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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Note 3 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Aging and Non-Accrual Analysis

The following tables provide a summary of current, accruing past due, and non-accrual loans by portfolio class as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.


	December 31, 2025
(in thousands)	Current		Accruing 30-89 Days Past Due		Accruing 90 Days or Greater Past Due		Total Accruing Past Due		Non-accrual with an ALL		Non-accrual without an ALL		Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	16,029,058	$	17,901	$	2,491	$	20,392	$	120,713	$	4,582	$	16,174,745
Owner-occupied	8,082,877		4,845		—		4,845		25,830		367		8,113,919
Total commercial and industrial(1)	24,111,935		22,746		2,491		25,237		146,543		4,949		24,288,664
Investment properties	11,243,037		1,217		—		1,217		34,679		989		11,279,922
1-4 family properties	538,285		1,115		18		1,133		2,728		32		542,178
Land and development	274,582		531		—		531		182		—		275,295
Total commercial real estate	12,055,904		2,863		18		2,881		37,589		1,021		12,097,395
Consumer mortgages	5,160,701		5,187		—		5,187		45,354		1,618		5,212,860
Home equity	1,816,272		15,532		—		15,532		13,024		163		1,844,991
Credit cards	182,283		1,773		1,772		3,545		—		—		185,828
Other consumer loans	979,571		10,322		—		10,322		5,996		—		995,889
Total consumer	8,138,827		32,814		1,772		34,586		64,374		1,781		8,239,568
Loans, net of deferred fees and costs(1)(2)	$	44,306,666	$	58,423	$	4,281	$	62,704	$	248,506	$	7,751	$	44,625,627


	December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Current		Accruing 30-89 Days Past Due		Accruing 90 Days or Greater Past Due		Total Accruing Past Due		Non-accrual with an ALL		Non-accrual without an ALL		Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	14,352,839	$	12,947	$	10,332	$	23,279	$	98,145	$	24,729	$	14,498,992
Owner-occupied	7,754,052		7,700		36,005		43,705		21,119		13,261		7,832,137
Total commercial and industrial(1)	22,106,891		20,647		46,337		66,984		119,264		37,990		22,331,129
Investment properties	11,105,168		2,006		—		2,006		74,030		—		11,181,204
1-4 family properties	541,897		1,636		—		1,636		2,385		—		545,918
Land and development	284,793		1,113		202		1,315		1,389		—		287,497
Total commercial real estate	11,931,858		4,755		202		4,957		77,804		—		12,014,619
Consumer mortgages	5,228,580		9,362		—		9,362		50,834		—		5,288,776
Home equity	1,800,614		13,131		177		13,308		17,365		—		1,831,287
Credit cards	182,435		1,573		1,863		3,436		—		—		185,871
Other consumer loans	940,608		10,818		13		10,831		5,907		—		957,346
Total consumer	8,152,237		34,884		2,053		36,937		74,106		—		8,263,280
Loans, net of deferred fees and costs(1)(2)	$	42,190,986	$	60,286	$	48,592	$	108,878	$	271,174	$	37,990	$	42,609,028

(1) The amortized cost basis of loans, net of deferred fees and costs excludes accrued interest receivable of $214.7 million and $217.1 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which is presented as a component of other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. See "Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 6 - Other Assets" in this Report for more information on other assets.

(2) Loans are presented net of deferred loan fees and costs totaling $46.7 million and $34.1 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Pledged Loans

Loans with carrying values of $12.83 billion and $24.66 billion, respectively, were pledged as collateral for borrowings and capacity at December 31, 2025 and 2024 respectively, to the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank.

Portfolio Segment Risk Factors

The risk characteristics and collateral information of each portfolio segment are as follows:

Commercial and Industrial Loans - The C&I loan portfolio is comprised of general middle market and commercial banking clients across a diverse set of industries, as well as certain specialized lending verticals including specialty finance, seniors housing, and CIB. In accordance with Synovus' lending policy, each loan undergoes a detailed underwriting process, which incorporates uniform underwriting standards and oversight in proportion to the size and complexity of the lending relationship. These loans are generally secured by collateral such as business equipment, inventory, and real estate. Credit decisions on loans in the C&I portfolio are based on cash flow from the operations of the business as the primary source of repayment of the debt, with underlying real estate or other collateral being the secondary source of repayment.

Commercial Real Estate Loans - CRE loans primarily consist of income-producing investment properties loans. Additionally, CRE loans include 1-4 family properties loans as well as land and development loans. Investment properties loans consist of construction and mortgage loans for income-producing properties and are primarily made to finance multi-family properties, hotels, office buildings, shopping centers, warehouses and other commercial development properties. 1-4 family properties loans include construction loans to homebuilders and commercial mortgage loans related to 1-4 family rental properties and are almost always secured by the underlying property being financed by such loans. These properties are primarily located in the markets served by Synovus. Land and development loans include commercial and residential development as well as land acquisition loans and are secured by land held for future development, typically in excess of one year. Properties securing these loans are substantially within markets served by Synovus, and our preference is to obtain some level of recourse from project sponsors. Loans in this portfolio are underwritten based on the LTV of the collateral and the capacity of the guarantor(s).

Consumer Loans - The consumer loan portfolio consists of a wide variety of loan products offered through Synovus' banking network, including first and second residential mortgages, home equity, and consumer credit card loans, as well as home improvement loans, student, and personal loans from third-party lending ("other consumer loans"). Together, consumer mortgages and home equity comprise the majority of Synovus' consumer loans and are secured by first and second liens on residential real estate primarily located in the markets served by Synovus. The primary source of repayment for all consumer loans is generally the personal income of the borrower(s).

Credit Quality Indicators

The credit quality of the loan portfolio is reviewed and updated no less frequently than annually using the standard asset classification system utilized by the federal banking agencies. These classifications are divided into three groups: Not Criticized (Pass), Special Mention, and Classified or Adverse rating (Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss) and are defined as follows:

Pass - loans which are well protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor (or guarantors, if any) or by the fair value, less cost to acquire and sell in a timely manner, of any underlying collateral.

Special Mention - loans which have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. These loans are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant an adverse classification.

Substandard - loans which are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. Loans with this classification are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful - loans which have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified as Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values.

Loss - loans which are considered by management to be uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance on the institution's books as an asset, without establishment of a specific valuation allowance or charge-off, is not warranted. Synovus fully reserves for any loans rated as Loss.

In the following tables, consumer loans are generally assigned a risk grade similar to the classifications described above; however, upon reaching 90 days past due, they are generally downgraded to Substandard, and upon reaching 120-180 days past due, they are generally evaluated for charge-off, in accordance with the FFIEC Retail Credit Classification Policy. Additionally, in accordance with Interagency Supervisory Guidance, the risk grade classifications of consumer loans (consumer mortgages and home equity) secured by junior liens on 1-4 family residential properties also consider available information on the payment status of the associated senior liens with other financial institutions.

The following tables summarize each loan portfolio class by regulatory risk grade and origination year as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 as required by CECL.


	December 31, 2025
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Amortized Cost Basis		Converted to Term Loans		Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural
Pass	$	2,292,774	$	1,182,046	$	845,347	$	682,444	$	1,019,472	$	1,910,543	$	7,575,472	$	132,487	$	15,640,585
Special Mention	1,817		36,455		30,609		3,329		10,213		5,342		36,660		1,484		125,909
Substandard	20,258		3,864		34,593		40,538		9,219		46,685		208,577		78		363,812
Doubtful	—		36,986		—		—		4,911		—		1,703		—		43,600
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		36		803		—		839
Total commercial, financial, and agricultural	2,314,849		1,259,351		910,549		726,311		1,043,815		1,962,606		7,823,215		134,049		16,174,745
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	673		13,370		4,497		1,347		1,846		3,591		17,420		—		42,744
Owner-occupied
Pass	1,706,208		765,943		820,099		1,262,658		976,305		1,781,091		576,005		—		7,888,309
Special Mention	402		—		19,338		2,721		5,711		16,501		—		—		44,673
Substandard	3,808		2,748		19,531		45,305		22,351		80,197		6,997		—		180,937


Total owner-occupied	1,710,418		768,691		858,968		1,310,684		1,004,367		1,877,789		583,002		—		8,113,919
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		164		364		—		3,731		—		—		4,259
Total commercial and industrial	4,025,267		2,028,042		1,769,517		2,036,995		2,048,182		3,840,395		8,406,217		134,049		24,288,664
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	$	673	$	13,370	$	4,661	$	1,711	$	1,846	$	7,322	$	17,420	$	—	$	47,003
Investment properties
Pass	2,119,190		1,092,620		707,016		2,605,609		1,649,021		2,450,234		179,085		—		10,802,775
Special Mention	15,741		4,483		16,744		192,500		87,170		32,540		—		—		349,178
Substandard	3,073		269		5,759		30,993		61,108		26,762		—		—		127,964

Loss	—		—		—		—		—		5		—		—		5
Total investment properties	2,138,004		1,097,372		729,519		2,829,102		1,797,299		2,509,541		179,085		—		11,279,922
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		206		18,545		4,725		—		—		23,476
1-4 family properties
Pass	183,932		69,822		54,365		74,283		67,928		56,113		27,096		—		533,539
Special Mention	188		—		—		766		—		116		—		—		1,070
Substandard	375		1,066		1,065		2,034		233		2,796		—		—		7,569
Total 1-4 family properties	184,495		70,888		55,430		77,083		68,161		59,025		27,096		—		542,178
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		110		129		1		177		—		—		417
Land and development
Pass	73,768		46,900		24,827		29,281		22,780		52,019		23,826		—		273,401
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		212		—		—		212
Substandard	—		—		1,436		—		46		200		—		—		1,682
Total land and development	73,768		46,900		26,263		29,281		22,826		52,431		23,826		—		275,295
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		217		—		—		529		—		—		746
Total commercial real estate	2,396,267		1,215,160		811,212		2,935,466		1,888,286		2,620,997		230,007		—		12,097,395
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	327	$	335	$	18,546	$	5,431	$	—	$	—	$	24,639


	December 31, 2025
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Amortized Cost Basis		Converted to Term Loans		Total
Consumer mortgages
Pass	520,450		387,173		578,158		603,650		851,341		2,205,263		—		—		5,146,035
Substandard	1,117		547		3,185		7,028		8,445		46,467		—		—		66,789
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		36		—		—		36
Total consumer mortgages	521,567		387,720		581,343		610,678		859,786		2,251,766		—		—		5,212,860
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	11		—		4		153		254		1,239		—		—		1,661
Home equity
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,433,248		394,150		1,827,398
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		7,723		8,933		16,656

Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		459		478		937
Total home equity	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,441,430		403,561		1,844,991
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,675		2,444		6,119
Credit cards
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		184,058		—		184,058
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		650		—		650
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,120		—		1,120
Total credit cards	—		—		—		—		—		—		185,828		—		185,828
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		6,678		—		6,678
Other consumer loans
Pass	207,298		90,472		59,181		81,824		100,325		126,130		323,134		—		988,364
Substandard	528		659		1,314		1,495		2,226		1,272		31		—		7,525

Total other consumer loans	207,826		91,131		60,495		83,319		102,551		127,402		323,165		—		995,889
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	1,901		4,047		4,556		2,409		3,580		5,466		1,341		—		23,300
Total consumer	729,393		478,851		641,838		693,997		962,337		2,379,168		1,950,423		403,561		8,239,568
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	$	1,912	$	4,047	$	4,560	$	2,562	$	3,834	$	6,705	$	11,694	$	2,444	$	37,758
Loans, net of deferred fees and costs	$	7,150,927	$	3,722,053	$	3,222,567	$	5,666,458	$	4,898,805	$	8,840,560	$	10,586,647	$	537,610	$	44,625,627
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	$	2,585	$	17,417	$	9,548	$	4,608	$	24,226	$	19,458	$	29,114	$	2,444	$	109,400


	December 31, 2024
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Amortized Cost Basis		Converted to Term Loans		Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural
Pass	$	1,200,861	$	1,001,989	$	739,134	$	1,195,316	$	629,109	$	1,586,291	$	7,372,228	$	81,796	$	13,806,724
Special Mention	1,555		20,255		17,775		18,403		2,464		36,817		158,968		—		256,237
Substandard	20,920		12,397		59,487		14,694		39,482		17,028		258,070		493		422,571
Doubtful	—		—		—		5,911		—		1,869		5,145		—		12,925
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		535		—		535
Total commercial, financial, and agricultural	1,223,336		1,034,641		816,396		1,234,324		671,055		1,642,005		7,794,946		82,289		14,498,992
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	7,696		16,499		3,786		8,787		997		4,413		53,736		—		95,914
Owner-occupied
Pass	691,899		981,593		1,468,946		1,220,421		872,744		1,621,387		619,519		—		7,476,509
Special Mention	1,099		2,466		65,733		5,397		34,244		12,621		—		—		121,560
Substandard	2,568		5,838		34,147		20,698		49,766		65,147		55,904		—		234,068


Total owner-occupied	695,566		989,897		1,568,826		1,246,516		956,754		1,699,155		675,423		—		7,832,137
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		76		543		304		1,567		17,558		3,426		—		23,474
Total commercial and industrial	1,918,902		2,024,538		2,385,222		2,480,840		1,627,809		3,341,160		8,470,369		82,289		22,331,129
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	7,696		16,575		4,329		9,091		2,564		21,971		57,162		—		119,388
Investment properties
Pass	769,775		642,808		3,306,914		2,406,325		898,363		2,405,650		227,460		—		10,657,295
Special Mention	4,583		2,211		97,443		200,780		—		68,559		—		—		373,576
Substandard	—		1,689		10,093		83,795		1,466		13,884		—		—		110,927
Doubtful	—		—		—		39,401		—		—		—		—		39,401
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		5		—		—		5
Total investment properties	774,358		646,708		3,414,450		2,730,301		899,829		2,488,098		227,460		—		11,181,204
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		527		4,752		—		4,602		—		—		9,881
1-4 family properties
Pass	159,008		79,094		95,050		81,630		28,845		53,167		40,133		—		536,927
Special Mention	—		—		1,060		663		169		1,300		—		—		3,192
Substandard	919		840		1,618		233		287		1,857		45		—		5,799
Total 1-4 family properties	159,927		79,934		97,728		82,526		29,301		56,324		40,178		—		545,918
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		103		—		—		—		143		—		—		246
Land and development
Pass	55,564		87,465		54,214		26,002		4,933		41,749		14,798		—		284,725
Special Mention	—		138		—		25		—		390		—		—		553
Substandard	—		1,347		—		—		153		719		—		—		2,219
Total land and development	55,564		88,950		54,214		26,027		5,086		42,858		14,798		—		287,497
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		35		22		—		—		57
Total commercial real estate	989,849		815,592		3,566,392		2,838,854		934,216		2,587,280		282,436		—		12,014,619
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		103		527		4,752		35		4,767		—		—		10,184


	December 31, 2024
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Amortized Cost Basis		Converted to Term Loans		Total
Consumer mortgages
Pass	$	457,176	$	681,844	$	670,652	$	947,395	$	1,119,610	$	1,341,463	$	25	$	—	$	5,218,165
Substandard	190		1,872		5,590		7,117		17,918		37,895		—		—		70,582
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		29		—		—		29
Total consumer mortgages	457,366		683,716		676,242		954,512		1,137,528		1,379,387		25		—		5,288,776
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		11		—		3		30		122		—		—		166
Home equity
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,386,370		424,891		1,811,261
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		11,464		7,729		19,193

Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		554		279		833
Total home equity	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,398,388		432,899		1,831,287
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		230		106		336
Credit cards
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		184,061		—		184,061
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		701		—		701
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,109		—		1,109
Total credit cards	—		—		—		—		—		—		185,871		—		185,871
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		7,153		—		7,153
Other consumer loans
Pass	150,051		81,087		119,274		144,297		78,961		91,802		284,801		—		950,273
Substandard	310		1,046		1,298		2,692		1,132		524		59		—		7,061
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		12		—		12
Total other consumer loans	150,361		82,133		120,572		146,989		80,093		92,326		284,872		—		957,346
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	576		3,740		4,840		7,601		2,140		2,509		2,315		—		23,721
Total consumer	607,727		765,849		796,814		1,101,501		1,217,621		1,471,713		1,869,156		432,899		8,263,280
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	$	576	$	3,751	$	4,840	$	7,604	$	2,170	$	2,631	$	9,698	$	106	$	31,376
Loan, net of deferred fees and costs	$	3,516,478	$	3,605,979	$	6,748,428	$	6,421,195	$	3,779,646	$	7,400,153	$	10,621,961	$	515,188	$	42,609,028
Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs	$	8,272	$	20,429	$	9,696	$	21,447	$	4,769	$	29,369	$	66,860	$	106	$	160,948

Collateral-Dependent Loans

We classify a loan as collateral-dependent when our borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and we expect repayment to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of collateral. Our commercial loans have collateral that is comprised of real estate and business assets. Our consumer loans have collateral that is substantially comprised of residential real estate.

There were no significant changes in the extent to which collateral secures our collateral-dependent loans during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Rollforward of Allowance for Loan Losses

The following tables detail the changes in the ALL by loan segment for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, Synovus had no significant transfers to loans held for sale. For the year ended December 31, 2023, Synovus charged-off $31.3 million in previously established reserves for credit losses associated with the transfer of $1.59 billion in loans to held for sale for the sales of medical office building loans and third-party consumer loans that both closed in 2023.


	As of and For The Year Ended December 31, 2025
(in thousands)	Commercial & Industrial		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance at December 31, 2024	$	210,525	$	134,021	$	142,299	$	486,845
Charge-offs	(47,003)		(24,639)		(37,758)		(109,400)
Recoveries	19,218		1,217		10,257		30,692
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses	40,594		(2,463)		31,666		69,797
Ending balance at December 31, 2025	$	223,334	$	108,136	$	146,464	$	477,934


	As of and For The Year Ended December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Commercial & Industrial		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance at December 31, 2023	$	218,970	$	133,758	$	126,657	$	479,385
Charge-offs	(119,388)		(10,184)		(31,376)		(160,948)
Recoveries	17,084		1,905		7,965		26,954
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses	93,859		8,542		39,053		141,454
Ending balance at December 31, 2024	$	210,525	$	134,021	$	142,299	$	486,845

	As of and For The Year Ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Commercial & Industrial		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance at December 31, 2022	$	161,550	$	143,575	$	138,299	$	443,424


Charge-offs	(86,320)		(45,450)		(51,304)		(183,074)
Recoveries	16,664		1,273		11,795		29,732
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses	127,076		34,360		27,867		189,303
Ending balance at December 31, 2023	$	218,970	$	133,758	$	126,657	$	479,385

The ALL of $477.9 million and the reserve on unfunded commitments of $51.5 million, which is recorded in other liabilities, comprise the total ACL of $529.5 million at December 31, 2025. The ACL decreased $9.8 million compared to the December 31, 2024 ACL of $539.3 million, which consisted of an ALL of $486.8 million and the reserve for unfunded commitments of $52.5 million. The ACL to loans coverage ratio of 1.19% at December 31, 2025 was 8 bps lower compared to December 31, 2024. The decrease in the ACL from December 31, 2024 primarily reflects improved portfolio performance and lower net charge-offs. The ACL to loans coverage ratio was additionally impacted by the dilutive effect of loan growth. The Company includes adjustments, as appropriate, intended to capture the impact of uncertainties in the quantitative estimate. The ALL at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 included qualitative adjustments for higher risk portfolios such as Leveraged Lending, included in C&I, CRE Office Buildings and CRE Multi-family. Additional qualitative adjustments were added in 2025 to address risks associated with consumer affordability in a limited population of loans, as well as certain non-performing loans.

The ACL is estimated using a two-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. To the extent the lives of the loans in the portfolio extend beyond the period for which a reasonable and supportable forecast can be made, the Company reverts on a straight-line basis back to the historical rates over a one-year period. The Company utilizes multiple economic forecast scenarios sourced from a reputable third-party provider that are probability-weighted internally. The current scenarios include a consensus baseline forecast, an upside scenario reflecting strong growth and declining unemployment, a downside scenario that reflects adverse economic conditions, and an additional adverse scenario that assumes consistent slow growth that is less optimistic than the baseline. At December 31, 2025, the unemployment rate is the input that most significantly impacts our estimate and remains consistent with the weighted average unemployment rate as of December 31, 2024.

Financial Difficulty Modifications

When borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty, Synovus may make certain loan modifications as part of its loss mitigation strategies to maximize expected payment. The following tables present the amortized cost of FDM loans by loan portfolio class that were modified during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023.



	Year Ended December 31, 2025
(in thousands)	Interest Rate Reduction		Term Extension		Payment Delay		Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension		Total		Percentage of Total by Financing Class
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	—	$	30,635	$	21,476	$	83	$	52,194	0.3	%
Owner-occupied	—		7,669		—		—		7,669		0.1
Total commercial and industrial	—		38,304		21,476		83		59,863		0.2
Investment properties	—		2,188		—		135		2,323		—


Total commercial real estate	—		2,188		—		135		2,323		—
Consumer mortgages	—		—		13,241		—		13,241		0.3


Other consumer loans	215		4,324		14		24		4,577		0.5
Total consumer	215		4,324		13,255		24		17,818		0.2
Total FDMs	$	215	$	44,816	$	34,731	$	242	$	80,004	0.2	%

	Year Ended December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Interest Rate Reduction		Term Extension		Payment Delay		Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension		Total		Percentage of Total by Financing Class
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	—	$	10,606	$	—	$	—	$	10,606	0.1	%
Owner-occupied	—		183		—		13,686		13,869		0.2
Total commercial and industrial	—		10,789		—		13,686		24,475		0.1
Investment properties	74,675		2,222		—		—		76,897		0.7


Total commercial real estate	74,675		2,222		—		—		76,897		0.6
Consumer mortgages	122		—		1,878		—		2,000		—


Other consumer loans	179		582		4		23		788		0.1
Total consumer	301		582		1,882		23		2,788		—
Total FDMs	$	74,976	$	13,593	$	1,882	$	13,709	$	104,160	0.2	%


	Year Ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Interest Rate Reduction		Term Extension		Principal Forgiveness and Term Extensions		Payment Delay		Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension		Total		Percentage of Total by Financing Class
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	2,844	$	119,764	$	10,504	$	—	$	2,028	$	135,140	0.9	%
Owner-occupied	—		23,739		—		—		52,854		76,593		0.9
Total commercial and industrial	2,844		143,503		10,504		—		54,882		211,733		0.9
Investment properties	—		909		—		—		—		909		—
1-4 family properties	—		2,016		—		—		367		2,383		0.4
Land and development	—		29,760		—		—		—		29,760		8.4
Total commercial real estate	—		32,685		—		—		367		33,052		0.3
Consumer mortgages	2,110		—		—		465		—		2,575		—
Home equity	—		336		—		—		287		623		—

Other consumer loans	115		625		—		189		617		1,546		0.1
Total consumer	2,225		961		—		654		904		4,744		0.1
Total FDMs	$	5,069	$	177,149	$	10,504	$	654	$	56,153	$	249,529	0.6	%

During the year ended December 31, 2025, there were no material FDMs that subsequently defaulted. During the year ended December 31, 2024, commercial, financial, and agricultural loans of $3.2 million defaulted that were previously modified

in the prior 12 months by receiving a term extension. Defaults are defined as the earlier of the FDM being placed on non-accrual status or reaching 90 days past due with respect to principal and/or interest payments. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no commitments to lend a material amount of additional funds to any borrower whose loan was classified as an FDM.

The following presents the financial effect of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023.


	Year Ended December 31, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)	Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction		Weighted Average Term Extension (in months)	Weighted Average Payment Delay (in months)
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	2.3	%	6	14
Owner-occupied	—		4	—

Investment properties	2.0		32	—



Consumer mortgages	—		—	5


Other consumer loans	2.3		141	12


	Year Ended December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)	Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction		Weighted Average Term Extension (in months)	Weighted Average Payment Delay (in months)
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	—	%	12	—
Owner-occupied	2.4		5	—

Investment properties	1.9		12	—



Consumer mortgages	2.3		—	5.5

Home equity	—		—	—
Other consumer loans	4.2		75	6


	Year Ended December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)	Principal Forgiveness and Term Extensions		Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction		Weighted Average Term Extension (in months)	Weighted Average Payment Delay (in months)
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	1,200	2.4	%	14	—
Owner-occupied	—		2.3		10	—

Investment properties	—		—		40	—
1-4 family properties	—		0.4		12	—
Land and development	—		—		4	—

Consumer mortgages	—		2.3		—	6
Home equity	—		0.5		249	—

Other consumer loans	—		5.7		62	2

Synovus monitors the performance of FDMs to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following tables provides a summary of current, accruing past due, and non-accrual loans on an amortized cost basis by loan portfolio class that have been modified during the 12 months prior to December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023.



	December 31, 2025
(in thousands)	Current		Accruing 30-89 Days Past Due		Accruing 90 Days or Greater Past Due		Non-accrual (1)		Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	43,805	$	—	$	—	$	8,389	$	52,194
Owner-occupied	7,669		—		—		—		7,669
Total commercial and industrial	51,474		—		—		8,389		59,863
Investment properties	2,323		—		—		—		2,323


Total commercial real estate	2,323		—		—		—		2,323
Consumer mortgages	1,776		—		—		11,466		13,242


Other consumer loans	3,447		124		—		1,005		4,576
Total consumer	5,223		124		—		12,471		17,818
Total FDMs	$	59,020	$	124	$	—	$	20,860	$	80,004




	December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Current		Accruing 30-89 Days Past Due		Accruing 90 Days or Greater Past Due		Non-accrual (1)		Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	9,896	$	540	$	—	$	170	$	10,606
Owner-occupied	13,686		—		—		183		13,869
Total commercial and industrial	23,582		540		—		353		24,475
Investment properties	44,115		—		—		32,782		76,897


Total commercial real estate	44,115		—		—		32,782		76,897
Consumer mortgages	210		—		—		1,790		2,000


Other consumer loans	397		106		—		285		788
Total consumer	607		106		—		2,075		2,788
Total FDMs	$	68,304	$	646	$	—	$	35,210	$	104,160




	December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Current		Accruing 30-89 Days Past Due		Accruing 90 Days or Greater Past Due		Non-accrual (1)		Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	123,843	$	—	$	—	$	11,297	$	135,140
Owner-occupied	75,859		—		—		734		76,593
Total commercial and industrial	199,702		—		—		12,031		211,733
Investment properties	604		—		—		305		909
1-4 family properties	1,174		—		—		1,209		2,383
Land and development	29,760		—		—		—		29,760
Total commercial real estate	31,538		—		—		1,514		33,052
Consumer mortgages	1,423		—		—		1,152		2,575
Home equity	623		—		—		—		623
Credit cards	—		—		—		—		—
Other consumer loans	418		372		—		756		1,546
Total consumer	2,464		372		—		1,908		4,744
Total FDMs	$	233,704	$	372	$	—	$	15,453	$	249,529

(1) Loans were on non-accrual when modified and subsequently classified as FDMs.