 21.6 |  |  |  | 22.5 |  |  |  | 22.5 |
Olkaria III plant 1 Loan - DEG 3 |  | 19.3 |  |  | 19.0 |  |  | 19.7 |  |  | 19.7 |
Platanares Loan - DFC |  |  | 68.8 |  |  |  | 71.3 |  |  |  | 69.6 |  |  |  | 71.7 |
OFC 2 LLC ("OFC 2") |  |  | 128.9 |  |  |  | 134.2 |  |  |  | 142.5 |  |  |  | 142.5 |
Don A. Campbell 1 ("DAC 1") |  |  | 50.5 |  |  |  | 52.3 |  |  |  | 55.8 |  |  |  | 57.4 |
USG Prudential - NV |  |  | 22.0 |  |  |  | 22.3 |  |  |  | 23.8 |  |  |  | 23.9 |
USG Prudential - ID Refinancing |  |  | 51.2 |  |  |  | 54.1 |  |  |  | 57.2 |  |  |  | 58.9 |
USG DOE |  |  | 28.2 |  |  |  | 30.0 |  |  |  | 28.7 |  |  |  | 30.2 |
Senior Unsecured Bonds |  |  | 198.5 |  |  |  | 202.8 |  |  |  | 217.3 |  |  |  | 220.6 |
Senior Unsecured Loan |  |  | 139.7 |  |  |  | 150.4 |  |  |  | 149.6 |  |  |  | 158.0 |
Other long-term debt |  |  | 6.7 |  |  |  | 6.8 |  |  |  | 6.8 |  |  |  | 7.7 |

(*) Carrying amount value excludes the related deferred financing costs.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The fair value of the long-term debt is determined by a valuation model, which is based on a conventional discounted cash flow methodology and utilizes assumptions of current borrowing rates, except for the fair value of the Convertible Senior Notes for which the fair value was estimated based on a quoted bid price of the Notes in an over-the-counter market on the last trading day of the reporting period. A hypothetical change in the quoted bid price will result in a corresponding change in the estimated fair value of the Notes. The carrying value of the deposits, the short term revolving credit lines with banks and the commercial paper approximate their fair value.

Recently, interest rates for both short-term and long-term debt have increased sharply which may have a direct impact on the fair value of the Company's long-term debt presented above, should this trend continues.

The following table presents the fair value of financial instruments as of March 31, 2024:

|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
|  | (Dollars in millions) |
Hapoalim 2024 Loan |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 75.9 |  |  | $ | 75.9 |
HSBC Bank 2024 Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 126.5 |  |  |  | 126.5 |
Mammoth Senior Secured Notes |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 137.4 |  |  |  | 137.4 |
Mizrahi Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 61.2 |  |  |  | 61.2 |
Mizrahi Loan 2023 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 51.8 |  |  |  | 51.8 |
Convertible Senior Notes |  |  | — |  |  |  | 417.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 417.4 |
HSBC Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 30.1 |  |  |  | 30.1 |
Hapoalim Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 76.0 |  |  |  | 76.0 |
Hapoalim Loan 2023 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 93.5 |  |  |  | 93.5 |
Discount Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 63.2 |  |  |  | 63.2 |
Finance liability - Dixie Valley |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 224.2 |  |  |  | 224.2 |
Olkaria III Loan - DFC |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 111.6 |  |  |  | 111.6 |
Olkaria III plant 4 Loan - DEG 2 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 22.0 |  |  |  | 22.0 |
Olkaria III plant 1 Loan - DEG 3 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19.3 |  |  |  | 19.3 |
Platanares Loan - DFC |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 68.8 |  |  |  | 68.8 |
OFC 2 Senior Secured Note |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 128.9 |  |  |  | 128.9 |
DAC 1 Senior Secured Note |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 50.5 |  |  |  | 50.5 |
USG Prudential - N |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 22.0 |  |  |  | 22.0 |
USG Prudential - I |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 51.2 |  |  |  | 51.2 |
USG DO |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 28.2 |  |  |  | 28.2 |
Senior Unsecured Bond |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 198.5 |  |  |  | 198.5 |
Senior Unsecured Loa |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 139.7 |  |  |  | 139.7 |
Other long-term deb |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6.7 |  |  |  | 6.7 |
Deposit |  | 20.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20.0 |

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The following table presents the fair value of financial instruments as of December 31, 2023:

|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
|  | (Dollars in millions) |
Mizrahi Loan |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 61.4 |  |  | $ | 61.4 |
Mizrahi Loan 2023 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 52.0 |  |  |  | 52.0 |
Convertible Senior Notes |  |  | — |  |  |  | 444.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 444.6 |
HSBC Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 33.8 |  |  |  | 33.8 |
Hapoalim Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 75.0 |  |  |  | 75.0 |
Hapoalim Loan 2023 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 99.7 |  |  |  | 99.7 |
Discount Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 69.9 |  |  |  | 69.9 |
Financing Liability - Dixie Valley |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 207.2 |  |  |  | 207.2 |
Olkaria III Loan - DFC |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 116.4 |  |  |  | 116.4 |
Olkaria IV - DEG 2 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 21.6 |  |  |  | 21.6 |
Olkaria IV - DEG 3 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19.0 |  |  |  | 19.0 |
Platanares Loan - DFC |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 71.3 |  |  |  | 71.3 |
OFC 2 Senior Secured Notes |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 134.2 |  |  |  | 134.2 |
DAC 1 Senior Secured Notes |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 52.3 |  |  |  | 52.3 |
USG Prudential - NV |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 22.3 |  |  |  | 22.3 |
USG Prudential - ID |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 54.1 |  |  |  | 54.1 |
USG DOE |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 30.0 |  |  |  | 30.0 |
Senior Unsecured Bonds |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 202.8 |  |  |  | 202.8 |
Senior Unsecured Loan |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 150.4 |  |  |  | 150.4 |
Other long-term debt |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6.8 |  |  |  | 6.8 |
Deposits |  | 20.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20.9 |

NOTE 5 — STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

In March 2024, the Company granted certain members of its management and employees an aggregate of 209,563 restricted stock units ("RSUs") and 61,197 performance stock units ("PSUs") under the Company’s 2018 Incentive Compensation Plan. The RSUs and PSUs have vesting periods of between 1 to 3 years from the grant date.

The fair value of each RSU and PSU on the grant date was $64.9 and $64.0, respectively. The Company calculated the fair value of each RSU and PSU on the grant date using the complex lattice, tree-based option-pricing model, and the Monte Carlo simulation, based on the following assumptions:

Risk-free interest rates |  |  | 4.27% |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4.94% |
Expected life (in years) |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3 |
Dividend yield |  |  | 0.73% |
Expected volatility (weighted average) |  |  | 28.0% |  |  | — |  |  |  | 34.0% |

In March 2023, the Company granted certain members of its management and employees an aggregate of 174,422 RSUs and 35,081 PSUs under the Company’s 2018 Incentive Compensation Plan. The RSUs and PSUs have vesting periods of between 1 to 4 years from the grant date.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The fair value of each RSU and PSU on the grant date was $79.9 and $79.6, respectively. The Company calculated the fair value of each RSU and PSU on the grant date using the complex lattice, tree-based option-pricing model based on the following assumptions:

Risk-free interest rates |  | 3.86% | — | 4.68%
Expected life (in years) |  | 2 | — | 5.75
Dividend yield |  | 0.59%
Expected volatility (weighted average) |  | 36% | — | 42.20%

There were no other significant grants that were made by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

NOTE 6 — INTEREST EXPENSE, NET

The components of interest expense are as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Interest related to sale of tax benefits |  | $ | 4,896 |  |  | $ | 3,342 |
Interest expense |  |  | 29,124 |  |  |  | 24,620 |
Less — amount capitalized |  |  | (3,052 | ) |  |  | (4,330 | )
Total interest expense, net |  | $ | 30,968 |  |  | $ | 23,631 |

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

NOTE 7 — EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share attributable to the Company’s stockholders is computed by dividing net income or loss attributable to the Company’s stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. The Company does not have any equity instruments that are dilutive, except for employee stock-based awards and convertible senior notes ("Notes").

The table below shows the reconciliation of the number of shares used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Weighted average number of shares used in computation of basic earnings per share: |  |  | 60,386 |  |  |  | 56,710 |
Additional shares from the assumed exercise of employee stock awards |  |  | 150 |  |  |  | 394 |
Weighted average number of shares used in computation of diluted earnings per share |  |  | 60,536 |  |  |  | 57,104 |

The number of stock-based awards that could potentially dilute future earnings per share and that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because to do so would have been anti-dilutive was 196.7 thousand and 106.3 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As per ASU 2020-06, the if-converted method is required for calculating any potential dilutive effect from convertible instruments. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the average price of the Company's common stock did not exceed the per share conversion price of the Notes of $90.27, and other requirements for the Notes to be convertible were not met and as such, there was no dilutive effect from the Notes in respect with the aforementioned periods.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

NOTE 8 — BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The Company has three reporting segments: the Electricity segment, the Product segment and the Energy Storage segment. These segments are managed and reported separately as each offers different products and serves different markets.

| • | Under the Electricity segment, the Company builds, owns and operates geothermal, solar PV and recovered energy-based power plants ("REG") in the United States and geothermal power plants in foreign countries, and sells the electricity generated by those power plants.

| • | Under the Product segment, the Company designs, manufactures and sells equipment for geothermal and recovered energy-based electricity generation and provide services relating to the engineering, procurement and construction ("EPC") of geothermal and recovered energy-based power plants.

| • | Under the Energy Storage segment, the Company provides battery energy storage systems ("BESS") as a service as well as related services.

Transfer prices between the operating segments are determined based on current market values or cost-plus markup of the seller’s business segment.

Summarized financial information concerning the Company’s reportable segments is shown in the following tables, including the Company's disaggregated revenues from contracts with customers:

|  | Electricity |  |  | Product |  |  | Energy Storage |  |  | Consolidated |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from external customers: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States (1) |  | $ | 143,816 |  |  | $ | 876 |  |  | $ | 8,081 |  |  | $ | 152,773 |
Foreign (2) |  |  | 47,437 |  |  |  | 23,956 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 71,393 |
Net revenue from external customers |  |  | 191,253 |  |  |  | 24,832 |  |  |  | 8,081 |  |  |  | 224,166 |
Intersegment revenues (4) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20,597 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Operating income (loss) |  |  | 52,681 |  |  |  | 842 |  |  |  | (940 | ) |  |  | 52,583 |
Segment assets at period end (3) (*) |  |  | 4,961,483 |  |  |  | 190,210 |  |  |  | 365,151 |  |  |  | 5,516,844 |
* Including unconsolidated investments |  |  | 127,386 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 127,386 |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from external customers: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States (1) |  | $ | 122,411 |  |  | $ | 1,441 |  |  | $ | 4,880 |  |  | $ | 128,732 |
Foreign (2) |  |  | 47,899 |  |  |  | 8,601 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 56,500 |
Net revenue from external customers |  |  | 170,310 |  |  |  | 10,042 |  |  |  | 4,880 |  |  |  | 185,232 |
Intersegment revenues (4) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,772 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Operating income (loss) |  |  | 57,008 |  |  |  | (1,505 | ) |  |  | (2,337 | ) |  |  | 53,166 |
Segment assets at period end (3) (*) |  |  | 4,648,303 |  |  |  | 161,428 |  |  |  | 205,539 |  |  |  | 5,015,270 |
* Including unconsolidated investments |  |  | 119,185 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 119,185 |

| (1) | Electricity segment revenues in the United States are all accounted for under lease accounting except for $44.8 million in three months ended March 31, 2024, and $32.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, that are accounted for under ASC 606. Product and Energy Storage segment revenues in the United States are accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), except for Energy Storage revenues of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and none for the three months ended March 31, 2023, that are accounted for under lease accounting.

| (2) | Electricity segment revenues in foreign countries are all accounted for under lease accounting. Product segment revenues in foreign countries are all accounted for under ASC 606.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

| (3) | Electricity segment assets include goodwill in the amount of $146.5 million and $85.8 million as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Energy Storage segment assets include goodwill in the amount of $4.6 million and $4.6 million as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. No goodwill is included in the Product segment assets as of March 31, 2024 and 2023.

| (4) | Intersegment revenues are fully eliminated in consolidation.

Reconciling information between reportable segments and the Company’s consolidated totals is shown in the following table:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total segment revenues |  | $ | 224,166 |  |  | $ | 185,232 |
Intersegment revenues |  |  | 20,597 |  |  |  | 7,772 |
Elimination of intersegment revenues |  |  | (20,597 | ) |  |  | (7,772 | )
Total consolidated revenues |  | $ | 224,166 |  |  | $ | 185,232 |
Operating income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating income |  | $ | 52,583 |  |  | $ | 53,166 |
Interest income |  |  | 1,839 |  |  |  | 1,851 |
Interest expense, net |  |  | (30,968 | ) |  |  | (23,631 | )
Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses) |  |  | (1,582 | ) |  |  | (1,937 | )
Income attributable to sale of tax benefits |  |  | 17,476 |  |  |  | 12,566 |
Other non-operating income, net |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | 60 |
Total consolidated income before income taxes and equity in income of investees |  | $ | 39,374 |  |  | $ | 42,075 |

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

NOTE 9 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, the Company is named as a party to various lawsuits, claims and other legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of the Company's business. These actions typically seek, among other things, compensation for alleged personal injury, breach of contract, property damage, punitive damages, civil penalties or other losses, or injunctive or declaratory relief. With respect to such lawsuits, claims and proceedings, the Company accrues reserves when a loss is probable, and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. It is the opinion of the Company’s management that the outcome of these proceedings, individually and collectively, will not be material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements as a whole.

Other matters

On March 2, 2021, the Company's Board of Directors established a Special Committee of independent directors to investigate, among other things, certain claims made in a report published by a short seller regarding the Company’s compliance with anti-corruption laws. The Special Committee is working with outside legal counsel to investigate the claims made. All members of the Special Committee are “independent” in accordance with the Company's Corporate Governance Guidelines, the NYSE listing standards and SEC rules applicable to board of directors in general. The Company is also providing information as requested by the SEC and Department of Justice ("DOJ") related to the claims.

Additionally, see Note 11 – Subsequent Events, to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

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ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)

NOTE 10 — INCOME TAXES

The Company’s effective tax rate provision for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was (0.4)% and 21.1%, respectively. The effective rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the generation of investment tax credits, and the jurisdictional mix of earnings at differing tax rates.

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act ("IRA") was signed into law in the United States. The Company believes that the construction and operations of its geothermal power plants, recovered energy-based power plants, battery energy storage systems and solar PV will benefit in the future from the IRA and enhance the economic feasibility of projects in the United States. PTC’s can be generated from 2.75 cents per kWh, once the Wages & Apprenticeship rules are met, and if bonus credit requirements are met the credit could rise up to 3.30 cents per kWh. ITC’s can be earned on investments from 30.0%, once the Wages & Apprenticeship rules are met, and if bonus credit requirements are met the credit could rise up to 50.0%. Battery Energy Storage Systems are eligible for ITC for projects placed-in-service after December 31, 2022. In addition, the Company can now monetize PTC’s and ITC’s earned by transferring the credits to a third party without having to enter into a tax equity transaction. The Company views the enactment of the IRA as favorable for the overall business climate for its sector.

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has a framework to implement a global minimum corporate tax of 15% for companies with global revenues and profits above certain thresholds (referred to as Pillar 2), with certain aspects of Pillar 2 becoming effective January 1, 2024, and other aspects becoming effective January 1, 2025. Currently, the Company does not meet the revenue threshold requirements. The Company does anticipate being subject to Pillar 2 in the near future years based on its anticipated growth projections. We will continue to evaluate the impact of proposed and enacted legislative changes to our effective tax rate and cash flows as new guidance becomes available.

Additionally, see Note 11 – Subsequent Events, to the condensed consolidated financial statements for tax investigation in Kenya.

NOTE 11 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Cash Dividend

On May 8, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company declared, approved and authorized payment of a quarterly dividend of $7.2 million ($0.12 per share) to all holders of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock on May 22, 2024, payable on June 5, 2024.

DEG 4 Loan

On April 4, 2024, the Company, through one of the its wholly owned subsidiaries, entered into a new $30 million subordinated loan agreement with Deutsche Investitions-und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH ("DEG") and on April 18, 2024, it completed a drawdown of the full loan amount of $30 million (the “DEG 4 Loan”). The DEG 4 Loan bears a fixed interest rate of 7.79% and will be repaid in 6 equal semi-annual principal installments commencing on December 21, 2028, with a final maturity date of June 21, 2031.

Tax Investigation in Kenya

On April 23, 2024, the Company's branch in Kenya received a Letter of Preliminary Investigation Findings ("Letter") from the Kenya Revenue Authority (“KRA”) relating to tax years 2017-2022. The Letter sets forth a demand for approximately $79.0 million before any potential interest and penalties. Based on a preliminary review of the Letter, the Company and its advisors believe that these preliminary findings have no merit and that the Company has strong arguments against these preliminary findings raised in the KRA Letter.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this quarterly report that address activities, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will or may occur in the future, including such matters as our projections of annual revenues, expenses and debt service coverage with respect to our debt securities, future capital expenditures, business strategy, competitive strengths, goals, development or operation of generation assets, market and industry developments and the growth of our business and operations, are forward-looking statements. When used in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, the words “may”, “will”, “could”, “should”, “expects”, “plans”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “predicts”, “projects”, “potential”, or “contemplate” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such words or expressions. The forward-looking statements in this quarterly report are primarily located in the material set forth under the headings “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, “Risk Factors”, and “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”, but are found in other locations as well. These forward-looking statements generally relate to our plans, objectives and expectations for future operations and are based upon management’s current estimates and projections of future results or trends. Although we believe that our plans and objectives reflected in or suggested by these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we may not achieve these plans or objectives. You should read this quarterly report on Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that actual future results and developments may be materially different from what we expect attributable to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control.

These forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof, and, except as legally required, we undertake no obligation to update or revise the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

A summary of the risks that may cause actual results to differ from our expectations include, but are not limited to the following:

Risks Related to the Company’s Business and Operation

| • | Our financial performance depends on the successful operation of our geothermal, REG, Solar PV power plants under the Electricity segment as well as our energy storage facilities, which are subject to various operational risks.

| • | Our exploration, development, and operation of geothermal energy resources are subject to geological risks and uncertainties, which may result in insufficient prospects to support our growth,decreased performance or increased costs for our power plants.

| • | We may decide not to implement, or may not be successful in implementing, one or more elements of our multi-year strategic plan, and the plan may not achieve its goal of enhancing shareholder value.

| • | Our investments in BESS technology involves new technologies and expected advanced technologies with relatively limited history with respect to reliability and performance and may not perform as expected. In addition, our investments and profitability may be negatively affected by a number of factors, including increases in storage costs, risk of fire and volatility in merchant prices.

| • | Concentration of customers, specific projects and regions may expose us to heightened financial exposure.

| • | Our international operations expose us to risks related to the application of foreign laws and regulations.

| • | Political, economic and other conditions in the emerging economies where we operate, including Israel, may subject us to greater risk than in the developed U.S. economy.

| • | Conditions in and around Israel, where the majority of our senior management and our main production and manufacturing facilities are located, including the ongoing military conflicts on the borders of Israel, may adversely affect our operations and may limit our ability to produce and sell our products, and support our Electricity segment.

| • | Responses in various countries where we have business operations to Israel’s ongoing war with Hamas and military conflicts on some of its borders or future similar conflicts may adversely affect our operations and may limit our ability to produce and sell our products.

| • | Reduction in our Products segment backlog may affect our ability to fully utilize our main production and manufacturing facilities.

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| • | Some of our leases will terminate if we do not extract geothermal resources in “commercial quantities” or if we fail to comply with the terms or stipulations of such leases or any of the provisions of the Geothermal Steam Act or if the lessor under any such lease defaults on any debt secured by the relevant property, thus requiring us to enter into new leases or secure rights to alternate geothermal resources, none of which may be available on terms as favorable to us as any such terminated lease, if at all.

| • | Our business development activities may not be successful and our projects under construction or facilities undergoing enhancement and repowering may encounter delays.

| • | Our future growth depends, in part, on the successful enhancement of a number of our existing facilities.

| • | We rely on power transmission facilities that we do not own or control.

| • | Our use of joint ventures may limit our flexibility with jointly owned investments.

| • | Our operations could be adversely impacted by climate change.

| • | We could be negatively impacted by regulatory and other responses to climate change.

| • | We may not be able to successfully complete acquisitions, and we may not be able to successfully integrate, or realize anticipated synergies from, companies that we have acquired and may acquire in the future.

| • | We encounter intense competition from electric utilities, other power producers, power marketers, developers and third-party investors.

| • | Changes in costs and technology may significantly impact our business by making our power plants and products less competitive, resulting in our inability to sign new or recontracted Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) for our Electricity segment and new supply and EPC contracts for our Products segment.

| • | Our intellectual property rights may not be adequate to protect our business.

| • | We may experience difficulties implementing and maintaining our new enterprise resource planning system.

| • | We may experience a cyber-incident, cyber security breach, severe natural event or physical attack on our operational networks and information technology systems.

Risks Related to Governmental Regulations, Laws and Taxation

| • | Our financial performance could be adversely affected by changes in the legal and regulatory environment affecting our operations.

| • | Pursuant to the terms of some of our PPAs with investor-owned electric utilities and publicly-owned electric utilities in states that have renewable portfolio standards, the failure to supply the contracted capacity and energy thereunder may result in the imposition of penalties.

| • | If any of our domestic power plants lose their current Qualifying Facility status under PURPA, or if amendments to PURPA are enacted that substantially reduce the benefits currently afforded to Qualifying Facilities, our domestic operations could be adversely affected.

| • | The reduction, elimination or inability to monetize government incentives could adversely affect our business, financial condition, future results and cash flows.

| • | We are a holding company and our cash depends substantially on the performance of our subsidiaries and the power plants they operate, most of which are subject to restrictions and taxation on dividends and distributions.

| • | The costs of compliance with federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and our ability to obtain and maintain environmental permits and governmental approvals required for development, construction and/or operation may result in liabilities, costs and delays in construction (as well as any fines or penalties that may be imposed upon us in the event of any non-compliance or delays with such laws or regulations).

| • | We could be exposed to significant liability for violations of hazardous substances laws because of the use or presence of such substances at our power plants.

| • | U.S. federal, state and foreign country income tax reform could adversely affect us.

Risks Related to Economic and Financial Conditions

| • | We may be unable to obtain the financing we need on favorable terms to pursue our growth strategy and any future financing we receive may be less favorable to us than our current financing arrangements.

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| • | We have incurred substantial indebtedness that may decrease our business flexibility, access to capital, and/or increase our borrowing costs, and we may still incur substantially more debt, which may adversely affect our operations and financial results.

| • | Our debt obligations may adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital and will be a burden on our future cash resources, particularly if we elect to settle these obligations in cash upon conversion or upon maturity or required repurchase.

| • | The capped call transactions, into which we entered in connection with the issuance of the June 2022 convertible notes (the "Notes"), may affect the value of the Notes and our common stock and we are subject to counterparty risk with respect to the capped call transactions.

| • | Our foreign power plants and foreign manufacturing operations expose us to risks related to fluctuations in currency rates, which may reduce our profits from such power plants and operations.

| • | Our power plants have generally been financed through a combination of our corporate funds and limited or non-recourse project finance debt and lease financing. If our project subsidiaries default on their obligations under such limited or non-recourse debt or lease financing, we may be required to make certain payments to the relevant debt holders, and if the collateral supporting such leveraged financing structures is foreclosed upon, we may lose certain of our power plants.

| • | We may experience fluctuations in the costs of construction, raw materials, commodities and drilling.

| • | Our commodity derivative activity may limit potential gains, increase potential losses, result in earnings volatility and involve other risks.

| • | We are exposed to swap counterparty credit risk.

Risks Related to Force Majeure

| • | The existence of a prolonged force majeure event or a forced outage affecting a power plant, or the transmission systems could reduce our net income.

| • | Threats of terrorism may impact our operations in unpredictable ways and could adversely affect our business, financial condition, future results and cash flow.

Risks Related to Ownership of our Common Stock

| • | Future equity issuances, including through our current or any future equity compensation plans, could result in dilution, which could cause the price of our shares of common stock to decline.

| • | A substantial percentage of our common stock is held by stockholders whose interests may conflict with the interests of our other stockholders.

| • | The price of our common stock may fluctuate substantially, and your investment may decline in value.

| • | We may issue additional shares of our common stock in connection with conversions of the Notes, and thereby dilute our existing stockholders and potentially adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

| • | The fundamental change provisions of the Notes may delay or prevent an otherwise beneficial takeover attempt of us.

Investors are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results or outcomes may vary materially from those described herein. Other than as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements even though our situation may change in the future. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report and the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the “2023 Annual Report”) and any updates contained herein as well as those set forth in our reports and other filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

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Company Contact and Sources of Information

Our website is www.ormat.com. Information contained on our website is not part of this quarterly report. Information that we furnish to or file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to, or exhibits included in, these reports are made available for download, free of charge, through our website as soon as reasonably practicable. Our SEC filings, including exhibits filed therewith, are also available directly on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

We may use our website as a distribution channel of material company information. Financial and other important information regarding the Company is routinely posted on and accessible through our website at www.ormat.com. Accordingly, investors should monitor this channel, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts.

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General

Overview

We are a leading vertically integrated company that is primarily engaged in the geothermal energy power business. We leverage our core capabilities and global presence to expand our activity in recovered energy generation and into different energy storage services and solar PV (including hybrid geothermal and solar PV as well as Solar plus Energy Storage). Our objective is to become a leading global provider of renewable energy and help to mitigate climate change by providing a replacement to carbon-intensive energy sources. We have adopted a strategic plan to focus on several key initiatives to expand our business.

We currently conduct our business activities in three business segments:

| • | Electricity Segment. In the Electricity segment, we develop, build, own and operate geothermal, solar PV and recovered energy-based power plants in the United States and geothermal power plants in other countries around the world and sell the electricity they generate. In the three months ended March 31, 2024, we derived 75.2% of our Electricity segment revenues from our operations in the United States and 24.8% from the rest of the world.

| • | Product Segment. In the Product segment, we design, manufacture and sell equipment for geothermal and recovered energy-based electricity generation and provide services relating to the engineering, procurement and construction of geothermal and recovered energy-based power plants. In the three months ended March 31, 2024, we derived 3.5% of our Product segment revenues from our operations in the United States and 96.5% from the rest of the world.

| • | Energy Storage Segment. In the Energy Storage segment, we own and operate grid connected In Front of the Meter Battery Energy Storage Systems ("BESS"), which provide capacity, energy and/or ancillary services directly to the electric grid. In the three months ended March 31, 2024, we derived all of our Energy Storage segment revenues from our operations in the United States.

Our current generating portfolio of approximately 1.3 GW includes geothermal power plants in the United States, Kenya, Guatemala, Honduras, Guadeloupe and Indonesia, as well as energy storage facilities, recovered energy generation and Solar PV power plants in the United States.

Recent Developments

The most significant developments in our Company and business since January 1, 2024 are described below.

| • | In March 4, 2024, we announced the signing of a 30-year PPA with Electricité de France (EDF) for the development of a new 10MW geothermal power plant on the Island of Guadeloupe, in which we own a 63.75% equity interest. The new plant development will be added to Ormat’s existing 15MW Bouillante geothermal power plant. The project’s field development is completed with resource secured and is expected to be operational by the end of 2025.

| • | In February 12, 2024, we announced that the Hawai‘i Public Utilities Commission (HPUC) approved two final amendments to the PPA between its subsidiary, Puna Geothermal Venture (PGV), and Hawaiian Electric. This decision enables PGV to contribute up to an additional 8 megawatts of clean, dispatchable renewable power to Hawai`i Island, elevating the contract maximum capacity to 46 MW, with a minimum contracted capacity set at 30 MW. The approval follows PGV’s completion and submission of its final Environmental Impact Study (EIS) for operations in Puna, Hawai’i. The EIS was a condition set by the HPUC for approval of an amended and restated PPA that was submitted to the HPUC in December 2019.

| • | In January 4, 2024 we announced the closing of the acquisition of a portfolio of geothermal and solar assets from Enel Green Power North America (EGPNA), a subsidiary of Enel SpA (ENEL.MI, LLC), that was announced in October 2023. Under the agreement, Ormat paid $272 million for 100% of the equity interest in the portfolio assets. The acquired portfolio includes two contracted operating geothermal power plants and one triple hybrid geothermal, solar PV and solar thermal power plant with a total geothermal capacity of approximately 40 MW and Solar PV of 20MW, two Solar assets with a total nameplate capacity of 40 MW, and two greenfield development assets.

Trends and Uncertainties

Different trends, factors and uncertainties may impact our operations and financial condition, including many that we do not or cannot foresee. However, we believe that our results of operations and financial condition for the foreseeable future will be primarily affected by trends, factors and uncertainties discussed in our 2023 Annual Report under “Part II - Item 7 – Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation”, in addition to the information set forth in this quarterly report. These trends, factors and uncertainties are, from time to time, also subject to market cycles.

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Revenues

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, 93.3% of our Electricity segment revenues were from PPAs with fixed energy rates, which are not affected by fluctuations in energy commodity prices. We have a variable price PPA in Hawaii, which provides for payments based on the local utilities’ avoided cost, which is the incremental cost that the power purchaser avoids by not having to generate such electrical energy itself or purchase it from others. In Hawaii, the prices paid for electricity pursuant to the 25 MW PPA for the Puna Complex in Hawaii change primarily as a result of variations in the price of oil as well as other commodities. In 2019, we signed a new PPA related to Puna with fixed prices, increased capacity and extended the term until 2052. In February 2024 the HPUC approved two final amendments to the PPA that we expect will be in effect by the end of 2026.

To comply with obligations under their respective PPAs, certain of our project subsidiaries are structured as special purpose, bankruptcy remote entities and their assets and liabilities are ring-fenced. Such assets are not generally available to pay our debt, other than debt at the respective project subsidiary level. However, these project subsidiaries are allowed to pay dividends and make distributions of cash flows generated by their assets to us, subject in some cases to restrictions in debt instruments, as described below.

Electricity segment revenues are also subject to seasonal variations and are affected by higher-than-average ambient temperatures, as described below under “Seasonality”.

Revenues attributable to our Product segment are based on the sale of equipment, engineering, procurement and construction contracts and the provision of various services to our customers. Product segment revenues vary from period to period because of the timing of our receipt of purchase orders and the progress of our equipment manufacturing and execution of the relevant project.

Revenues attributable to our Energy Storage segment are generated by several grid-connected BESS facilities that we own and operate that sell energy, capacity and/or ancillary services in merchant markets like PJM Interconnect, ISO New England, ERCOT and CAISO. The revenues fluctuate over time since a large portion of such revenues are generated in the merchant markets, where price volatility is inherent.

The following table sets forth a breakdown of our revenues for the periods indicated:

|  | Revenue |  |  | Increase (decrease) |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  | $ | 191,253 |  |  | $ | 170,310 |  |  | $ | 20,943 |  |  |  | 12.3 | %
Product |  |  | 24,832 |  |  |  | 10,042 |  |  |  | 14,790 |  |  |  | 147.3 | %
Energy storage |  |  | 8,081 |  |  |  | 4,880 |  |  |  | 3,201 |  |  |  | 65.6 | %
Total |  | $ | 224,166 |  |  | $ | 185,232 |  |  | $ | 38,934 |  |  |  | 21.0 | %

|  | % of Revenues for Period Indicated |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  |  | 85.3 | % |  |  | 91.9 | %
Product |  |  | 11.1 |  |  |  | 5.4 |
Energy storage |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 2.6 |
Total |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  | 100.0 | %

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The following table sets forth the geographic breakdown of the revenues attributable to our Electricity, Product and Energy Storage segments for the periods indicated:

|  | Revenue |  |  | Increase (decrease) |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity Segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 143,816 |  |  | $ | 122,411 |  |  | $ | 21,405 |  |  |  | 17.5 | %
Foreign |  |  | 47,437 |  |  |  | 47,899 |  |  |  | (462 | ) |  |  | (1.0 | )
Total |  | $ | 191,253 |  |  | $ | 170,310 |  |  | $ | 20,943 |  |  |  | 12.3 | %
Product Segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 876 |  |  | $ | 1,441 |  |  | $ | (565 | ) |  |  | (39.2 | )%
Foreign |  |  | 23,956 |  |  |  | 8,601 |  |  |  | 15,355 |  |  |  | 178.5 |
Total |  | $ | 24,832 |  |  | $ | 10,042 |  |  | $ | 14,790 |  |  |  | 147.3 | %
Energy Storage Segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 8,081 |  |  | $ | 4,880 |  |  | $ | 3,201 |  |  |  | 65.6 | %
Total |  | $ | 8,081 |  |  | $ | 4,880 |  |  | $ | 3,201 |  |  |  | 65.6 | %

|  | % of Revenues for Period Indicated |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Electricity Segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  |  | 75.2 | % |  |  | 71.9 | %
Foreign |  |  | 24.8 |  |  |  | 28.1 |
Total |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  | 100.0 | %
Product Segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  |  | 3.5 | % |  |  | 14.3 | %
Foreign |  |  | 96.5 |  |  |  | 85.7 |
Total |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  | 100.0 | %
Energy Storage: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  | 100.0 | %
Total |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  | 100.0 | %

In the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, 32% and 31% of our total revenues, respectively, were derived from foreign locations. Our foreign operations had higher Electricity gross margins than our U.S. operations in each of those periods. A substantial portion of Electricity international revenues came from Kenya and to a lesser extent, from Honduras, Guadeloupe and Guatemala. Our operations in Kenya contributed disproportionately to gross profit and net income. The contribution to combined pre-tax income of our domestic and foreign operations within our Electricity segment and Product segment differ in a number of ways.

Electricity Segment. Our Electricity segment domestic revenues were approximately 75% and 72% of our total Electricity segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. However, domestic operations have higher costs of revenues and expenses than our foreign operations. Our foreign power plants are located in lower-cost regions, like Kenya, Guatemala, Honduras and Guadeloupe, which favorably impact payroll, and maintenance expenses among other items. Our power plants in foreign locations are also newer than most of our domestic power plants and therefore tend to have lower maintenance costs and higher availability factors than our domestic power plants. Consequently, in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the international operations of the segment accounted for 33% and 40% of our total gross profits, 51% and 54% of our net income (assuming the majority of corporate operating expenses and financing are recorded under our domestic jurisdiction) and 29% and 35% of our EBITDA, respectively.

Product Segment. Our Product segment foreign revenues were approximately 96% and 86% of our total Product segment revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Energy Storage Segment. Our Energy Storage segment domestic revenues were 100% of our total Energy storage segment revenues for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Seasonality

Electricity generation from some of our geothermal power plants is subject to seasonal variations. In the winter, our power plants produce more energy primarily attributable to the lower ambient temperature, which has a favorable impact on the energy component of our Electricity segment revenues as the prices under many of our contracts are fixed throughout the year with no time-of-use impact. The prices paid for electricity under the PPAs for the Mammoth Complex and the North Brawley power plant in California, the Raft River power plant in Idaho, the Neal Hot Springs power plant in Oregon and the Dixie Valley power plant in Nevada are higher in the months of June through September. The higher payments payable under these PPAs in the summer months partially offset the negative impact on our revenues from lower generation in the summer attributable to a higher ambient temperature. As a result, we expect the revenues and gross profit in the winter months to be higher than the revenues and gross profit in the summer months and in general we expect the first and fourth quarters to generate higher revenues than the second and third quarters.

Breakdown of Cost of Revenues

The principal cost of revenues attributable to our three segments are discussed in our 2023 Annual Report under “Part II - Item 7 – Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation”.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions

A comprehensive discussion of our critical accounting estimates and assumptions is included in our 2023 Annual Report under “Part II — Item 7 — Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.”

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements set forth in Item 1 of this quarterly report for information regarding new accounting pronouncements.

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Results of Operations

Our historical operating results in U.S. dollars and as a percentage of total revenues are presented below. A comparison of the different years described below may be of limited utility due to (i) our recent construction of power plants or enhancement of power plants; and (ii) fluctuation in revenues related to our Product segment.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
Statements of Operations Historical Data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  | $ | 191,253 |  |  | $ | 170,310 |
Product |  |  | 24,832 |  |  |  | 10,042 |
Energy storage |  |  | 8,081 |  |  |  | 4,880 |
Total Revenues |  |  | 224,166 |  |  |  | 185,232 |
Cost of revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  |  | 116,730 |  |  |  | 94,758 |
Product |  |  | 21,154 |  |  |  | 9,351 |
Energy storage |  |  | 7,472 |  |  |  | 5,054 |
Total cost of revenues |  |  | 145,356 |  |  |  | 109,163 |
Gross profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  |  | 74,523 |  |  |  | 75,552 |
Product |  |  | 3,678 |  |  |  | 691 |
Energy storage |  |  | 609 |  |  |  | (174 | )
Total gross profit |  |  | 78,810 |  |  |  | 76,069 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development expenses |  |  | 1,564 |  |  |  | 1,288 |
Selling and marketing expenses |  |  | 5,126 |  |  |  | 3,948 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 19,537 |  |  |  | 17,667 |
Operating income |  |  | 52,583 |  |  |  | 53,166 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  |  | 1,839 |  |  |  | 1,851 |
Interest expense, net |  |  | (30,968 | ) |  |  | (23,631 | )
Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses) |  |  | (1,582 | ) |  |  | (1,937 | )
Income attributable to sale of tax benefits |  |  | 17,476 |  |  |  | 12,566 |
Other non-operating income, net |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | 60 |
Income from operations before income tax and equity in earnings (losses) of investees |  |  | 39,374 |  |  |  | 42,075 |
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  | 147 |  |  |  | (8,885 | )
Equity in earnings of investees |  |  | 829 |  |  |  | 271 |
Net income |  |  | 40,350 |  |  |  | 33,461 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  | (1,763 | ) |  |  | (4,432 | )
Net income attributable to the Company's stockholders |  | $ | 38,587 |  |  | $ | 29,029 |
Earnings per share attributable to the Company's stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic: |  | $ | 0.64 |  |  | $ | 0.51 |
Diluted: |  | $ | 0.64 |  |  | $ | 0.51 |
Weighted average number of shares used in computation of earnings per share attributable to the Company's stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 60,386 |  |  |  | 56,710 |
Diluted |  |  | 60,536 |  |  |  | 57,104 |

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|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Statements of Operations Data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  |  | 85.3 | % |  |  | 91.9 | %
Product |  |  | 11.1 |  |  |  | 5.4 |
Energy storage |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 2.6 |
Total Revenues |  |  | 100.0 |  |  |  | 100.0 |
Cost of revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  |  | 61.0 |  |  |  | 55.6 |
Product |  |  | 85.2 |  |  |  | 93.1 |
Energy storage |  |  | 92.5 |  |  |  | 103.6 |
Total cost of revenues |  |  | 64.8 |  |  |  | 58.9 |
Gross profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electricity |  |  | 39.0 |  |  |  | 44.4 |
Product |  |  | 14.8 |  |  |  | 6.9 |
Energy storage |  |  | 7.5 |  |  |  | (3.6 | )
Total gross profit |  |  | 35.2 |  |  |  | 41.1 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development expenses |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 0.7 |
Selling and marketing expenses |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | 2.1 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 8.7 |  |  |  | 9.5 |
Operating income |  |  | 23.5 |  |  |  | 28.7 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 1.0 |
Interest expense, net |  |  | (13.8 | ) |  |  | (12.8 | )
Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses) |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  |  | (1.0 | )
Income attributable to sale of tax benefits |  |  | 7.8 |  |  |  | 6.8 |
Other non-operating income, net |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Income from operations before income tax and equity in earnings (losses) of investees |  |  | 17.6 |  |  |  | 22.7 |
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | (4.8 | )
Equity in earnings of investees |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Net income |  |  | 18.0 |  |  |  | 18.1 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  | (0.8 | ) |  |  | (2.4 | )
Net income attributable to the Company's stockholders |  |  | 17.2 | % |  |  | 15.7 | %

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Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

Total Revenues

The table below compares revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  |  |  |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | Change |
|  | (Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |
Electricity segment |  | $ | 191.3 |  |  | $ | 170.3 |  |  |  | 12.3 | %
Product segment |  |  | 24.8 |  |  |  | 10.0 |  |  |  | 147.3 |
Energy Storage segment |  |  | 8.1 |  |  |  | 4.9 |  |  |  | 65.6 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 224.2 |  |  | $ | 185.2 |  |  |  | 21.0 | %

Electricity Segment

Revenues attributable to our Electricity segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $191.3 million, compared to $170.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase of $20.9 million was mainly attributable to: (i) $9.4 million related to the geothermal and solar power plants included in the Enel purchase transaction which were consolidated by the Company starting the first quarter of 2024; (ii) $6.2 million related to the Heber 1 power plant which resumed operations in May 2023 after a temporary shutdown due to a fire incident that occurred in February 2022; (iii) $3.6 million related to the North Valley power plant which started commercial operations in April 2023; and (iv) $4.2 million related to the Puna power plant due to its higher generation in 2024. This increase was partially offset by lower revenues in smaller amounts at a number of other power plants.

Power generation in our power plants increased by 7.9% from 1,881,942 MWh in the three months ended March 31, 2023 to 2,029,849 MWh in the three months ended March 31, 2024. 71% of the increase was derived from the recent acquired assets from EGPNA.

Product Segment

Revenues attributable to our Product segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $24.8 million, compared to $10.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase of $14.8 million, or 147.3%, is primarily related to the progress in our projects and timing of when revenues are recognized during the period. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Product revenues included projects primarily in New Zealand and Indonesia, compared to projects in New Zealand, Nicaragua and Indonesia for which revenues were recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Energy Storage Segment

Revenues attributable to our Energy Storage segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $8.1 million compared to $4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase is related to the new energy storage facilities which commenced commercial operation during 2023, primarily Andover in June 2023 and Pomona 2 in July 2023, as well as higher energy rates at PJM Interconnection, LLC (“PJM”) and California Independent System Operator “(CAISO”) facilities in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period in the previous year.

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Total Cost of Revenues

The table below compares cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  |  |  |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | Change |
|  | (Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |
Electricity segment |  | $ | 116.7 |  |  | $ | 94.8 |  |  |  | 23.2 | %
Product segment |  |  | 21.2 |  |  |  | 9.4 |  |  |  | 126.2 |
Energy Storage segment |  |  | 7.5 |  |  |  | 5.1 |  |  |  | 47.8 |
Total cost of revenues |  | $ | 145.4 |  |  | $ | 109.2 |  |  |  | 33.2 | %

Electricity Segment

Total cost of revenues attributable to our Electricity segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $116.7 million, compared to $94.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase of $22.0 million was primarily attributable to: (i) $6.0 million related to the geothermal and solar power plants included in the Enel purchase transaction which were consolidated by the Company starting the first quarter of 2024; (ii) $6.7 million income from business interruption insurance proceeds related to the Puna power plant as a result of the damage caused by the Kilauea volcano eruption in May 2018, and which were included in 2023 compared to none in 2024; (iii) $1.9 million related to the North Valley power plant which started commercial operations in April 2023; and (iv) $3.4 million higher costs in Kenya and Guadeloupe, primarily due to higher depreciation resulting from capital investment projects in these two locations.

Our total Electricity segment cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was 61.0% of Electricity revenues, compared to 55.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, including the impact from business interruption insurance proceeds as described above. The cost of revenues attributable to our international power plants for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was 18.1% of our total Electricity segment cost of revenues for this period compared to 18.3% for the same period in the prior year.

Product Segment

Total cost of revenues attributable to our Product segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $21.2 million, compared to $9.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, which represented a 126.2% increase. This increase is primarily attributable to the increase in Product segment revenues, as discussed above. As a percentage of total Product segment revenues, our total cost of revenues attributable to our Product segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, was 85.2% and 93.1%, respectively, which results from different profitability of the different projects.

Energy Storage Segment

Cost of revenues attributable to our Energy Storage segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $7.5 million compared to $5.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase is related to the corresponding increase in Energy Storage revenues as described above.

Research and Development Expenses, Net

Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $1.6 million, compared to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in research and development expenses, net is primarily related to the timing of inputs invested in such related projects.

Selling and Marketing Expenses

Selling and marketing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $5.1 million compared to $3.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Selling and marketing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 constituted 2.3% and 2.1% of total revenues, respectively.

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General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $19.5 million compared to $17.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 constituted 8.7% and 9.5% of total revenues, respectively. The increase in general and administrative expenses is primarily attributable to timing of incurring services, including $1.3 million related to the Enel purchase transaction incurred in the first quarter of 2024, as well as higher amortization of stock options costs.

Interest Income

Interest Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $1.8 million, compared to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Interest income is primarily related to interest incurred on cash and cash equivalents held by the Company during the period.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $31.0 million, compared to $23.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase of $7.3 million was primarily attributable to interest cost relating to loan agreements entered into during, or subsequent to, the first quarter of 2023 such as: (i) the Mizrahi 2023 Loan entered into in November 2023; (ii) the Hapoalim 2023 Loan entered into in February 2023; (iii) the short-term commercial paper entered into in October 2023; (iv) the Hapoalim 2024 Loan entered into in January 2024; and (v) the HSBC Bank 2024 Loan entered into in January 2024. This increase was partially offset by lower interest expenses on other existing loans as a result of scheduled payments.

Derivatives and Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses)

Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains and losses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was a loss of $1.6 million, compared to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Derivatives and foreign currency transaction gains (losses) primarily includes losses from foreign currency forward contracts which were not accounted for as hedge transactions and impact of changes in the foreign currency exchange rate against the U.S. Dollar.

Income Attributable to Sale of Tax Benefits

Income attributable to the sale of tax benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $17.5 million, compared to $12.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This income primarily represents the value of production tax credits (“PTCs”) and taxable income or loss generated by certain of our power plants allocated to investors under tax equity transactions. This increase of $4.9 million is primarily related to the North Valley tax equity transaction entered into in October 2023, and income related to the expected sale of transferable production tax credits under the new IRA regulations of $4.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 that are primarily related to the Heber 1 power plant, compared to $1.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net

Other non-operating income (expense), net for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was income of $0.0 million, compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Income Taxes

Income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $0.1 million compared to income tax provision of $8.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, was (0.4)% and 21.1%, respectively. The effective rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the generation of investment tax credits of $11.5 million, and the jurisdictional mix of earnings at differing tax rates.

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Equity in Earnings (losses) of Investees, Net

Equity in earnings of investees, net for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was earnings of $0.8 million, compared to $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Equity in earnings (losses) of investees, net is derived from our 12.75% share in the earnings or losses in the Sarulla Consortium ("Sarulla") and our 49% share in the earnings or losses in the Ijen geothermal project. In the second quarter of 2022, Sarulla agreed with its banks on a framework that will enable it to perform remediation works that are aimed to restore the power plants' performance. The outcome of the first phase of the recovery plan is under evaluation towards the decision regarding the implementation of the second phase. As we determined that the current situation and circumstances related to our equity method investment in Sarulla are temporary, no impairment testing was required for the period.

Net Income Attributable to the Company’s Stockholders

Net income attributable to the Company’s stockholders for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $38.6 million, compared to $29.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, which represents an increase of $9.6 million. This increase was attributable to an increase of $6.9 million in net income which was affected by the explanations described above, and an decrease of $2.7 million in net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity have been derived from cash flows from operations, proceeds from third party debt such as borrowings under our credit facilities, private or public offerings and issuances of debt or equity securities, project financing and tax monetization transactions, short term borrowing under our lines of credit, and proceeds from the sale of equity interests in one or more of our projects. We have utilized this cash to develop and construct power plants, fund our acquisitions, pay down existing outstanding indebtedness, and meet our other cash and liquidity needs.

As of March 31, 2024, we had access to (i) $201.5 million in cash and cash equivalents, of which $55.9 million is held by our foreign subsidiaries; and (ii) $324.3 million of unused corporate borrowing capacity under existing committed lines for credit and letters of credit with different commercial banks.

Our estimated capital needs for the remainder of 2024 include $472.0 million for capital expenditures on new projects under development or construction including energy storage projects, exploration activity and maintenance capital expenditures for our existing projects. In addition, $163.3 million will be needed for long-term debt repayment.

We expect to finance these requirements with: (i) the sources of liquidity described above; (ii) positive cash flows from our operations; and (iii) future project financings and re-financings (including construction loans and tax equity). Management believes that, based on the current stage of implementation of our strategic plan, the sources of liquidity and capital resources described above will address our anticipated liquidity, capital expenditures, and other investment requirements.

As of March 31, 2024, we continue to maintain our assertion to no longer indefinitely reinvest foreign funds held by our foreign subsidiaries, and have accrued the incremental foreign withholding taxes. Accordingly, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, we included a foreign income tax expense of $0.4 million related to foreign withholding taxes on accumulated earnings of all of our foreign subsidiaries.

As described under Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, on January 2, 2024, the Company entered into two definitive loan agreements with Hapoalim Bank and with HSBC Bank under which these banks provided for two separate loans in an aggregate principal amount of $75 million, and $125 million, respectively. In addition, on March 28, 2024, a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company entered into a note purchase agreement with the Prudential Insurance Company of America, pursuant to which it issued $135 million principal amount of senior secured notes. In addition, as further described under Note 11, Subsequent Events, to the condensed consolidated financial statements, on April 4, 2024, the Company, through one of the its fully owned subsidiary, entered into a new $30 million subordinated loan agreement with DEG, and on April 18, 2024, it completed a drawdown of the full loan amount of $30 million.

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Letters of Credits Under Credit Agreements

Some of our customers require our project subsidiaries to post letters of credit in order to guarantee their respective performance under relevant contracts. We are also required to post letters of credit to secure our obligations under various leases and licenses and may, from time to time, decide to post letters of credit in lieu of cash deposits in reserve accounts under certain financing arrangements. In addition, our subsidiary, Ormat Systems, is required from time to time to post performance letters of credit in favor of our customers with respect to orders of products.

Credit Agreements |  | Amount Issued |  |  | Issued and Outstanding as of March 31, 2024 |  | Termination Date
|  | (Dollars in millions) |  |
Committed lines for credit and letters of credit |  | $ | 453.0 |  |  | $ | 128.7 |  | April 2024-November 2025
Committed lines for letters of credit |  |  | 155.0 |  |  |  | 74.9 |  | October 2024-August 2025
Non-committed lines |  |  | — |  |  |  | 73.8 |  | October 2024
Total |  | $ | 608.0 |  |  | $ | 277.4 |  |

Restrictive Covenants

Our obligations under the credit agreements, the loan agreements, and the trust instrument governing the bonds described above, are unsecured, but we are subject to a negative pledge in favor of the banks and the other lenders and certain other restrictive covenants. These include, among other things, restraints on: (i) creating any floating charge or any permanent pledge, charge or lien over our assets without obtaining the prior written approval of the lender; (ii) guaranteeing the liabilities of any third party without obtaining the prior written approval of the lender; and (iii) selling, assigning, transferring, conveying or disposing of all or substantially all of our assets, or a change of control in our ownership structure. Some of the credit agreements, the term loan agreements, and the trust instrument contain cross-default provisions with respect to other material indebtedness owed by us to any third party. In some cases, we have agreed to maintain certain financial ratios, which are measured quarterly, such as: (i) equity of at least $750 million and in no event less than 25% of total assets; and (ii) 12-month debt, net of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term bank deposits to Adjusted EBITDA ratio not to exceed 6.0. As of March 31, 2024: (i) total equity was $2,476.5 million and the actual equity to total assets ratio was 44.9% and (ii) the 12-month debt, net of cash, cash equivalents, to Adjusted EBITDA ratio was 4.13. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we distributed interim dividends in an aggregate amount of $7.2 million. The failure to perform or observe any of the covenants set forth in such agreements, subject to various cure periods, would result in the occurrence of an event of default and would enable the lenders to accelerate all amounts due under each such agreement.

As described above, we are currently in compliance with our covenants with respect to the credit agreements, the loan agreements and the trust instrument (except as described below), and believe that the restrictive covenants, financial ratios and other terms of any of our full-recourse bank credit agreements will not materially impact our business plan or operations.

As of March 31, 2024, we did not meet the dividend distribution criteria related to the DAC 1 Senior Secured Notes, which resulted in certain equity distribution restrictions from this related subsidiary.

Future minimum payments

Future minimum cash payments under long-term obligations (including long-term debt, lease obligations and financing liability), as of March 31, 2024, are as follows:

|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Year ending December 31: |  |  |  |
2024 |  | $ | 177,400 |
2025 |  |  | 240,432 |
2026 |  |  | 243,023 |
2027 |  |  | 669,354 |
2028 |  |  | 237,042 |
Thereafter |  |  | 903,810 |
Total |  | $ | 2,471,061 |

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Third-Party Debt

Our third-party debt consists of (i) non-recourse and limited-recourse project finance debt or acquisition financing debt that we or our subsidiaries have obtained for the purpose of developing and constructing, refinancing or acquiring our various projects; (ii) full-recourse debt incurred by us or our subsidiaries for general corporate purposes; (iii) financing liability related to the business combination purchase transaction of the Terra-Gen geothermal assets; (iv) convertible senior notes issued in the second quarter of 2022; and (v) short term revolving credit lines with banks.

Non-Recourse and Limited-Recourse Third-Party Debt

Loan |  | Amount Issued |  |  | Amount Outstanding as of March 31, 2024 |  |  | Interest Rate |  |  | Maturity Date |  | Related Project | Location
|  | (Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mammoth Senior secure Notes |  | $ | 135.1 |  |  | $ | 135.1 |  |  |  | 6.73 | % |  |  | 2047 |  | Mammoth Complex | U.S.
OFC 2 Senior Secured Notes – Series A |  |  | 151.7 |  |  |  | 63.9 |  |  |  | 4.67 | % |  |  | 2032 |  | McGinness Hills phase 1 and Tuscarora | U.S.
OFC 2 Senior Secured Notes – Series B |  |  | 140.0 |  |  |  | 78.6 |  |  |  | 4.61 | % |  |  | 2032 |  | McGinness Hills phase 2 | U.S.
Olkaria III Financing Agreement with DFC – Tranche 1 |  |  | 85.0 |  |  |  | 31.9 |  |  |  | 6.34 | % |  |  | 2030 |  | Olkaria III Complex | Kenya
Olkaria III Financing Agreement with DFC – Tranche 2 |  |  | 180.0 |  |  |  | 66.2 |  |  |  | 6.29 | % |  |  | 2030 |  | Olkaria III Complex | Kenya
Olkaria III Financing Agreement with DFC – Tranche 3 |  |  | 45.0 |  |  |  | 18.1 |  |  |  | 6.12 | % |  |  | 2030 |  | Olkaria III Complex | Kenya
Don A. Campbell Senior Secured Notes |  |  | 92.5 |  |  |  | 55.8 |  |  |  | 4.03 | % |  |  | 2033 |  | Don A. Campbell Complex | U.S.
Idaho Refinancing Note (1) |  |  | 61.6 |  |  |  | 57.2 |  |  |  | 6.26 | % |  |  | 2038 |  | Neal Hot Springs and Raft River | U.S.
U.S. Department of Energy Loan (2) |  |  | 96.8 |  |  |  | 31.7 |  |  |  | 2.60 | % |  |  | 2035 |  | Neal Hot Springs | U.S.
Prudential Capital Group Nevada Loan |  |  | 30.7 |  |  |  | 22.8 |  |  |  | 6.75 | % |  |  | 2037 |  | San Emidio | U.S.
Platanares Loan with DFC |  |  | 114.7 |  |  |  | 69.6 |  |  |  | 7.02 | % |  |  | 2032 |  | Platanares | Honduras
Géothermie Bouillante(3) |  |  | 8.9 |  |  |  | 3.1 |  |  |  | 1.52 | % |  |  | 2026 |  | Géothermie Bouillante | Guadeloupe
Géothermie Bouillante(3) |  |  | 8.9 |  |  |  | 3.7 |  |  |  | 1.93 | % |  |  | 2026 |  | Géothermie Bouillante | Guadeloupe
Total |  | $ | 1,150.9 |  |  | $ | 637.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

| 1. | Secured by equity interest.

| 2. | Secured by the assets.

| 3. | Loan issued in total aggregate amount of EUR 8.0 million.

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Full-Recourse Third-Party Debt

Loan |  | Amount Issued |  |  | Amount Outstanding as of March 31, 2024 |  |  | Interest Rate |  | Maturity Date
|  | (Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |
Hapoalim 2024 Loan |  | $ | 75.0 |  |  | $ | 75.0 |  |  |  | 6.60 | % | January 2032
HSBC Bank 2024 Loan (1) |  |  | 125.0 |  |  |  | 125.0 |  |  |  | 6.15 | % | January 2028
Mizrahi Loan |  |  | 75.0 |  |  |  | 60.9 |  |  |  | 4.10 | % | April 2030
Mizrahi 2023 Loan |  |  | 50.0 |  |  |  | 50.0 |  |  |  | 7.15 | % | October 2031
Hapoalim Loan |  |  | 125.0 |  |  |  | 80.4 |  |  |  | 3.45 | % | June 2028
Hapoalim Loan 2023 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  |  | 90.0 |  |  |  | 6.45 | % | February 2033
HSBC Loan |  |  | 50.0 |  |  |  | 32.1 |  |  |  | 3.45 | % | July 2028
Discount Loan |  |  | 100.0 |  |  |  | 68.8 |  |  |  | 2.90 | % | September 2029
Senior Unsecured Bonds Series 4 (2) |  |  | 289.8 |  |  |  | 217.3 |  |  |  | 3.35 | % | June 2031
Senior unsecured Loan 1 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  |  | 74.8 |  |  |  | 4.80 | % | March 2029
Senior unsecured Loan 2 |  |  | 50.0 |  |  |  | 37.4 |  |  |  | 4.60 | % | March 2029
Senior unsecured Loan 3 |  |  | 50.0 |  |  |  | 37.4 |  |  |  | 5.44 | % | March 2029
DEG Loan 2 |  |  | 50.0 |  |  |  | 22.5 |  |  |  | 6.28 | % | June 2028
DEG Loan 3 |  |  | 41.5 |  |  |  | 19.7 |  |  |  | 6.04 | % | June 2028
Total |  | $ | 1,281.3 |  |  | $ | 991.3 |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) Interest rate includes the effect of the IR Swap as further described under Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

(2) Bonds issued in total aggregate principal amount of NIS 1.0 billion.

Financing Liability - Dixie Valley

The financing liability is related to the business combination purchase transaction of the Terra-Gen geothermal assets. The financing liability outstanding amount as of March 31, 2024 is $223.3 million. The fianacing liability bears a fixed interest rate of 6.12% per annum, principal and interest are payable semi-annually, and it matures in June 2038.

Convertible Senior Notes

The convertible senior notes ("Notes") were issued in June 2022. The Notes bear annual interest of 2.5%, payable semiannually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on January 15, 2023. The Notes mature on July 15, 2027, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased and the outstanding aggregate amount of the Notes as of March 31, 2024 is $431.3 million.

Liquidity Impact of Uncertain Tax Positions

The Company has a liability associated with unrecognized tax benefits and related interest and penalties in the amount of approximately $9.3 million as of March 31, 2024. This liability is included in long-term liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet because we generally do not anticipate that settlement of the liability will require payment of cash within the next twelve months. We are not able to reasonably estimate when we will make any cash payments required to settle this liability.

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Dividends

The following are the dividends declared by us since March 31, 2022:

Date Declared |  | Dividend Amount per Share |  | Record Date | Payment Date
May 2, 2022 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | May 16, 2022 | May 31, 2022
August 3, 2022 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | August 17, 2022 | August 31, 2022
November 2, 2022 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | November 16, 2022 | November 30, 2022
February 22, 2023 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | March 8, 2023 | March 22, 2023
May 9, 2023 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | May 23, 2023 | June 6, 2023
August 2, 2023 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | August 16, 2023 | August 30, 2023
November 8, 2023 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | November 22, 2023 | December 6, 2023
February 21, 2024 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | March 6, 2024 | March 20, 2024
May 8, 2024 |  | $ | 0.12 |  | May 22, 2024 | June 5, 2024

Historical Cash Flows

The following table sets forth the components of our cash flows for the periods indicated:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | $ | 115,209 |  |  | $ | 56,456 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (377,834 | ) |  |  | (111,177 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 273,944 |  |  |  | 350,381 |
Translation adjustments on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (128 | ) |  |  | (14 | )
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 11,191 |  |  | $ | 295,646 |

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $115.2 million, compared to $56.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, representing an increase of $58.8 million. Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily attributable to higher net income, adjusted for certain non-cash items, and a cash inflow related to the net decrease in trade receivables of $57.2 million, due to timing of collection from our customers. This was partially offset by (i) a net decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $16.3 million as a result of timing of payments to our suppliers; (ii) a net increase of $2.5 million in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts and billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts, as a result of timing of billing to our customers; (iii) an increase in inventories of $8.8 million, primarily related to timing of allocating costs to projects under construction; and (iv) an increase in prepaid expenses and other of $3.7 million, primarily related to timing of prepayments to suppliers and governmental authorities. Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily attributable to net income of $33.5 million for the period, adjusted for certain non-cash items, and by: (i) a net increase in receivables of $26.6 million, primarily related to timing of collection from our customers; (ii) an increase in inventories of $22.6 million, primarily related to timing of allocating costs to projects under construction; and (iii) an increase in prepaid expenses and others of $15.9 million due to timing of prepayments to suppliers and governmental authorities. This was partially offset by (i) a net increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $22.2 million, primarily as a result of timing of payments to our suppliers; and (ii) a net increase of $15.1 million in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts and billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts, as a result of timing of billing to our customers.

Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $377.8 million, compared to $111.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The principal factors that affected our net cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were: (i) cash paid for the business acquisition of Enel of $274.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to none in the same period of the prior year, as further described under Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements; and (ii) capital expenditures of $103.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $106.9 million, in the same period of the prior year, primarily for our facilities under construction that support our growth plan.

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Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $273.9 million, compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $350.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The principal factors that affected the net cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 were: (i) net proceeds of $331.3 million from the Hapoalim 2024 Loan, the HSBC 2024 Loan, and the Mammoth Senior Secured Notes, entered into during the quarter; and (ii) cash received from noncontrolling interest in the amount of $12.3 million. These cash inflows were primarily offset by: (i) scheduled repayments of long-term debt in the amount of $37.8 million, (ii) cash dividend payment of $7.2 million; (iii) cash paid to noncontrolling interest of $3.2 million; and (iv) net repayments of revolving credit lines with banks of $20.0 million. The principal factors that affected our net cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 were: (i) net proceeds of $99.9 million from the Hapoalim 2023 Loan; (ii) proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of $297.1 million; and (iii) cash received from noncontrolling interest in the amount of $7.3 million. These cash inflows were primarily offset by: (i) scheduled repayments of long-term debt in the amount of $42.8 million; (ii) cash paid to noncontrolling interest of $3.0 million; and (iii) cash dividend payment of $6.7 million.

Non-GAAP Measures: EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

We calculate EBITDA as net income before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion, adjusted for (i) mark-to-market gains or losses from accounting for derivatives not designated as hedging instruments; (ii) stock-based compensation, (iii) merger and acquisition transaction costs; (iv) gain or loss from extinguishment of liabilities; (v) cost related to a settlement agreement; (vi) non-cash impairment charges; (vii) write-off of unsuccessful exploration activities; and (viii) other unusual or non-recurring items. We adjust for these factors as they may be non-cash, unusual in nature and/or are not factors used by management for evaluating operating performance. We believe that presentation of these measures will enhance an investor’s ability to evaluate our financial and operating performance. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not measurements of financial performance or liquidity under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP, and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities or as a measure of liquidity or an alternative to net earnings as indicators of our operating performance or any other measures of performance derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our Board of Directors and senior management use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate our financial performance. However, other companies in our industry may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do.

Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $40.4 million compared to $33.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $141.2 million compared to $123.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

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The following table reconciles net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Net income |  | $ | 40,350 |  |  | $ | 33,461 |
Adjusted for: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net (including amortization of deferred financing costs) |  |  | 29,129 |  |  |  | 21,780 |
Income tax provision (benefit) |  |  | (147 | ) |  |  | 8,885 |
Adjustment to investment in an unconsolidated companies: our proportionate share in interest expense, tax and depreciation and amortization in Sarulla and Ijen |  |  | 3,352 |  |  |  | 2,982 |
Depreciation, amortization and accretion |  |  | 61,676 |  |  |  | 52,396 |
EBITDA |  | $ | 134,360 |  |  | $ | 119,504 |
Mark-to-market (gains) or losses from accounting for derivative |  |  | 813 |  |  |  | 993 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 4,769 |  |  |  | 2,990 |
Merger and acquisition transaction costs |  |  | 1,299 |  |  |  | — |
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 141,241 |  |  | $ | 123,487 |

In May 2014, the Sarulla consortium ("SOL") closed $1,170 million in financing through SOL. As of March 31, 2024, the SOL credit facility had an outstanding balance of $755.2 million. Our proportionate share in the SOL credit facility is $96.3 million. In the second quarter of 2022, Sarulla agreed with its banks on a framework that will enable it to perform remediation works that are aimed to restore the power plants' performance. The outcome of the first phase of the recovery plan is under evaluation towards the decision regarding the implementation of the second phase. As we determined that the current situation and circumstances related to our equity method investment in Sarulla are temporary, no impairment testing was required for the period.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures primarily relate to: (i) the development and construction of new power plants, (ii) the enhancement of our existing power plants; and (iii) investment in activities under our strategic plan.

The following is an overview of projects that are fully released for construction.

Zunil Upgrade (Guatemala). We are expanding the Zunil geothermal power plant in Guatemala to add 5MW of additional capacity. We are planning to sell the electricity generated under the existing PPA with the local utility, Institute Nacional de Electrification or “INDE”. Construction has been completed and drilling is still ongoing. Commercial operation is expected in the fourth quarter of 2024.

Beowawe Upgrade (Nevada). We are currently in the process of upgrading the Beowawe project that we recently acquired. We are planning to replace the old equipment with new advanced technology equipment that will add a net capacity of 9MW. Construction is near completion and commissioning activities commenced. Operation is expected in the third quarter of 2024.

Beowawe Solar (Nevada). We are currently developing a Solar PV power plant adjacent to our geothermal Beowawe power plant in Nevada. The project is expected to generate approximately 6MW that will be used for the ancillary needs of the geothermal power plant and will free a similar amount of MW to be sold from the geothermal resource under its PPA. Equipment deliveries ongoing and we expect completion in 2024, generation is not allowed under the geothermal PPA until January 2025.

Bouillante repowering (Guadeloupe). We are currently in the process of upgrading the Bouillante project and planning to install a new Ormat energy converter that will add net capacity of 10MW. Engineering and procurement activities are ongoing and a PPA was recently signed. We expect commercial operation in the fourth quarter of 2025.

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Topp 2 (New Zealand). We are developing the 50MW Topp 2 geothermal power plant in New Zealand which was recently released for construction. We signed an agreement with Eastland Generation Limited (EGL), under which the Company will design, build, commission and own the power plant. EGL will operate and maintain the power plant under a separate services arrangement. As part of the development agreement with EGL, the Company has granted EGL a contractual option to purchase the power plant at an agreed purchase price, subject to certain conditions. Engineering, procurement and manufacturing activities are ongoing. We expect commercial operation by the fourth quarter of 2025.

Dominica (Dominica Island). We are developing the 10MW Dominica power plant in the Caribbean country of Dominica under a BOT agreement. We recently signed a PPA with Dominica Electricity Services Ltd. Engineering, procurement and manufacturing activities are ongoing.We expect commercial operation by the fourth quarter of 2025.

Puna Expansion (Hawaii). We are replacing the old power plant equipment with state-of-the-art Ormat equipment. In addition, we are planning to add 8MW. The HPUC recently approved a new PPA for the Puna complex that carries fixed energy and capacity rates, increases the contracted capacity and extends the duration. We expect commercial operation in the second half of 2026.

In addition, we are in the process of repowering the Ormesa, Neal Hot Springs, Puna and Desert Peak power plants. In the Energy Storage segment, we commenced operation of five assets since the beginning of the year and we are in the process of constructing several facilities as detailed below, two of which recently were released:

Project Name | Size | Location | Customer | Expected COD
Bottleneck | 80MW/320MWh | CA | CAISO | Q2 2024
Montague | 20MW/20MWh | NJ | PJM | Q1 2025
Lower Rio | 60MW/120MWh | TX | ERCOT | H1 2025
Arrowleaf | 35MW/140MWh | CA | SDCP | H1 2025
Bird Dog | 60MW/120MWh | CA | SDCP | H2 2025
Shirk | 80MW/320MWh | CA | CAISO | H2 2025

We have budgeted approximately $588.0 million in capital expenditures for construction of new projects and enhancements to our existing power plants, of which we had invested $153.0 million as of March 31, 2024. We expect to invest approximately $147.0 million in the rest of 2024 and the remaining approximately $288.0 million thereafter.

In addition, we estimate approximately $325.0 million in additional capital expenditures in 2024 to be allocated as follows: (i) approximately $57.0 million for the exploration, drilling and development of new projects and enhancements of existing power plants that are not yet released for full construction; (ii) approximately $50.0 million for maintenance capital expenditures for our operating power plants; (iii) approximately $196.0 million for the construction and development of energy storage projects; and (iv) approximately $22.0 million for enhancements to our production facilities.

In the aggregate, we estimate our total capital expenditures for the last three quarters of 2024 to be approximately $472.0 million.

Exposure to Market Risks

Based on current conditions, we believe that we have sufficient financial resources to fund our activities and execute our business plans. However, the cost of obtaining financing for our project needs may increase significantly or such financing may be difficult to obtain.

We, like other power plant operators, are exposed to electricity price volatility risk. Our exposure to such market risk is currently limited (except for 25 MW PPA for the Puna complex) because the majority of our long-term PPAs have fixed or escalating rate provisions that limit our exposure to changes in electricity prices. Our energy storage projects sell primarily on a "merchant" basis and are exposed to changes in the electricity market prices.

The Puna Complex is currently benefiting from energy prices which are higher than the floor under the 25 MW PPA for the Puna Complex as a result of higher fuel costs that impact HELCO's avoided cost. We signed a new PPA for Puna that was recently approved by the HPUC, that carries fixed energy and capacity rates and de-links it from oil prices, as discussed above.

As of March 31, 2024, 100.0% of our consolidated long-term debt was at fixed interest rates, and therefore was not subject to interest rate volatility risk. Our short-term commercial paper, which was issued on October 23, 2023, bears an annual interest rate of three months SOFR plus 1.1%, therefore presents an exposure to interest rate volatility. The outstanding amount of the short-term commercial paper as of March 31, 2024 was $100.0 million.

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Our cash equivalents are subject to interest rate risk. We currently maintain our surplus cash in short-term, interest-bearing bank deposits, money market funds, corporate bonds and debt securities that are classified as available for sale (with a minimum investment grade rating of A+ by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services).

We are also exposed to foreign currency exchange risk, in particular the fluctuation of the U.S. dollar versus the New Israeli Shekels ("NIS") in Israel and the Euro. Risks attributable to fluctuations in currency exchange rates can arise when we or any of our foreign subsidiaries borrow funds or incur operating or other expenses in one type of currency but receive revenues in another. In such cases, an adverse change in exchange rates can reduce such subsidiary’s ability to meet its debt service obligations, reduce the amount of cash and income we receive from such foreign subsidiary, or increase such subsidiary’s overall expenses. In Kenya, the tax related asset and liability are recorded in Kenyan Shillings ("KES"), therefore, any change in the exchange rate in the KES versus the U.S. dollar has an impact on our financial results. Risks attributable to fluctuations in the foreign currency exchange rates can also arise when the currency denomination of a particular contract is not the U.S. dollar. Substantially all of our PPAs in the international markets are either U.S. dollar-denominated or linked to the U.S. dollar except for our operations on Guadeloupe, where we own and operate the Boulliante power plant which sells its power under a Euro-denominated PPA with Électricité de France S.A. Our construction contracts from time to time contemplate costs which are incurred in local currencies. The way we often mitigate such risk is to receive part of the proceeds from the contract in the currency in which the expenses are incurred. Currently, we have forward and cross-currency swap contracts in place to reduce our NIS/U.S. dollar currency exposure and expect to continue to use currency exchange and other derivative instruments to the extent we deem such instruments to be the appropriate tool for managing such exposure.

On July 1, 2020, we concluded an auction tender and accepted subscriptions for senior unsecured bonds comprised of NIS 1.0 billion aggregate principal amount (the “Senior Unsecured Bonds - Series 4”). The Senior Unsecured Bonds - Series 4 were issued in New Israeli Shekels and converted to approximately $290 million using a cross-currency swap transaction shortly after the completion of such issuance.

In June 2022, we issued $431.3 million aggregate principal amount of our 2.5% convertible senior notes due in 2027. The Notes bear annual interest of 2.5%, payable semiannually in arrears, and mature on July 15, 2027, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased.

We performed a sensitivity analysis on the fair values of our long-term debt obligations, commercial paper and foreign currency exchange forward contracts. The foreign currency exchange forward contracts listed below principally relate to trading activities. The sensitivity analysis involved increasing and decreasing forward rates at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 by a hypothetical 10% and calculating the resulting change in the fair values.

At this time, the development of our strategic plan has not exposed us to any additional market risk. However, as the implementation of the plan progresses, we may be exposed to additional or different market risks.

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The results of the sensitivity analysis calculations as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are presented below:

|  | Assuming a 10% Increase in Rates |  |  | Assuming a 10% Decrease in Rates |  |
Risk |  | March 31, 2024 |  |  | December 31, 2023 |  |  | March 31, 2024 |  |  | December 31, 2023 |  | Change in the Fair Value of
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |  |
Foreign Currency |  | $ | (1,763 | ) |  | $ | (3,191 | ) |  | $ | 2,154.7 |  |  | $ | 3,901 |  | Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
Interest Rate |  |  | (5,378 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,779 |  |  |  | — |  | Mammoth Senior Secured Notes
Interest Rate |  |  | (772 | ) |  |  | (754 | ) |  |  | 787 |  |  |  | 769 |  | Mizrahi Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (1,100 | ) |  |  | (1,090 | ) |  |  | 1,138 |  |  |  | 1,127 |  | Mizrahi Loan 2023
Interest Rate |  |  | (1,000 | ) |  |  | (1,080 | ) |  |  | 1,022 |  |  |  | 1,105 |  | Hapoalim Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (1,988 | ) |  |  | (2,142 | ) |  |  | 2,055 |  |  |  | 2,216 |  | Hapoalim Loan 2023
Interest Rate |  |  | (1,638 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,693 |  |  |  | — |  | Hapoalim 2024 Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (427 | ) |  |  | (462 | ) |  |  | 437 |  |  |  | 473 |  | HSBC Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (2,056 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,104 |  |  |  | — |  | HSBC Bank 2024 Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (1,011 | ) |  |  | (1,067 | ) |  |  | 1,036 |  |  |  | 1,093 |  | Discount Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (9,783 | ) |  |  | (3,292 | ) |  |  | 10,144 |  |  |  | 3,401 |  | Financing Liability
Interest Rate |  |  | (3,067 | ) |  |  | (3,158 | ) |  |  | 3,177 |  |  |  | 3,271 |  | OFC 2 Senior Secured Notes
Interest Rate |  |  | (2,406 | ) |  |  | (2,532 | ) |  |  | 2,486 |  |  |  | 2,617 |  | DFC Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (4,605 | ) |  |  | (4,593 | ) |  |  | 4,779 |  |  |  | 4,762 |  | Senior Unsecured Bonds
Interest Rate |  |  | (350 | ) |  |  | (379 | ) |  |  | 359 |  |  |  | 390 |  | DEG 2 Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (1,302 | ) |  |  | (1,334 | ) |  |  | 1,358 |  |  |  | 1,392 |  | DAC 1 Senior Secured Notes
Interest Rate |  |  | (3,100 | ) |  |  | (3,230 | ) |  |  | 3,202 |  |  |  | 3,337 |  | Migdal Loan and the Additional Migdal Loan and the Second Addendum Migdal Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (898 | ) |  |  | (913 | ) |  |  | 955 |  |  |  | 971 |  | San Emidio Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (657 | ) |  |  | (667 | ) |  |  | 681 |  |  |  | 691 |  | DOE Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (2,193 | ) |  |  | (2,239 | ) |  |  | 2,350 |  |  |  | 2,399 |  | Idaho Holdings Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (1,789 | ) |  |  | (1,854 | ) |  |  | 1,862 |  |  |  | 1,929 |  | Platanares DFC Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (289 | ) |  |  | (313 | ) |  |  | 296 |  |  |  | 321 |  | DEG 3 Loan
Interest Rate |  |  | (153 | ) |  |  | (151 | ) |  |  | 154 |  |  |  | 152 |  | Commercial paper
Interest Rate |  |  | (54 | ) |  |  | (54 | ) |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | 55 |  | Other long-term loans

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Effect of Inflation

We have seen an increase in overall operating and other costs since early 2022 as the result of higher inflation rates, in particular in the United States. To address the possibility of rising inflation, some of our contracts include certain provisions that mitigate inflation risk.

In connection with the Electricity segment, none of our U.S. PPAs, including the SCPPA Portfolio PPA, are directly linked to the Consumer Price Index ("CPI"). Inflation may directly impact an expense we incur for the operation of our projects, thereby increasing our overall operating costs and reducing our profit and gross margin. The negative impact of inflation would be partially offset by price adjustments built into some of our PPAs that could be triggered upon such occurrences. In addition to part of the Puna rates that are impacted by higher commodity prices, the energy payments pursuant to our PPAs for some of our power plants such as the Brady power plant, the Steamboat 2 and 3 power plants and the McGinness Complex increase every year through the end of the relevant terms of such agreements, although such increases are not directly linked to the CPI or any other inflationary index. Lease payments are generally fixed, while royalty payments are generally calculated as a percentage of revenues and therefore are not significantly impacted by inflation. In our Product segment, inflation may directly impact fixed and variable costs incurred in the construction of third party power plants, thereby lowering our profit margins at the Product segment. We are more likely to be able to offset long term, all or part of this inflationary impact through our project pricing. With respect to power plants that we build for our own electricity production, inflationary pricing may impact our operating costs which may be partially offset in the pricing of the new long-term PPAs that we negotiate.

Interest rate increases for both short-term and long-term debt have increased sharply. Although our outstanding debt mostly bears fixed interest rates, as we refinance it, or borrow additional amounts, we may incur additional interest expense versus expiring loans.

In recent months, we saw a slowdown in increases in inflation rates and increases in raw materials costs that we believe have begun to return to normal levels.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

We have various contractual obligations, which are recorded as liabilities in our consolidated condensed financial statements. Other items are not recognized as liabilities in our consolidated condensed financial statements but are required to be disclosed. There have been no material changes, outside of the ordinary course of business, to our contractual obligations as previously disclosed in our 2023 Annual Report.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Our credit risk is currently concentrated with the following major customers: Sierra Pacific Power Company and Nevada Power Company (subsidiaries of NV Energy), SCPPA and KPLC. If any of these electric utilities fail to make payments under its PPAs with us, such failure would have a material adverse impact on our financial condition. Also, as we implement our multi-year strategic plan we may be exposed, by expanding our customer base, to different credit profile customers than our current customers.

The Company's revenues from its primary customers as a percentage of total revenues are as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Sierra Pacific Power Company and Nevada Power Company |  |  | 16.8 | % |  |  | 18.9 | %
Southern California Public Power Authority (“SCPPA”) |  |  | 24.7 | % |  |  | 26.7 | %
Kenya Power and Lighting Co. Ltd. ("KPLC") |  |  | 12.2 | % |  |  | 14.5 | %

We have historically been able to collect on substantially all of our receivable balances. As of March 31, 2024, the amount overdue from KPLC in Kenya was $40.0 million of which $12.4 million was paid in April 2024. In Honduras, as of March 31, 2024, the total amount overdue from Empresa Nacional de Energía Eléctrica ("ENEE") was $16.9 million of which none was paid to date. In addition, due to the financial situation in Honduras, the Company may experience further delays in collection. The Company believes it will be able to collect all past due amounts in Honduras.

Government Grants and Tax Benefits

A comprehensive discussion on government grants and tax benefits is included in our 2023 Annual Report.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The information appearing under the headings “Exposure to Market Risks” and “Concentration of Credit Risk” in Part I, Item 2 of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q is incorporated by reference herein.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

a. Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO (principal executive officer) and CFO (principal financial officer), as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

As required by Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2024. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2024 to provide the reasonable assurance described above.

b. Changes in internal control over financial reporting

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting in the first quarter of 2024 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The information required with respect to this item can be found under “Commitments and Contingencies” in Note 9 of notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contained in this quarterly report and is incorporated by reference into this Item 1.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

A comprehensive discussion of our other risk factors is included in the “Risk Factors” section of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 which was filed with the SEC on February 23, 2024. The risks described in our Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. During the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, there have been no material changes in our risk factors previously disclosed in our 2023 Annual Report.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

(a) None.

(b) None

(c) During the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2023, none of our directors or officers adopted, modified or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

We hereby file, as exhibits to this quarterly report, those exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index below.

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No. | Document
31.1* | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.
31.2* | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.
32.1# | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, furnished herewith.
32.2# | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, furnished herewith.
101.SC* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CA* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DE* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LA* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PR* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (Embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101)
* | Filed herewith
# | Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| ORMAT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. |
| By: | /s/ ASSAF GINZBURG |
| Name: | Assaf Ginzburg |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer and Authorized Signatory |

Date: May 10, 2024

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