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Segment information - Segment contribution and reconciliation to income before taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Net sales $ 9,836 $ 9,370 $ 8,654
Other revenues 75 85 63
Cost of net sales (4,328) (4,141) (3,910)
Cost of other revenues (71) (67) (59)
Selling, general & administration (3,250) (3,209) (3,068)
Research & development (876) (828) (702)
Other income 77 80 36
Other expense (50) (251) (342)
Operating income 1,413 1,039 672
Interest expense (192) (189) (134)
Other financial income & expense 43 (18) (75)
Share of (loss) from associated companies (8) 0 0
Income before taxes 1,256 832 463
Total depreciation of property, plant & equipment (392) (385) (330)
Total depreciation of right-of-use assets (83) (91) (76)
Total impairment charges on property, plant & equipment, net (1) 0 (2)
Total equity-based compensation (162) (159) (152)
Operating segments      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Net sales 9,836 9,370 8,654
Other revenues   85 63
Operating segments | Surgical      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Net sales 5,522 5,314 5,045
Other revenues 4 0 0
Cost of net sales (2,014) (1,898) (1,835)
Cost of other revenues (4) 0 0
Selling, general & administration (1,461) (1,435) (1,388)
Research & development (580) (527) (486)
Other income 0 0 0
Other expense 0 0 0
Operating income 1,467 1,454 1,336
Total depreciation of property, plant & equipment (147) (144) (131)
Total depreciation of right-of-use assets (50) (49) (46)
Total impairment charges on property, plant & equipment, net (1) 0 (2)
Total equity-based compensation (81) (78) (74)
Operating segments | Vision Care      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Net sales 4,314 4,056 3,609
Other revenues 71 85 63
Cost of net sales (1,605) (1,535) (1,410)
Cost of other revenues (67) (67) (59)
Selling, general & administration (1,467) (1,473) (1,391)
Research & development (284) (289) (212)
Other income 0 0 0
Other expense 0 0 0
Operating income 962 777 600
Total depreciation of property, plant & equipment (241) (237) (198)
Total depreciation of right-of-use assets (33) (42) (30)
Total equity-based compensation (58) (64) (61)
Not allocated to segments      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Net sales 0 0 0
Other revenues 0 0 0
Cost of net sales (709) (708) (665)
Cost of other revenues 0 0 0
Selling, general & administration (322) (301) (289)
Research & development (12) (12) (4)
Other income 77 80 36
Other expense (50) (251) (342)
Operating income (1,016) (1,192) (1,264)
Interest expense (192) (189) (134)
Other financial income & expense 43 (18) (75)
Share of (loss) from associated companies (8) 0 0
Total depreciation of property, plant & equipment (4) (4) (1)
Total equity-based compensation $ (23) $ (17) $ (17)