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Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Description of Business

A. Description of business - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Castle Brands Inc. (“the Company”), its wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries, Castle Brands (USA) Corp. (“CB-USA”) and McLain & Kyne, Ltd. (“McLain & Kyne”), the Company’s wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries, Castle Brands Spirits Group Limited (“CB-IRL”) and Castle Brands Spirits Marketing and Sales Company Limited, and the Company’s 80.1% ownership interest in Gosling-Castle Partners Inc. (“GCP”), with adjustments for income or loss allocated based upon percentage of ownership. The accounts of the subsidiaries have been included as of the date of acquisition. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Organization and Operations

B.

Organization and operations - The Company is principally engaged in the importation, marketing and sale of premium and super premium rums, whiskey, liqueurs, vodka and related non-alcoholic beverage products in the United States, Canada, Europe and Asia.

Prior Period Adjustment

C. Prior Period Adjustment - The Company has revised its accumulated deficit and inventory balance at March 31, 2015 to properly state the historical carrying value of inventory. The Company determined that ending inventory at March 31, 2015 was overstated by $2,341,648, which represent the cumulative impact of errors related to the changes in estimated freight costs, excise taxes, certain cost variances in prior years, and accounting for intra-company inventory transfers between different locations. The Company assessed the materiality of these errors on previously issued consolidated financial statements and concluded that the error was immaterial to any single or cumulative period. As a result, inventory was decreased by $2,341,648 and accumulated deficit increased by $2,341,648 at March 31, 2015.

Liquidity

D. Liquidity – In April 2018, the Company extended the term of the $20,000,000 11% subordinated note to September 15, 2020 (as described in Note 18). The Company believes that its current cash and working capital and the availability under the Credit Facility (as defined in Note 8C) will enable it to fund its obligations until it achieves profitability, ensure continuity of supply of its brands and support new brand initiatives and marketing programs through at least June 2019. The Company can continue to meet its operating needs through additional mechanisms including additional or expanded debt financings, potential equity offerings and limiting or adjusting the timing of additional inventory purchases based on available resources.

Brands - Rum and Ginger Beer

E. Brands Rum and Ginger Beer - Goslings rums, a family of premium rums with a 200-year history, including the award-winning Goslings Black Seal rum, for which the Company is, through its export venture GCP, the exclusive marketer outside of Bermuda, and Goslings Stormy Ginger Beer, an essential non-alcoholic ingredient in Goslings trademarked Dark ‘n Stormy® rum cocktail.

 

Whiskey -Premium small batch bourbons: Jefferson’s, Jefferson’s Reserve, Jefferson’s Chef’s Collaboration, Jefferson’s Ocean Aged at Sea, Jefferson’s Wine Finish Collection, Jefferson’s Wood Experiments and Jefferson’s Presidential Select, Jefferson’s Rye, an aged rye whiskey, and Jefferson’s The Manhattan: Barrel Finished Cocktail, a ready-to-drink cocktail; the Clontarf Irish whiskeys, a family of premium Irish whiskeys, available in single malt and classic pure grain versions; Knappogue Castle Whiskey, a vintage-dated premium single-malt Irish whiskey; Knappogue Castle 1951, a pure pot-still whiskey that has been aged for 36 years, Knappogue Twin Wood, the first Sherry Finished Knappogue Castle Whiskey; and the Arran Scotch Whiskeys: the single malts, including the 10 Years Old, the 18 Years Old and special finishes, as well as the official Robert Burns whiskeys.

 

Liqueur - Pallini Limoncello, Raspicello and Peachcello premium Italian liqueurs; Brady’s Irish Cream, a premium Irish cream liqueur; Celtic Honey, a premium Irish liqueur; and Gozio amaretto, a premium Italian liqueur.

 

Vodka - Boru vodka, an ultra-pure, five-times distilled and specially filtered premium vodka. Boru is produced in Ireland.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

F. Cash and cash equivalents - The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with a maturity at date of acquisition of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Equity Investments

G. Equity investments - Equity investments are carried at original cost adjusted for the Company’s proportionate share of the investees’ income, losses and distributions. The Company assesses the carrying value of its equity investments when an indicator of a loss in value is present and records a loss in value of the investment when the assessment indicates that an other-than-temporary decline in the investment exists. The Company classifies its equity earnings of equity investments as a component of net income or loss.

Trade Accounts Receivable

H. Trade accounts receivable - The Company records trade accounts receivable at net realizable value. This value includes an appropriate allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts to reflect anticipated losses on the trade accounts receivable balances. The Company calculates this allowance based on its history of write-offs, level of past due accounts based on contractual terms of the receivables and its relationships with and economic status of its customers. For the years ended March 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded an addition to allowances for doubtful accounts of $59,012, $123,200 and $61,000, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

I. Revenue recognition – Revenue from product sales is recognized when the product is shipped to a customer (generally a distributor), title and risk of loss has passed to the customer in accordance with the terms of sale (FOB shipping point or FOB destination), and collection is reasonably assured. Revenue is not recognized on shipments to control states in the United States until such time as product is sold through to the retail channel.

Inventories

J. Inventories - Inventories are comprised of distilled spirits, dry good raw materials (bottles, labels, corks and caps), packaging, finished goods, excise taxes and freight and are valued at the lower of cost or market, using the weighted average cost method. The Company assesses the valuation of its inventories and reduces the carrying value of those inventories that are obsolete or in excess of the Company’s forecasted usage to their estimated net realizable value. The Company estimates the net realizable value of such inventories based on analyses and assumptions including, but not limited to, historical usage, expected future demand and market requirements. A change to the carrying value of inventories is recorded in cost of goods sold. See Note 3.

 

During the years ended March 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded an addition to allowances for obsolete and slow-moving inventory of $376,611, $240,000 and $200,000, respectively. The Company recorded these allowances and write-offs on both raw materials and finished goods, primarily in connection with spoilage and slow-moving inventory, label and packaging changes made to certain brands, as well as adjustments to estimated freight costs and excise taxes and certain cost variances. The charges have been recorded as increases to Cost of Sales in the respective years.

Equipment

K. Equipment - Equipment consists of office equipment, computers and software and furniture and fixtures. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related depreciation is removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the statement of operations. Equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from three to five years.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

L. Goodwill and other intangible assets - Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price including related costs over the value assigned to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate a possible impairment may exist. Intangible assets with estimable useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives, generally on a straight-line basis, and are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

 

Under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other”, impairment of goodwill must be tested at least annually by comparing the fair values of the applicable reporting units with the carrying amount of their net assets, including goodwill. An entity may first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. If determined to be necessary, the two-step impairment test shall be used. The required two-step approach uses accounting judgments and estimates of future operating results. Changes in estimates or the application of alternative assumptions could produce significantly different results. The estimates that most significantly affect the fair value calculation are related to revenue growth, cost of sales, selling and marketing expenses and discount rates. Impairment testing is done at the reporting level. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s net assets exceeds the unit’s fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the carrying amount of goodwill over its implied fair value. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination with the fair value of the reporting unit deemed to be the purchase price paid. Rights, trademarks, trade names and formulations are indefinite lived intangible assets not subject to amortization and are tested for impairment at least annually. The impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair value of the asset group allocated to each reporting unit with its allocated carrying amount.

 

Under the goodwill qualitative assessment at March 31, 2018 and 2017, various events and circumstances that would affect the estimated fair value of each reporting unit were identified, including, but not limited to: prior years’ impairment testing results, budget to actual results, Company-specific facts and circumstances, industry developments, and the economic environment. Based on this assessment, the Company determined that no quantitative assessment was required.

Impairment and Disposal of Long-lived Assets

M. Impairment and disposal of long-lived assets - Under ASC 310, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets”, the Company periodically reviews whether changes have occurred that would require revisions to the carrying amounts of its definite lived, long-lived assets. When the sum of the expected future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized based on the fair value of the asset. There were no impairments recorded during the years ended March 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.

Shipping and Handling

N Shipping and handling - The Company reflects as inventory costs freight-in and related external handling charges relating to the purchase of raw materials and finished goods. These costs are charged to cost of sales at the time the underlying product is sold. The Company also incurs shipping costs in connection with its various marketing activities, including the shipment of point of sale materials to the Company’s regional sales managers and customers, and the costs of shipping product in connection with its various marketing programs and promotions. These shipping charges are included in selling expense and were $2,797,701, $2,347,121 and $2,635,430 for the years ended March 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Excise Taxes and Duty

O. Excise taxes and duty - Excise taxes and duty are computed at standard rates based on alcohol proof per gallon/liter and are paid after finished goods are imported into the United States or other relevant jurisdiction and then transferred out of “bond.” Excise taxes and duty are recorded to inventory as a component of the cost of the underlying finished goods. When the underlying products are sold “ex warehouse”, the sales price reflects the taxes paid and the inventoried excise taxes and duties are charged to cost of sales.

Distributor Charges and Promotional Goods

P. Distributor charges and promotional goods - The Company incurs charges from its distributors for a variety of transactions and services rendered by the distributor, including product depletions, product samples for various promotional purposes, in-store tastings and training where legal, and local advertising where legal. Such charges are reflected as selling expense as incurred. Also, the Company has entered into arrangements with certain of its distributors whereby the purchase of a particular product or products by a distributor is accompanied by a percentage of the sale being composed of promotional goods or as a predetermined discount percentage of dollars off invoice. In such cases, the cost of the promotional goods is charged to cost of sales and dollars off invoice are a reduction to revenue.

Foreign Currency

Q. Foreign currency - The functional currency for the Company’s foreign operations is the Euro in Ireland and the British Pound in the United Kingdom. Under ASC 830, “Foreign Currency Matters”, the translation from the applicable foreign currencies to U.S. Dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted average exchange rate during the period. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are shown as a separate line item in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

R. Fair value of financial instruments - ASC 825, “Financial Instruments”, defines the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties and requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. The Company believes that there is no material difference between the fair-value and the reported amounts of financial instruments in the Company’s balance sheets due to the short-term maturity of these instruments, or with respect to the Company’s debt, as compared to the current borrowing rates available to the Company.

 

The Company’s investments are reported at fair value in accordance with authoritative guidance, which accomplishes the following key objectives:

 

  - Defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date;
  - Establishes a three-level hierarchy (“valuation hierarchy”) for fair value measurements;
  - Requires consideration of the Company’s creditworthiness when valuing liabilities; and
  - Expands disclosures about instruments measured at fair value.

 

The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of the valuation hierarchy are as follows:

 

  - Level 1 - inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
  - Level 2 - inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
  - Level 3 - inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

Income Taxes

S. Income taxes - In December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “2017 Tax Act”) was enacted. The 2017 Tax Act includes a number of changes to existing U.S. tax laws that impact the Company, most notably a reduction of the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 and the recognition of tax net operating loss carryfowards. The 2017 Tax Act also provides for a one-time transition tax on certain foreign earnings and the acceleration of depreciation for certain assets placed into service after September 27, 2017 as well as prospective changes beginning in 2018, including repeal of the domestic manufacturing deduction, acceleration of tax revenue recognition, capitalization of research and development expenditures, additional limitations on executive compensation and limitations on the deductibility of interest.

 

The Company recognized the income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act in its current financial statements in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, which provides SEC staff guidance for the application of ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes”, (“ASC 740”) in the reporting period in which the 2017 Tax Act was signed into law. As such, the Company’s financial results reflect the income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. The Company did not identify items for which the income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act have not been completed and a reasonable estimate could not be determined as of March 31, 2018.

 

The 2017 Tax Act reduced the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0% for all corporations effective January 1, 2018. For fiscal year companies, the change in law requires the application of a blended rate for each quarter of the fiscal year, which in the Company’s case is 30.79% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018. Thereafter, the applicable statutory rate is 21.0%.

 

ASC 740 requires all companies to reflect the effects of the 2017 Tax Act in the period in which the 2017 Tax Act was enacted. Accordingly, the Company reduced the statutory rate that applies to its year-to-date fiscal 2018 earnings from 34.0% to 30.79%. In addition, the Company remeasured its deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the new rate. The combined result of the 2017 Tax Act resulted in a tax benefit of $40,485 during the three months ended December 31, 2017.

 

Under ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. A valuation allowance is provided to the extent a deferred tax asset is not considered recoverable.

 

The Company has adopted the provisions of ASC 740 and as of March 31, 2018, the Company had reserves for uncertain tax positions (including related interest and penalties) for various state and local tax issues of $6,778. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in general and administrative expense.

Research and Development Costs

T. Research and development costs - The costs of research, development and product improvement are charged to expense as incurred and are included in selling expense.

Advertising

U. Advertising - Advertising and marketing costs are expensed when the advertising first appears in its respective medium. Advertising expense, which is included in selling expense, was $5,013,523, $4,486,796 and $4,960,301 for the years ended March 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Use of Estimates

V. Use of estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates include the accounting for items such as evaluating annual impairment tests, derivative instruments and equity issuances, warrant valuation, stock-based compensation, allowances for doubtful accounts and inventory obsolescence, depreciation, amortization and expense accruals.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

W.

Recent accounting pronouncements – In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2018-02”), which allows for stranded tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income resulting from the 2017 Tax Act to be reclassified to retained earnings. This guidance is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting.” ASU 2017-09 provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. This guidance is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, “Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.” ASU 2017-05 clarifies the scope and accounting of a financial asset that meets the definition of an “in-substance nonfinancial asset” and defines the term “in-substance nonfinancial asset.” ASU 2017-05 also adds guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. This guidance is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (Topic 350).” ASU 2017-04 removes Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. This guidance is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact the adoption of this guidance will have on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” This ASU, which must be applied prospectively, provides a narrower framework to be used to determine if a set of assets and activities constitutes a business than under current guidance and is generally expected to result in greater consistency in the application of ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. This guidance is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, a consensus of the FASB’s Emerging Issues Task Force (the “Task Force”).” The new standard requires that the statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Entities will also be required to reconcile such total to amounts on the balance sheet and disclose the nature of the restrictions. This guidance is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, “Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory.” This ASU removes the prohibition against the immediate recognition of the current and deferred income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. This guidance is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Entities must apply a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments”, which provides guidance on eight cash flow classification issues with the objective of reducing differences in practice. The new standard is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Adoption is required to be on a retrospective basis, unless impracticable for any of the amendments, in which case a prospective application is permitted. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) (“ASU 2016-08”). ASU 2016-08 does not change the core principle of the guidance stated in ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), (“ASU 2014-9”), instead, the amendments in this ASU are intended to improve the operability and understandability of the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations and whether an entity reports revenue on a gross or net basis. ASU 2016-08 will have the same effective date and transition requirements as the new revenue standard issued in ASU 2014-09. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09. The new revenue standard outlines a new, single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The new revenue standard contains principles to determine the measurement of revenue and timing of when it is recognized. The guidance provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. Under the new model, recognition of revenue occurs when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the new standard requires that reporting companies disclose the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. This guidance is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018. The Company expects to transition to ASU 2016-08 using the Modified-Retrospective Method, under which the prior years’ data is not recast; instead, a single adjustment is made to equity at the beginning of the initial year of application. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases.” The new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2019. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The Company is currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact the adoption of this guidance will have on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”, which amends the guidance in U.S. GAAP on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Changes to the current guidance primarily affect the accounting for equity investments, financial liabilities under the fair value option, and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. Also, the ASU clarifies guidance related to the valuation allowance assessment when recognizing deferred tax assets resulting from unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities. The new standard is effective for the Company as of April 1, 2018, and upon adoption, an entity should apply the amendments by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet at the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. Early adoption is not permitted except for the provision to record fair value changes for financial liabilities under the fair value option resulting from instrument-specific credit risk in other comprehensive income. The Company has evaluated the new guidance and has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

The Company does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements

Accounting Standards Adopted

X

Accounting standards adopted - In August 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities” (“ASU 2017-12”), which improves the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements and makes certain targeted improvements to simplify the qualification and application of the hedge accounting compared to current GAAP. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this guidance in the current period and determined that its adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The guidance became effective for the Company beginning April 1, 2017. The Company determined that the adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

 

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, “Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory,” which changes the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is defined as estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The new guidance has been applied on a prospective basis and became effective for the Company as of April 1, 2017. The Company determined that the adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.