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Post-employment benefits for associates - Summary of funded and unfunded DBO and net liability (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Reconciliation of Asset or Liability of Defined Benefit Plan [Roll Forward]      
Past service costs and settlements $ 0 $ 0 $ 18
Pension plans      
Reconciliation of Asset or Liability of Defined Benefit Plan [Roll Forward]      
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at beginning of period 167 270  
Current service cost 16 20  
Interest cost (income) 6 4  
Past service costs and settlements 0 (3)  
Administrative expenses 2 2  
Currency translation effects 6 (4)  
Employer contributions 31 19  
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at end of period 215 167 270
Funded status (190) (146)  
Limitation on recognition of fund surplus at January 1 (21) (20)  
Change in limitation on recognition of fund surplus (including exchange rate differences) (4) (1)  
Limitation on recognition of fund surplus at December 31 (25) (21) (20)
Pension plans | Benefit obligation      
Reconciliation of Asset or Liability of Defined Benefit Plan [Roll Forward]      
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at beginning of period 563 791  
Current service cost 16 20  
Interest cost (income) 20 12  
Past service costs and settlements (1) (3)  
Administrative expenses 2 2  
Remeasurement losses/(gains) arising from changes in financial assumptions 46 (185)  
Remeasurement (gains) arising from changes in demographic assumptions (2) (15)  
Remeasurement losses/(gains) arising from experience-related changes 16 3  
Currency translation effects 22 (31)  
Benefit payments (49) (36)  
Contributions of associates 5 5  
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at end of period 638 563 791
Pension plans | Plan assets      
Reconciliation of Asset or Liability of Defined Benefit Plan [Roll Forward]      
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at beginning of period (417) (541)  
Interest cost (income) (14) (8)  
Return on plan assets excluding interest income 15 (93)  
Currency translation effects (16) 27  
Settlements (1) 0  
Benefit payments (49) (36)  
Employer contributions 31 19  
Contributions of associates 5 5  
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at end of period (448) (417) (541)
Other post-employment benefit plans      
Reconciliation of Asset or Liability of Defined Benefit Plan [Roll Forward]      
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at beginning of period 221 300  
Current service cost 5 8  
Interest cost (income) 11 8  
Past service costs and settlements 0 0  
Administrative expenses 0 0  
Currency translation effects 0 0  
Employer contributions 14 14  
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at end of period 213 221 300
Funded status (213) (221)  
Change in limitation on recognition of fund surplus (including exchange rate differences) 0 0  
Other post-employment benefit plans | Benefit obligation      
Reconciliation of Asset or Liability of Defined Benefit Plan [Roll Forward]      
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at beginning of period 221 300  
Current service cost 5 8  
Interest cost (income) 11 8  
Past service costs and settlements 0 0  
Administrative expenses 0 0  
Remeasurement losses/(gains) arising from changes in financial assumptions 6 (62)  
Remeasurement (gains) arising from changes in demographic assumptions 0 0  
Remeasurement losses/(gains) arising from experience-related changes (16) (19)  
Currency translation effects 0 0  
Benefit payments (18) (18)  
Contributions of associates 4 4  
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at end of period 213 221 300
Other post-employment benefit plans | Plan assets      
Reconciliation of Asset or Liability of Defined Benefit Plan [Roll Forward]      
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at beginning of period 0 0  
Interest cost (income) 0 0  
Return on plan assets excluding interest income 0 0  
Currency translation effects 0 0  
Settlements 0 0  
Benefit payments (18) (18)  
Employer contributions 14 14  
Contributions of associates 4 4  
Net defined benefit obligation (asset) at end of period $ 0 $ 0 $ 0