| Re: | Registration Statement on Form S-3. |
| (a) | shares of the Companys common stock, par value $0.01 per share (Common Stock); | ||
| (b) | warrants to purchase Common Stock and Debt Securities (Warrants); | ||
| (c) | subscription rights to purchase Common Stock and Warrants (Subscription Rights); | ||
| (d) | the Companys senior and subordinated debt securities (Debt Securities); | ||
| (e) | stock purchase contracts obligating the holder to purchase from or sell to the Company, and obligating the Company to sell to or purchase from the holders, a specific number of shares of Common stock at a future date or dates (Stock Purchase Contracts); and | ||
| (f) | stock purchase units representing ownership of a Stock Purchase Contract and debt securities or debt obligations of third parties securing the holders obligations to purchase Common Stock under the Stock Purchase Contract (Stock Purchase Units). |
| (a) | the authenticity of original documents and the genuineness of all signatures; | ||
| (b) | the conformity to the originals of all documents submitted to me as copies; | ||
| (c) | the truth, accuracy and completeness of the information, representations and warranties contained in the records, documents, instruments and certificates I have reviewed; | ||
| (d) | that the Registration Statement, and any amendments thereto (including post-effective amendments), will have become effective under the Securities Act; | ||
| (e) | that a prospectus supplement will have been filed with the Commission describing the Securities offered thereby; | ||
| (f) | that all Securities will be issued and sold in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws and in the manner stated in the Registration Statement and the applicable prospectus supplement; | ||
| (g) | that a definitive underwriting, purchase or similar agreement with respect to any Securities offered will have been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company and the other parties thereto; | ||
| (h) | that any Securities issuable upon conversion, exchange, redemption or exercise of any Securities being offered will be duly authorized, created and, if appropriate, reserved for issuance upon such conversion, exchange, redemption or exercise; and | ||
| (i) | with respect to any shares of Common Stock offered, that there will be sufficient shares of Common Stock authorized under the Companys certificate of incorporation and not otherwise reserved for issuance. |
| (a) | the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly constituted and acting committee thereof (the Board of Directors or such committee being referred to herein as the Board) has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and the terms of the offering of the shares of Common Stock and related matters; and |
| (b) | certificates representing the shares of Common Stock have been duly executed, countersigned, registered and delivered either (i) in accordance with the applicable definitive underwriting, purchase or similar agreement approved by the Board, or upon the exercise of Warrants or Subscription Rights to purchase Common Stock, upon payment of the consideration therefor (not less than the par value of the Common Stock) provided for therein or (ii) upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any other Security, in accordance with the terms of such Security or the instrument or agreement governing such Security providing for such conversion, exercise or exchange as approved by the Board, for the consideration approved by the Board (not less than the par value of the Common Stock). |
| (a) | the Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and the terms of the Warrants, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters; and | ||
| (b) | the Warrants have been duly executed and delivered against payment therefor, pursuant to the applicable definitive underwriting, purchase, warrant or similar agreement duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and a warrant agent, and the certificates for the Warrants have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and such warrant agent. |
| (a) | the Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and the terms of the Subscription Rights, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters; and | ||
| (b) | the Subscription Rights have been duly executed and delivered against payment therefor, pursuant to the applicable definitive underwriting, purchase, rights or similar agreement duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and a rights agent, and the certificates for the Subscription Rights have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and such rights agent. |
| (a) | a trustee is qualified to act as trustee under the Senior Indenture or Subordinated Indenture, as applicable; |
| (b) | the trustee has duly executed and delivered the Subordinated Indenture or Senior Indenture, as applicable; | ||
| (c) | the Senior Indenture or Subordinated Indenture, as applicable, has been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company to the trustee; | ||
| (d) | the Senior Indenture or Subordinated Indenture, as applicable, has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended; | ||
| (e) | the Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and terms of such Debt Securities, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters; and | ||
| (f) | such Debt Securities have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered in accordance with the provisions of the Senior Indenture or Subordinated Indenture, as applicable, and the applicable definitive underwriting, purchase or similar agreement approved by the Board, or upon the exercise of Warrants to purchase Debt Securities, upon payment of the consideration therefor provided for therein. |
| (a) | the Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and the terms of the Stock Purchase Contracts, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters; and | ||
| (b) | the definitive purchase or similar agreements pursuant to which the Stock Purchase Contracts are issued have been duly executed and delivered by the Company. |
| (a) | the Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and the terms of the Stock Purchase Units, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters; and | ||
| (b) | the definitive purchase or similar agreements pursuant to which the Stock Purchase Units are issued have been duly executed and delivered by the Company. |
| (a) | limitations imposed by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or other laws relating to or affecting the rights of creditors generally; | ||
| (b) | rights to indemnification and contribution, which may be limited by applicable law or equitable principles; and | ||
| (c) | general principles of equity, including without limitation concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief and limitation of rights of acceleration, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law. |
| Very truly yours, |
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| /s/ Jay B. Knoll | ||||
| Jay B. Knoll Executive Vice President, General Counsel and |
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| Chief Administrative Officer | ||||