<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-22-127792.txt : 20221216
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-22-127792.hdr.sgml : 20221216
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20221216154237
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-22-127792
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	F-6 POS
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		4
FILED AS OF DATE:		20221216
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20221216

SUBJECT COMPANY:	

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			NOVARTIS AG
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001114448
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			V8
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		F-6 POS
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-198623
		FILM NUMBER:		221467802

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		LICHTSTRASSE 35
		CITY:			BASEL
		STATE:			V8
		ZIP:			CH 4056
		BUSINESS PHONE:		01141613241111

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		LICHTSTRASSE 35
		CITY:			BASEL
		STATE:			V8
		ZIP:			CH 4056

FILED BY:		

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. - ADR Depositary
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001474274
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	UNKNOWN SIC - 8880 [8880]
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			OH
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		F-6 POS

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		383 MADISON AVENUE
		STREET 2:		11TH FLOOR
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10179
		BUSINESS PHONE:		212-319-7600

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		383 MADISON AVENUE
		STREET 2:		11TH FLOOR
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10179
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>F-6 POS
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>tm2227652d1_f6.htm
<DESCRIPTION>F-6 POS
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission on December 16, 2022</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; text-indent: 404.25pt"><B>Registration No.&nbsp;
333-198623</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; text-indent: 404.25pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>UNITED STATES<BR>
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Washington, D.C. 20549</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin: 0pt auto; width: 25%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO FORM&nbsp;F-6</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES
ACT OF 1933 FOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>DEPOSITARY SHARES EVIDENCED BY AMERICAN DEPOSITARY
RECEIPTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin: 0pt auto; width: 25%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>NOVARTIS AG</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Exact name of issuer of deposited securities
as specified in its charter)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Novartis Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Translation of issuer's name into English)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Switzerland</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization
of issuer)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 14pt"><B>JPMORGAN CHASE
BANK, N.A.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Exact name of depositary as specified in its
charter)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11, New York, New
York 10179</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Telephone: +1-800- 990-1135</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Address, including zip code, and telephone
number, including area code, of depositary's principal executive offices)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Karen L. Hale</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Chief Legal Officer</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Novartis AG</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Lichtstrasse 35</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Telephone: +41 61 324 1111</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Address, including zip code, and telephone
number, including area code, of agent for service)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><I>Copies to:</I></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 94%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.<BR>
    383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>New York, New York 10179</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Telephone: +1-800-990-1135</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Scott R. Saks,&nbsp;Esq.</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Norton Rose Fulbright US LLP</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>1301 Avenue of the Americas</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>New York, New York 10019-6022</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Telephone: +1-212-318-3151</B></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">It is proposed that this filing become effective
under Rule&nbsp;466</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 3in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;immediately
upon filing</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 3in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on (Date) at (Time)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">If a separate registration statement has been
filed to register the deposited shares, check the following box. <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#120;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 41%; border-top: Black 2.25pt double; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Title of Each Class&nbsp;of</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Securities to be Registered</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-top: Black 2.25pt double; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Amount</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>to be Registered</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: Black 2.25pt double; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Proposed Maximum Aggregate Price Per Unit <SUP>(1)</SUP></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 2.25pt double; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Proposed Maximum</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Aggregate Offering Price <SUP>(2)</SUP></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 2.25pt double; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Amount of</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Registration Fee</B></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2.25pt double; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt; font-size: 10pt">American Depositary Shares evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, each American Depositary Share representing one (1)&nbsp;ordinary share of Novartis AG.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2.25pt double; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2.25pt double; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2.25pt double; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.25pt double; padding-right: 3.95pt; padding-left: 3.95pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Each unit represents one American Depositary Share.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee. Pursuant to Rule&nbsp;457(k), such
estimate is computed on the basis of the maximum aggregate fees or charges to be imposed in connection with the issuance of American Depositary
Receipts evidencing American Depositary Shares.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PART&nbsp;I</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Prospectus consists of
the proposed form of American Depositary Receipt (&quot;ADR&quot; or &quot;American Depositary Receipt&quot;) included as Exhibit&nbsp;A
to the form of Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement filed as Exhibit&nbsp;(a)&nbsp;to this Post-Effective Amendment No.&nbsp;1
to Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;F-6, which is incorporated herein by reference.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 1. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">CROSS REFERENCE SHEET</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Item Number and Caption</P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Location in Form&nbsp;of American Depositary</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Receipt Filed Herewith as Prospectus</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>(1)</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">Name and address of Depositary</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Introductory paragraph and bottom of face of American Depositary Receipt</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>(2)</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">Title of American Depositary Receipts and identity of deposited securities</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Face of American Depositary Receipt, top center</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">Terms of Deposit:</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">(i)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt; width: 41%">Amount of deposited securities represented by one unit of American Depositary Shares</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%">Face of American Depositary Receipt, upper right corner</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(ii)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Procedure for voting, if any, the deposited securities</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraphs (6), (11) and (12)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(iii)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Collection and distribution of dividends</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraphs (4), (5), (7)&nbsp;(10), (11), (13) and (21)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(iv)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Transmission of notices, reports and proxy soliciting material</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraphs (3), (8), (11) and (12)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(v)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Sale or exercise of rights</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraphs (4), (5), (7)&nbsp;and (10)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(vi)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Deposit or sale of securities resulting from dividends, splits or plans of reorganization</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraphs (3), (4), (5), (7), (10), (11), (13) and (21)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(vii)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Amendment, extension or termination of the Deposit Agreement</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraphs (15), (16) and (17)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(viii)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Rights of holders of ADRs to inspect the transfer books of the Depositary and the list of Holders of ADRs</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraph (3)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(ix)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Restrictions upon the right to deposit or withdraw the underlying securities</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraphs (1), (2), (4), (5)&nbsp;and (6)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(x)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5pt">Limitation upon the liability of the Depositary</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraphs (14), (17), (19) and (20)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>(3)</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">Fees and Charges</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraph (7)</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 2. AVAILABLE INFORMATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 48%">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Item Number and Caption</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 48%">Location in Form&nbsp;of American Depositary <BR>
Receipt
    Filed Herewith as Prospectus</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt">Novartis AG is subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
    as amended, and accordingly files certain reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission.&nbsp; These reports can be inspected
    and retrieved by holders of American Depositary Receipts through the EDGAR system on the Securities and Exchange Commission&rsquo;s
    internet website, currently located at <U>www.sec.gov</U>.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Paragraph (8)</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PART&nbsp;II</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 3. EXHIBITS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><B>Form&nbsp;of Deposit Agreement</B>. Form&nbsp;of Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement among
Novartis AG (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;), JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as depositary (the &quot;Depositary&quot;), and all Holders and Beneficial
Owners from time to time of American Depositary Receipts (&ldquo;ADRs&rdquo;) issued thereunder, including the Form&nbsp;of ADR attached
as Exhibit&nbsp;A thereto. Filed herewith as Exhibit&nbsp;(a)(1).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><B>Any other agreement to which the Depositary is a party relating to the issuance of the American Depositary
Shares registered hereby or the custody of the deposited securities represented thereby</B>. Not applicable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(c)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><B>Every material contract relating to the deposited securities between the Depositary and the issuer
of the deposited securities in effect at any time within the last three years</B>. Not applicable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(d)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Opinion of counsel to the Depositary as to the legality of the securities being registered</B>. Previously
filed.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(e)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Certification under Rule&nbsp;466.</B> Not applicable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(f)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Power of Attorney of certain officers and directors of the Company.</B> Set forth on the signature
pages&nbsp;hereto.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 4. UNDERTAKINGS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">The Depositary hereby undertakes to make available at the principal office of the Depositary in the United
States, for inspection by holders of the American Depositary Receipts, any reports and communications received from the issuer of the
deposited securities which are both (1)&nbsp;received by the Depositary as the holder of the deposited securities, and (2)&nbsp;made generally
available to the holders of the underlying securities by the issuer.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">If the amounts of fees charged are not disclosed in the prospectus, the Depositary undertakes to prepare
a separate document stating the amount of any fee charged and describing the service for which it is charged and to deliver promptly a
copy of such fee schedule without charge to anyone upon request. The Depositary undertakes to notify each registered holder of an American
Depositary Receipt thirty days before any change in the fee schedule.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SIGNATURE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">Pursuant to the
requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., acting solely on behalf of the legal entity created
by the Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement among Novartis AG, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as depositary, and all Holders and
Beneficial Owners from time to time of American Depositary Receipts (&ldquo;ADRs&rdquo;) issued thereunder, certifies that it has reasonable
grounds to believe that all the requirements for filing on Form&nbsp;F-6 are met and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No.&nbsp;1
to Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;F-6 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in The City of New
York, State of New York, on December 16, 2022.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal entity created by the Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement for the issuance of ADRs evidencing American Depositary Shares</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., as Depositary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ Lisa M. Hayes</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:  Lisa M. Hayes</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title: &nbsp;&nbsp;Vice President</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SIGNATURES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Novartis AG certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that all the requirements for
filing on Form&nbsp;F-6 are met and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;F-6
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Basel, Switzerland, on December 16, 2022.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NOVARTIS AG</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 41%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Harry
    Kirsch</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Harry Kirsch</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Financial Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Karen
    L. Hale</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Karen L. Hale</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Legal Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>POWERS OF ATTORNEY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each
person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Harry Kirsch, Karen L. Hale, Daniel Weiss, Christian Rehm, and each of them,
his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in
his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this
Registration Statement and any and all related registration statements pursuant to Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;of the Securities Act, and to
file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby
ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully
do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Under the requirements of the Securities Act,
as amended, this Post-Effective Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;F-6 has been signed by the following persons
on December 16, 2022, in the capacities indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SIGNATURES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Signature</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Title</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vasant Narasimhan</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vasant Narasimhan, M.D.</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer
    (principal executive officer)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Harry
    Kirsch</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Harry Kirsch</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Financial Officer
    (principal financial and accounting officer)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Joerg
Reinhardt</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Joerg Reinhardt, Ph.D.</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman of the Board of
    Directors</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Simon
Moroney</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Simon Moroney, D.Phil.</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vice-Chairman of the Board
    of Directors</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nancy
C. Andrews</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nancy C. Andrews, M.D.,
    Ph.D.</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ton
    Buechner</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ton Buechner</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Patrice
    Bula</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Patrice Bula</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Elizabeth
    Doherty</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Elizabeth Doherty</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ana
    de Pro Gonzalo</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ana de Pro Gonzalo</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Bridgette
    Heller</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Bridgette Heller</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Daniel
    Hochstrasser</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Daniel Hochstrasser</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Frans
    van Houten</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Frans van Houten</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andreas
von Planta</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andreas von Planta, Ph.D.</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Charles
L. Sawyers</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Charles L. Sawyers, M.D.</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">William
    T. Winters</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">William T. Winters</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED U.S. REPRESENTATIVE
OF THE REGISTRANT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of Novartis AG, has signed this Post-Effective
Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;F-6 in East Hanover, New Jersey, on December 16, 2022.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Authorized U.S. Representative</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"> /s/ Jaime Huertas</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT> Jaime Huertas</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>INDEX TO EXHIBITS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; text-align: center">Exhibit<BR>
<U>Number</U></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 92%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><A HREF="tm2227652d1_ex99-a.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(a)</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><A HREF="tm2227652d1_ex99-a.htm"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form&nbsp;of
    Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement among Novartis AG, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as depositary, and all Holders and Beneficial
    Owners from time to time of American Depositary Receipts (&ldquo;ADRs&rdquo;) issued thereunder, including the Form&nbsp;of ADR attached
    as Exhibit&nbsp;A thereto.</FONT></FONT></A></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.A
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>tm2227652d1_ex99-a.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.A
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit (a)</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg002.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 383px; width: 845px">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><U>Page</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PARTIES</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right">1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">RECITALS</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
    Definitions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ADR
    Register</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ADRs;
    Direct Registration ADRs</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ADS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beneficial
    Owner</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Custodian</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in">Deliver, execute, issue et al.<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">2</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Delivery
    Order</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">2</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deposited
    Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">2</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Direct
    Registration System</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holder</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities
    Act of 1933</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities
    Exchange Act of 1934</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(m)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(n)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Transfer
    Office</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.43in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(o)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.375in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Withdrawal
    Order</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">3</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Form&nbsp;of
    ADRs</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">3</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deposit
    of Shares</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">4</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Issue
    of ADRs</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Distributions
    on Deposited Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">5</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Withdrawal
    of Deposited Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">5</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;7.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Substitution
    of ADRs</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;8.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cancellation
    and Destruction of ADRs; Maintenance of Records</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">6</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;9.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Custodian</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">6</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;10.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Lists
    of Holders</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;11.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depositary&rsquo;s
    Agents</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">7</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;12.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Resignation
    and Removal of the Depositary; Appointment of Successor Depositary</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">7</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;13.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reports</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">8</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;14.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additional
    Shares</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;15.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indemnification</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">9</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;16.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notices</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">10</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;17.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Counterparts</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;18.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
    Third Party Beneficiaries; Holders and Beneficial Owners as Parties; Binding Effect</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;19.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Severability</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;20.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Governing
    Law; Consent to Jurisdiction</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;21.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Agent
    for Service</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;22.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Waiver
    of Immunities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;23.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Waiver
    of Jury Trial</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&nbsp;24.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment
    and Restatement of Prior Deposit Agreement</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TESTIMONIUM</B></FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">15</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SIGNATURES</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">15</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><U>Page</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>EXHIBIT&nbsp;A</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>FORM&nbsp;OF FACE OF ADR</B></FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A-1</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Introductory Paragraph</FONT>&#9;</TD>
                                                                                                                   <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A-1</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(1)</TD><TD>Issuance of ADSs</TD>
                                                               <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-2</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(2)</TD><TD>Withdrawal of Deposited Securities</TD>
                                                               <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-3</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Transfers, Split-Ups and Combinations of ADRs</FONT></TD>
                                                                                                                     <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A-3</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(4)</TD><TD>Certain Limitations to Registration, Transfer etc.</TD>
                                                               <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-4</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(5)</TD><TD>Liability for Taxes, Duties and Other Charges</TD>
                                                               <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-5</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(6)</TD><TD>Disclosure of Interests</TD>
                                                               <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-6</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(7)</TD><TD>Charges of Depositary</TD>
                                                               <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-7</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(8)</TD><TD>Available Information</TD>
                                                               <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-10</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(9)</TD><TD>Execution</TD>
                                                               <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-11</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Signature of Depositary</FONT></TD>
                                                                             <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A-11</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Address of Depositary&rsquo;s Office</FONT></TD>
                                                                              <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A-11</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>FORM&nbsp;OF REVERSE OF ADR</B></FONT>&#9;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A-12</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(10)</TD><TD>Distributions on Deposited Securities</TD>
                                                                <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-12</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(11)</TD><TD>Record Dates</TD>
                                                            <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-13</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(12)</TD><TD>Voting of Deposited Securities&#9;</TD>
                                                            <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-13</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(13)</TD><TD>Changes Affecting Deposited Securities&#9;</TD>
                                                                <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-16</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(14)</TD><TD>Exoneration&#9;</TD>
                                                            <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-17</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(15)</TD><TD>Resignation and Removal of Depositary; the Custodian&#9;</TD>
                                                                <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-20</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(16)</TD><TD>Amendment&#9;</TD>
                                                                <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-21</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(17)</TD><TD>Termination&#9;</TD>
                                                                <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-21</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(18)</TD><TD>Appointment; Acknowledgements and Agreements&#9;</TD>
                                                                <TD STYLE="text-align: right">A-22</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(19)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Waiver</FONT>&#9;</TD>
                                                                                                                      <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A-23</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(20)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Elective Distributions in Cash or Shares</FONT>&#9;</TD>
                                                                                                                      <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A-23</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED DEPOSIT AGREEMENT dated
as of ___________________ __, 2022 (the &ldquo;<B>Deposit Agreement</B>&rdquo;), among NOVARTIS AG and its successors (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;),
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., as depositary hereunder (the &ldquo;<B>Depositary</B>&rdquo;), and all Holders (defined below) and Beneficial
Owners (defined below) from time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued hereunder (&ldquo;<B>ADRs</B>&rdquo;) evidencing American
Depositary Shares (&ldquo;<B>ADSs</B>&rdquo;) representing deposited Shares (defined below). The Company hereby appoints the Depositary
as depositary for the Deposited Securities (defined below) and hereby authorizes and directs the Depositary to act in accordance with
the terms set forth in this Deposit Agreement. All capitalized terms used herein have the meanings ascribed to them in Section&nbsp;1
or elsewhere in this Deposit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">W I T N E S S E T H</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, the Company and the Depositary entered
into an Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement dated as of May&nbsp;11, 2000 as amended from time to time (as so previously amended, the
 &ldquo;<B>Prior Deposit Agreement</B>&rdquo;) for the purposes set forth therein, for the creation of American depositary shares representing
the Shares so deposited and for the execution and delivery of American depositary receipts (&ldquo;<B>Prior Receipts</B>&rdquo;) evidencing
the American depositary shares;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of the Prior Deposit
Agreement, the Company and the Depositary wish to amend and restate the Prior Deposit Agreement and the Prior Receipts;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises,
subject to Section&nbsp;24 hereof, the parties hereto hereby amend and restate the Prior Deposit Agreement and the Prior Receipts in their
entirety as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">1. <B>Certain Definitions</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&ldquo;<B>ADR
Register</B>&rdquo; is defined in paragraph (3)&nbsp;of the form of ADR (<I>Transfers, Split-Ups and Combinations of ADRs</I>).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>ADRs</B>&rdquo;
mean the American Depositary Receipts executed and delivered hereunder. ADRs may be either in physical certificated form or Direct Registration
ADRs (as hereinafter defined). ADRs in physical certificated form, and the terms and conditions governing the Direct Registration ADRs,
shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit&nbsp;A annexed hereto (the &ldquo;<B>form of ADR</B>&rdquo;). The term &ldquo;<B>Direct Registration
ADR</B>&rdquo; means an ADR, the ownership of which is recorded on the Direct Registration System. References to &ldquo;<B>ADRs</B>&rdquo;
shall include certificated ADRs and Direct Registration ADRs, unless the context otherwise requires. The form of ADR is hereby incorporated
herein and made a part hereof; the provisions of the form of ADR shall be binding upon the parties hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Subject
to paragraph (13) of the form of ADR, (<I>Changes Affecting Deposited Securities</I>) each &ldquo;<B>ADS</B>&rdquo; evidenced by an ADR
represents the right to receive, and to exercise the beneficial ownership interests in, the number of Shares specified in the form of
ADR attached hereto as Exhibit&nbsp;A (as amended from time to time) that are on deposit with the Depositary and/or the Custodian and
a pro rata share in any other Deposited Securities, subject, in each case, to the terms of this Deposit Agreement and the ADSs. The ADS(s)-to-Share(s)&nbsp;ratio
is subject to amendment as provided in the form of ADR (which may give rise to fees contemplated in paragraph (7)(<I>Charges of Depositary</I>)
thereof).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Beneficial
Owner</B>&rdquo; means as to any ADS, any person or entity having a beneficial ownership interest in such ADS. A Beneficial Owner need
not be the Holder of the ADR evidencing such ADS. If a Beneficial Owner of ADSs is not a Holder, it must rely on the Holder of the ADR(s)&nbsp;evidencing
such ADSs in order to assert any rights or receive any benefits under this Deposit Agreement. The arrangements between a Beneficial Owner
of ADSs and the Holder of the corresponding ADRs may affect the Beneficial Owner&rsquo;s ability to exercise any rights it may have.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Custodian</B>&rdquo;
means the agent or agents of the Depositary (singly or collectively, as the context requires) and any additional or substitute Custodian
appointed pursuant to Section&nbsp;9.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"> (f) &#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;The terms &ldquo;<B>deliver</B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B>execute</B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B>issue</B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B>register</B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B>surrender</B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B>transfer</B>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<B>cancel</B>&rdquo;, when used with respect to Direct Registration ADRs, shall refer to an entry or entries or an electronic transfer or transfers in the Direct Registration System, and, when used with respect to ADRs in physical certificated form, shall refer to the physical delivery, execution, issuance, registration, surrender, transfer or cancellation of certificates representing the ADRs.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Delivery
Order</B>&rdquo; is defined in Section&nbsp;3.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Deposited
Securities</B>&rdquo; as of any time means all Shares at such time deposited under this Deposit Agreement and any and all other Shares,
securities, property and cash at such time held by the Depositary or the Custodian in respect or in lieu of such deposited Shares and
other Shares, securities, property and cash. Deposited Securities are not intended to, and shall not, constitute proprietary assets of
the Depositary, the Custodian or their nominees. Beneficial ownership in Deposited Securities is intended to be, and shall at all times
during the term of the Deposit Agreement continue to be, vested in the Beneficial Owners of the ADSs representing such Deposited Securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"> (i) &ldquo;<B>Direct Registration System</B>&rdquo; means the system for the uncertificated registration of ownership of securities established by The Depository Trust Company (&ldquo;<B>DTC</B>&rdquo;) and utilized by the Depositary pursuant to which the Depositary may record the ownership of ADRs without the issuance of a certificate, which ownership shall be evidenced by periodic statements issued by the Depositary to the Holders entitled thereto. For purposes hereof, the Direct Registration System shall include access to the Profile Modification System maintained by DTC which provides for automated transfer of ownership between DTC and the Depositary.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(j)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Holder</B>&rdquo;
means the person or persons in whose name an ADR is registered on the ADR Register. For all purposes under the Deposit Agreement and the
ADRs, a Holder shall be deemed to have all requisite authority to act on behalf of any and all Beneficial Owners of the ADSs evidenced
by the ADR(s)&nbsp;registered in such Holder&rsquo;s name.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(k)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Securities
Act of 1933</B>&rdquo; means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as from time to time amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(l)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Securities
Exchange Act of 1934</B>&rdquo; means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as from time to time amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(m)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Shares</B>&rdquo;
mean the ordinary shares of the Company, and shall include the rights to receive Shares specified in paragraph (1)&nbsp;of the form of
ADR</FONT></FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Courier; font-size: 10pt">(</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Issuance
of ADSs</I>).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(n)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Transfer
Office</B>&rdquo; is defined in paragraph (3)&nbsp;of the form of ADR (<I>Transfers, Split-Ups and Combinations of ADRs</I>).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(o)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Withdrawal
Order</B>&rdquo; is defined in Section&nbsp;6.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">2. <B>Form&nbsp;of ADRs</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Direct
Registration ADRs</I>. Notwithstanding anything in this Deposit Agreement or in the form of ADR to the contrary, ADSs shall be evidenced
by Direct Registration ADRs, unless certificated ADRs are specifically requested by the Holder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Certificated
ADRs</I>. ADRs in certificated form shall be printed or otherwise reproduced at the discretion of the Depositary in accordance with its
customary practices in its American depositary receipt business, or at the request of the Company typewritten and photocopied on plain
or safety paper, and shall be substantially in the form set forth in the form of ADR, with such changes as may be required by the Depositary
or the Company to comply with their obligations hereunder, any applicable law, regulation or usage or to indicate any special limitations
or restrictions to which any particular ADRs are subject. ADRs may be issued in denominations of any number of ADSs. ADRs in certificated
form shall be executed by the Depositary by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized officer of the Depositary. ADRs in
certificated form bearing the facsimile signature of anyone who was at the time of execution a duly authorized officer of the Depositary
shall bind the Depositary, notwithstanding that such officer has ceased to hold such office prior to the delivery of such ADRs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Binding
Effect. </I>Holders of ADRs, and the Beneficial Owners of the ADSs evidenced by such ADRs, shall each be bound by the terms and conditions
of this Deposit Agreement and of the form of ADR, regardless of whether such ADRs are Direct Registration ADRs or certificated ADRs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">3. <B>Deposit of Shares</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Requirements.</I>
In connection with the deposit of Shares hereunder, the Depositary or the Custodian may require the following in a form satisfactory to
it:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a
written order directing the Depositary to issue to, or upon the written order of, the person or persons designated in such order a Direct
Registration ADR or ADRs evidencing the number of ADSs representing such deposited Shares (a &ldquo;<B>Delivery Order</B>&rdquo;);</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">proper
endorsements or duly executed instruments of transfer in respect of such deposited Shares;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">instruments
assigning to the Depositary, the Custodian or a nominee of either any distribution on or in respect of such deposited Shares or indemnity
therefor; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(iv)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">proxies
entitling the Custodian to vote such deposited Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Registration
of Deposited Securities. </FONT></I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">As soon as practicable after the Custodian receives Deposited Securities
pursuant to any such deposit or pursuant to paragraph (10)&nbsp;(<I>Distributions on Deposited Securities</I>) or (13) (<I>Changes Affecting
Deposited Securities</I>) of the form of ADR, the Custodian shall present such Deposited Securities for registration of transfer into
the name of the Depositary, the Custodian or a nominee of either, in each case for the benefit of Holders, to the extent such registration
is practicable, at the cost and expense of the person making such deposit (or for whose benefit such deposit is made) and shall obtain
evidence satisfactory to it of such registration. Deposited Securities shall be held by the Custodian for the account and to the order
of the Depositary for the benefit of Holders of ADRs (to the extent not prohibited by law) at such place or places and in such manner
as the Depositary shall determine. Notwithstanding anything else contained herein, in the form of ADR and/or any outstanding ADSs, the
Depositary, the Custodian and their respective nominees are intended to be, and shall at all times during the term of the Deposit Agreement
be, the record holder(s)&nbsp;only of the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs for the benefit of the Holders. The Depositary,
on its own behalf and on behalf of the Custodian and their respective nominees, disclaims any beneficial ownership interest in the Deposited
Securities held on behalf of the Holders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Delivery
of Deposited Securities. </I>Deposited Securities may be delivered by the Custodian to any person only under the circumstances expressly
contemplated in this Deposit Agreement. To the extent that the provisions of or governing the Shares make delivery of certificates therefor
impracticable, Shares may be deposited hereunder by such delivery thereof as the Depositary or the Custodian may reasonably accept, including,
without limitation, by causing them to be credited to an account maintained by the Custodian for such purpose with the Company or an accredited
intermediary, such as a bank, acting as a registrar for the Shares, together with delivery of the documents, payments and Delivery Order
referred to herein to the Custodian or the Depositary.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">4. <B>Issue of ADRs</B>. After any such deposit
of Shares, the Custodian shall notify the Depositary of such deposit and of the information contained in any related Delivery Order by
letter, first class airmail postage prepaid, or, at the request, risk and expense of the person making the deposit, by SWIFT, cable, telex
or facsimile transmission. After receiving such notice from the Custodian, the Depositary, subject to this Deposit Agreement, shall properly
issue at the Transfer Office, to or upon the order of any person named in such notice, an ADR or ADRs registered as requested and evidencing
the aggregate ADSs to which such person is entitled.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">5. <B>Distributions on Deposited Securities</B>.
To the extent that the Depositary determines in its discretion that any distribution pursuant to paragraph (10)&nbsp;of the form of ADR
(<I>Distributions on Deposited Securities</I>) is not practicable with respect to any Holder, the Depositary may (after consultation with
the Company, if practicable, in the case where the Depositary believes such distribution is not practicable with respect to all Holders)
make such distribution as it so deems practicable, including the distribution of foreign currency, securities or property (or appropriate
documents evidencing the right to receive foreign currency, securities or property) or the retention thereof as Deposited Securities with
respect to such Holder&rsquo;s ADRs (without liability for interest thereon or the investment thereof).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">6. <B>Withdrawal of Deposited Securities.</B> In
connection with any surrender of an ADR for withdrawal of the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced thereby, the Depositary
may require proper endorsement in blank of such ADR (or duly executed instruments of transfer thereof in blank) and the Holder&rsquo;s written
order directing the Depositary to cause the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced by such ADR to be withdrawn and delivered
to, or upon the written order of, any person designated in such order (a &ldquo;<B>Withdrawal Order</B>&rdquo;). Directions from the Depositary
to the Custodian to deliver Deposited Securities shall be given by letter, first class airmail postage prepaid, or, at the request, risk
and expense of the Holder, by SWIFT, cable, telex or facsimile transmission. Delivery of Deposited Securities may be made by the delivery
of certificates (which, if required by law shall be properly endorsed or accompanied by properly executed instruments of transfer or,
if such certificates may be registered, registered in the name of such Holder or as ordered by such Holder in any Withdrawal Order) or
by such other means as the Depositary may deem practicable, including, without limitation, by transfer of record ownership thereof to
an account designated in the Withdrawal Order maintained either by the Company or an accredited intermediary, such as a bank, acting as
a registrar for the Deposited Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">7. <B>Substitution of ADRs</B>. The Depositary
shall execute and deliver a new Direct Registration ADR in exchange and substitution for any mutilated certificated ADR upon cancellation
thereof or in lieu of and in substitution for such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen certificated ADR, unless the Depositary has notice
that such ADR has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, upon the Holder thereof filing with the Depositary a request for such execution
and delivery and a sufficient indemnity bond and satisfying any other reasonable requirements imposed by the Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">8. <B>Cancellation and Destruction of ADRs; Maintenance
of Records</B>. All ADRs surrendered to the Depositary shall be cancelled by the Depositary. The Depositary is authorized to destroy ADRs
in certificated form so cancelled in accordance with its customary practices. The Depositary, however, shall maintain or cause its agents
to maintain records of all ADRs surrendered and Deposited Securities withdrawn under Section&nbsp;6 hereof and paragraph (2)&nbsp;of the
form of ADR, substitute ADRs delivered under Section&nbsp;7 hereof, and canceled or destroyed ADRs under this Section&nbsp;8, in keeping
with the procedures ordinarily followed by stock transfer agents located in the United States or as required by the laws or regulations
governing the Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">9. <B>The Custodian</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Rights
of the Depositary</I>. Any Custodian in acting hereunder shall be subject to the directions of the Depositary and shall be responsible
solely to it. The Depositary reserves the right to add, replace or remove a Custodian. The Depositary will give prompt notice of any such
action to the Company, which will be advance notice if practicable. The Depositary may discharge any Custodian at any time upon notice
to the Custodian being discharged.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Rights
of the Custodian.</I> Any Custodian may resign from its duties hereunder by providing at least 30 days&rsquo; prior written notice to the Depositary.
After the receipt of such written notice of resignation, the Depositary shall endeavor to appoint a substitute custodian which, upon the
effectiveness of such appointment, shall be a Custodian hereunder. Any Custodian ceasing to act hereunder as Custodian shall deliver,
upon the instruction of the Depositary, all Deposited Securities held by it to a Custodian continuing to act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary contained in this Deposit Agreement (including the ADRs) and, subject to the further limitations set forth in
subparagraph (p)&nbsp;of paragraph (14) of the form of ADR (<I>Exoneration</I>), the Depositary shall not be responsible for, and shall
incur no liability in connection with or arising from, any act or omission to act on the part of the Custodian except to the extent that
any Holder has incurred liability directly as a result of the Custodian having (i)&nbsp;committed fraud or willful misconduct in the provision
of custodial services to the Depositary or (ii)&nbsp;failed to use reasonable care in the provision of custodial services to the Depositary
as determined in accordance with the standards prevailing in the jurisdiction in which the Custodian is located.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">10. <B>Lists of Holders</B>. The Company shall
have the right to inspect transfer records of the Depositary and its agents and the ADR Register, take copies thereof and require the
Depositary and its agents to supply copies of such portions of such records as the Company may request. The Depositary or its agent shall
furnish to the Company promptly upon the written request of the Company, a list of the names, addresses and holdings of ADSs by all Holders
as of a date within seven days of the Depositary&rsquo;s receipt of such request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">11. <B>Depositary&rsquo;s Agents</B>. The Depositary
may perform its obligations under this Deposit Agreement through any agent appointed by it, provided that the Depositary shall notify
the Company of such appointment and shall remain responsible for the performance of such obligations as if no agent were appointed, subject
to paragraph (14) of the form of ADR (<I>Exoneration</I>).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">12. <B>Resignation and Removal of the Depositary;
Appointment of Successor Depositary</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Resignation
of the Depositary</I>. The Depositary may at any time resign as Depositary hereunder by written notice of its election to do so delivered
to the Company, such resignation to take effect upon the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment
as hereinafter provided.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Removal
of the Depositary</I>. The Depositary may at any time be removed by the Company by providing no less than 60 days&rsquo; prior written notice
of such removal to the Depositary, such removal to take effect the later of (i)&nbsp;the 60<SUP>th</SUP> day after such notice of removal
is first provided and (ii)&nbsp;the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as hereinafter provided.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if upon the resignation or removal of the Depositary a successor depositary is not appointed within the
applicable 60-day period as specified in paragraph (17) of the form of ADR (<I>Termination</I>), then the Depositary may elect to terminate
this Deposit Agreement and the ADR and the provisions of said paragraph (17) shall thereafter govern the Depositary&rsquo;s obligations hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Appointment
of Successor Depositary</I>. In case at any time the Depositary acting hereunder shall resign or be removed, the Company shall use its
best efforts to appoint a successor depositary, which shall be a bank or trust company having an office in the Borough of Manhattan, The
City of New York. Every successor depositary shall execute and deliver to its predecessor and to the Company an instrument in writing
accepting its appointment hereunder, and thereupon such successor depositary, without any further act or deed, shall become fully vested
with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor. The predecessor depositary, only upon payment of all sums due
to it and on the written request of the Company, shall (i)&nbsp;execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor all rights
and powers of such predecessor hereunder (other than its rights to indemnification and fees owing, each of which shall survive any such
removal and/or resignation), (ii)&nbsp;duly assign, transfer and deliver all right, title and interest to the Deposited Securities to
such successor, and (iii)&nbsp;deliver to such successor a list of the Holders of all outstanding ADRs. Any such successor depositary
shall promptly mail notice of its appointment to such Holders. Any bank or trust company into or with which the Depositary may be merged
or consolidated, or to which the Depositary shall transfer substantially all its American depositary receipt business, shall be the successor
of the Depositary without the execution or filing of any document or any further act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">13. <B>Reports.</B> On or before the first date
on which the Company makes any communication available to holders of Deposited Securities or any securities regulatory authority or stock
exchange, by publication or otherwise, the Company shall transmit to the Depositary a copy thereof in English or with an English translation
or summary. The Company has delivered to the Depositary, the Custodian and any Transfer Office, a copy of all provisions of or governing
the Shares and any other Deposited Securities issued by the Company or any affiliate of the Company and, promptly upon any change thereto,
the Company shall deliver to the Depositary, the Custodian and any Transfer Office, a copy (in English or with an English translation)
of such provisions as so changed. The Depositary and its agents may rely upon the Company&rsquo;s delivery of all such communications, information
and provisions for all purposes of this Deposit Agreement and the Depositary shall have no liability for the accuracy or completeness
of any thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">14. <B>Additional Shares</B>. The Company agrees
with the Depositary that neither the Company nor any company controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company shall
(a)&nbsp;issue (i)&nbsp;additional Shares, (ii)&nbsp;rights to subscribe for Shares, (iii)&nbsp;securities convertible into or exchangeable
for Shares or (iv)&nbsp;rights to subscribe for any such securities or (b)&nbsp;deposit any Shares under this Deposit Agreement, except,
in each case, under circumstances complying in all respects with the Securities Act of 1933. At the reasonable request of the Depositary
where it deems necessary, the Company will furnish the Depositary with legal opinions, in forms and from counsels reasonably acceptable
to the Depositary, dealing with such issues requested by the Depositary. The Depositary will not knowingly accept for deposit hereunder
any Shares required to be registered under the Securities Act of 1933 unless a registration statement is in effect and will use reasonable
efforts to comply with written instructions of the Company not to accept for deposit hereunder any Shares identified in such instructions
at such times and under such circumstances as may reasonably be specified in such instructions in order to facilitate the Company&rsquo;s compliance
with the requirements of the securities laws, rules&nbsp;and regulations in the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">15. <B>Indemnification.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Indemnification
by the Company</FONT></I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">. Subject to the limitations provided for in Section&nbsp;15(c)&nbsp;below, the
Company shall indemnify, defend and save harmless each of the Depositary, the Custodian and their respective directors, officers, employees,
agents and affiliates against any loss, liability or expense (including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel) which may arise out of
acts performed or omitted, in connection with the provisions of this Deposit Agreement and of the ADRs, as the same may be amended, modified
or supplemented from time to time in accordance herewith (i)&nbsp;by either the Depositary or a Custodian or their respective directors,
officers, employees, agents and affiliates, except for any liability or expense directly arising out of the negligence, or willful misconduct
of the Depositary or its directors, officers or affiliates acting in their capacities as such hereunder, or (ii)&nbsp;by the Company or
any of its directors, officers, employees, agents and affiliates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The indemnities set forth in the preceding paragraph
shall also apply to any liability or expense which may arise out of any misstatement or alleged misstatement or omission or alleged omission
in any registration statement, proxy statement, prospectus (or placement memorandum), or preliminary prospectus (or preliminary placement
memorandum) relating to the offer, issuance, withdrawal or sale of ADSs or the deposit of Shares in connection therewith, except to the
extent any such liability or expense arises out of (i)&nbsp;information relating to the Depositary or its agents (other than the Company),
as applicable, furnished in writing by the Depositary expressly for use in any of the foregoing documents and not changed or altered by
the Company or (ii)&nbsp;if such information is provided, the failure to state a material fact necessary to make the information provided
not misleading.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Indemnification
by the Depositary.</I> Subject to the limitations provided for in Section&nbsp;15(c)&nbsp;below, the Depositary shall indemnify, defend
and hold harmless the Company against any direct loss, liability or expense (including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel) incurred
by the Company in respect of this Deposit Agreement, to the extent such loss, liability or expense is due to the negligence or willful
misconduct of the Depositary.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Damages
or Lost Profits</I>. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Deposit Agreement or the ADRs to the contrary, neither the Depositary
and its agents, on the one hand, nor the Company and its agents, on the other hand, shall be liable to the other for any indirect, special,
punitive or consequential damages (excluding reasonable fees and expenses of counsel) or lost profits, in each case of any form (collectively,
 &ldquo;<B>Special Damages</B>&rdquo;) incurred by any of them, or by any other person or entity (including, without limitation, Holders
and Beneficial Owners) or for any fees or expenses of counsel in connection therewith, in each case whether or not such Special Damages
are foreseeable and regardless of the type of action in which a claim for Special Damages may be brought; provided, however, that (i)&nbsp;notwithstanding
the foregoing, and for the avoidance of doubt, the Depositary and its agents shall be entitled to indemnification from the Company for
all reasonable legal fees and expenses incurred by the Depositary and/or its agents in defending against any claim for Special Damages
and (ii)&nbsp;to the extent Special Damages arise from or out of a claim brought by a third party (including, without limitation, Holders
and Beneficial Owners) against the Depositary or any of its agents, the Depositary and its agents shall be entitled to full indemnification
from the Company for all such Special Damages, and reasonable fees and expenses of counsel in connection therewith, unless such Special
Damages are found to have been a direct result of the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Depositary.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Notification
and Consent.</I> Any person seeking indemnification hereunder (an &ldquo;<B>indemnified person</B>&rdquo;) shall notify the person from
whom it is seeking indemnification (the &ldquo;<B>indemnifying person</B>&rdquo;) of the commencement of any indemnifiable action or claim
promptly after such indemnified person becomes aware of such commencement (provided that the failure to make any such notification shall
not affect such indemnified person&rsquo;s rights to indemnification except and only to the limited extent the indemnifying person is materially
prejudiced by such failure) and shall consult in good faith with the indemnifying person as to the conduct of the defense of such action
or claim that may give rise to an indemnity hereunder, which defense shall be reasonable under the circumstances. No indemnified person
shall compromise or settle any indemnifiable action or claim without the prior written consent of the indemnifying person (which consent
shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed (from the point of view of the person seeking indemnification)) unless (i)&nbsp;there is
no finding or admission of any violation of law and no effect on any other claims that may be made against such indemnifying person and
(ii)&nbsp;the sole relief provided is monetary damages that are paid in full by the indemnified person (without indemnification hereunder
by the indemnifying person) seeking such compromise or settlement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Survival.</FONT></I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">
The obligations set forth in this Section&nbsp;15 shall survive the termination of this Deposit Agreement and the succession or substitution
of any indemnified person.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">16. <B>Notices</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Notice
to Holders</FONT></I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">. Notice to any Holder shall be deemed given when first mailed, first class postage
prepaid, to the address of such Holder on the ADR Register or, if such Holder has filed with the Depositary a written request that notices
intended for that Holder be mailed to some other address, at the address designated in that request. Notice to any Holder in electronic
form shall be deemed given when first sent in the manner consented to by the Holder to the electronic address most recently provided by
the Holder for that purpose. Failure to notify a Holder or any defect in the notification to a Holder shall not affect the sufficiency
of notification to other Holders or to the Beneficial Owners of ADSs evidenced by ADRs held by such other Holders. The Depositary&rsquo;s only
notification obligations under this Deposit Agreement and the ADRs shall be to Holders. Notice to a Holder shall be deemed, for all purposes
of the Deposit Agreement and the ADRs, to constitute notice to any and all Beneficial Owners of the ADSs evidenced by such Holder&rsquo;s
ADRs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Notice
to the Depositary or the Company</FONT></I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">. Subject to the next paragraph, notice to the Depositary or
the Company shall be deemed given when first received by it at the address or facsimile transmission number set forth in (i)&nbsp;or (ii),
respectively, or at such other address or facsimile transmission number as either may specify to the other by written notice:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(i)</TD><TD>JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 2in">383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 2in">New York, New York, 10179</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 2in">Attention: Depositary Receipts Group</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 2in">Fax: (302) 220-4591</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 2in">E-mail Address: DR_Global_CSM@jpmorgan.com</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(ii)</TD><TD>Novartis AG</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in">P.O.&nbsp;Box 4002</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in">Basel, Switzerland</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in">Attention: Group Treasury</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in">Fax: 41-61-324-8444</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in">E-mail Addresses: regulations.treasury@novartis.com and share.registry@novartis.com</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Delivery of a notice by means of electronic messaging shall be deemed
to be effective at the time of the initiation of the transmission by the sender (as shown on the sender&rsquo;s records) to the email
address set forth above, notwithstanding that the intended recipient retrieves the message at a later date, fails to retrieve such message,
or fails to receive such notice on account of its failure to maintain the designated e-mail address, its failure to designate a substitute
e-mail address or for any other reason.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">17. <B>Counterparts. </B>This Deposit Agreement
may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which shall constitute one instrument.
Delivery of an executed signature page&nbsp;of this Deposit Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission (including &ldquo;.pdf&rdquo;,
 &ldquo;.tif&rdquo; or similar formats) shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">18. <B>No Third-Party Beneficiaries; Holders and
Beneficial Owners as Parties; Binding Effect</B>. This Deposit Agreement is for the exclusive benefit of the Company, the Depositary,
the Holders, and their respective successors hereunder, and, except to the extent specifically set forth in Section&nbsp;15 of this Deposit
Agreement, shall not give any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim whatsoever to any other person. The Holders and Beneficial Owners
from time to time shall be parties to this Deposit Agreement and shall be bound by all of the provisions hereof. A Beneficial Owner shall
only be able to exercise any right or receive any benefit hereunder solely through the Holder of the ADR(s)&nbsp;evidencing the ADSs
owned by such Beneficial Owner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">19. <B>Severability</B>. If any provision of this
Deposit Agreement or the ADRs is invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the remaining provisions contained herein and therein
shall in no way be affected thereby.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">20. <B>Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;The Deposit Agreement,
the ADSs and the ADRs shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York without giving
effect to the application of the conflict of law principles thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>By
the Company.</I> The Company irrevocably agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding against the Company brought by the Depositary
or any Holder, arising out of or based upon this Deposit Agreement, the ADSs or the ADRs or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby,
may be instituted in any state or federal court in New York, New York, and irrevocably waives any objection which it may now or hereafter
have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such
suit, action or proceeding. The Company also irrevocably agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding against the Depositary brought
by the Company, arising out of or based upon this Deposit Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, may only be instituted in
a state or federal court in New York, New York.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>By
Holders and Beneficial Owners.</I> By holding an ADS or an interest therein, Holders and Beneficial Owners each irrevocably agree that
any legal suit, action or proceeding against or involving the Company or the Depositary, arising out of or based upon this Deposit Agreement,
the ADSs, the ADRs or the transactions contemplated herein, therein or hereby, may only be instituted in a state or federal court in New
York, New York, and by holding an ADS or an interest therein each irrevocably waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have
to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit,
action or proceeding.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Notwithstanding
the foregoing, any action against the Company based on this Deposit Agreement, the ADSs or the ADRs or the transactions contemplated hereby
or thereby, may be instituted by the Depositary in any competent court in Switzerland and/or the United States.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Courier; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">21. <B>Agent for Service.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Appointment</FONT></I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.
The Company has appointed Corporation Service Company, 80 State Street, Albany, New York 12207 as its authorized agent (the &quot;<B>Authorized
Agent</B>&quot;) upon which process may be served in any such action arising out of or based on this Deposit Agreement or the transactions
contemplated hereby which may be instituted in any state or federal court in New York, New York by the Depositary or any Holder, and waives
any other requirements of or objections to personal jurisdiction with respect thereto. Subject to the Company&rsquo;s rights to replace
the Authorized Agent with another entity in the manner required were the Authorized Agent to have resigned, such appointment shall be
irrevocable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Agent
for Service of Process</FONT></I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">. The Company represents and warrants that the Authorized Agent has agreed
to act as said agent for service of process, and the Company agrees to take any and all action, including the filing of any and all documents
and instruments, that may be necessary to continue such appointment in full force and effect as aforesaid. The Company further hereby
irrevocably consents and agrees to the service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents in any suit, action or proceeding
against the Company, by service by mail of a copy thereof upon the Authorized Agent (whether or not the appointment of such Authorized
Agent shall for any reason prove to be ineffective or such Authorized Agent shall fail to accept or acknowledge such service), with a
copy mailed to the Company by registered or certified air mail, postage prepaid, to its address provided in Section&nbsp;16(b)&nbsp;hereof.
The Company agrees that the failure of the Authorized Agent to give any notice of such service to it shall not impair or affect in any
way the validity of such service or any judgment rendered in any suit, action or proceeding based thereon. If, for any reason, the Authorized
Agent named above or its successor shall no longer serve as agent of the Company to receive service of process in New York, the Company
shall promptly appoint a successor that is a legal entity with offices in New York, New York, so as to serve and will promptly advise
the Depositary thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Waiver
of Personal Service of Process</FONT></I><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">. In the event the Company fails to continue such designation and
appointment in full force and effect, the Company hereby waives personal service of process upon it and consents that any such service
of process may be made by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, directed to the Company at its address last specified
for notices hereunder, and service so made shall be deemed completed five (5)&nbsp;days after the same shall have been so mailed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">22. <B>Waiver of Immunities. </B>To the extent
that the Company or any of its properties, assets or revenues may have or may hereafter be entitled to, or have attributed to it, any
right of immunity, on the grounds of sovereignty or otherwise, from any legal action, suit or proceeding, from the giving of any relief
in any respect thereof, from setoff or counterclaim, from the jurisdiction of any court, from service of process, from attachment upon
or prior to judgment, from attachment in aid of execution or judgment, or from execution of judgment, or other legal process or proceeding
for the giving of any relief or for the enforcement of any judgment, in any jurisdiction in which proceedings may at any time be commenced,
with respect to its obligations, liabilities or other matters under or arising out of or in connection with the Shares or Deposited Securities,
the ADSs, the ADRs or this Deposit Agreement, the Company, to the fullest extent permitted by law, hereby irrevocably and unconditionally
waives, and agrees not to plead or claim, any such immunity and consents to such relief and enforcement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">23. <B>Waiver of Jury Trial</B>. EACH PARTY TO
THIS DEPOSIT AGREEMENT (INCLUDING, FOR AVOIDANCE OF DOUBT, EACH HOLDER AND BENEFICIAL OWNER OF, AND/OR HOLDER OF INTERESTS IN, ADSS OR
ADRS) HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY&nbsp;HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY
SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING AGAINST THE DEPOSITARY AND/OR THE COMPANY DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, BASED ON OR RELATING IN ANY
WAY TO THE SHARES OR OTHER DEPOSITED SECURITIES, THE ADSs OR THE ADRs, THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREIN OR
THEREIN, OR THE BREACH HEREOF OR THEREOF (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, COMMON LAW OR ANY OTHER THEORY),&nbsp;INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
ANY SUIT, ACTION, CLAIM OR PROCEEDING UNDER THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS. No provision of this Deposit Agreement or any ADR
is intended to constitute a waiver or limitation of any rights which a Holder or any Beneficial Owner may have under the Securities Act
of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, to the extent applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">24. <B>Amendment and Restatement of Prior Deposit
Agreement</B>. The Deposit Agreement amends and restates the Prior Deposit Agreement in its entirety to consist exclusively of the Deposit
Agreement, and each Prior Receipt is hereby deemed amended and restated to substantially conform to the form of ADR set forth in Exhibit&nbsp;A
annexed hereto, except that, to the extent any portion of such amendment and restatement impose or increase any fees or charges different
from those set forth herein (other than charges in connection with foreign exchange control regulations, and taxes and other governmental
charges, delivery and other such expenses), or otherwise materially prejudice any substantial existing right of Holders of Prior Receipts
or Beneficial Owners of ADSs evidenced by such Prior Receipts, such portion shall not become effective as to such Holders or Beneficial
Owners with respect to such Prior Receipts until 30 days after such Holders shall have received notice thereof, such notice to be conclusively
deemed given upon the mailing to such Holders of notice of such amendment and restatement which notice contains a provision whereby such
Holders can receive a copy of the form of ADR.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, NOVARTIS AG and JPMORGAN CHASE
BANK, N.A. have duly executed this Deposit Agreement as of the day and year first above set forth and all Holders and Beneficial Owners
shall become parties hereto upon acceptance by them of ADSs issued in accordance with the terms hereof, or upon acquisition of any beneficial
interest therein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">NOVARTIS AG</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 47%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">Name:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Title</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 47%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">Name:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Title</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 47%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%">Name:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Title</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">EXHIBIT A</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ANNEXED TO AND INCORPORATED IN</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><U>DEPOSIT AGREEMENT</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[FORM&nbsp;OF FACE OF ADR]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 65%"><U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 35%">No.&nbsp;of ADSs:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Number</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Each ADS represents</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">One Share</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">CUSIP:</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPT</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">evidencing</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">representing</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">SHARES</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">of</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">NOVARTIS AG</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Incorporated under the laws of Switzerland)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., a national banking
association organized under the laws of the United States of America, as depositary hereunder (the &quot;<B>Depositary</B>&quot;),
hereby certifies that _____________________ is the registered owner (a &quot;<B>Holder</B>&quot;) of ____________ American
Depositary Shares (&quot;<B>ADSs</B>&quot;), each (subject to paragraph (13) (<I>Changes Affecting Deposited Securities</I>))
representing one share (including the rights to receive Shares described in paragraph (1)&nbsp;(<I>Issuance of ADSs</I>),
 &quot;<B>Shares</B>&quot; and, together with any other securities, cash or property from time to time held by the Depositary in
respect or in lieu of deposited Shares, the &quot;<B>Deposited Securities</B>&quot;), of Novartis AG, a corporation organized under
the laws of Switzerland (the &quot;<B>Company</B>&quot;), deposited under the Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement dated as
of ___________________ __, 2022 (as amended from time to time, the &quot;<B>Deposit Agreement</B>&quot;) among the Company, the
Depositary and all Holders and Beneficial Owners from time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder
(&quot;<B>ADRs</B>&quot;), each of whom by accepting an ADR becomes a party thereto. The Deposit Agreement and this ADR (which
includes the provisions set forth on the reverse hereof) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of
the State of New York without giving effect to the application of the conflict of law principles thereof. All capitalized terms used
herein, and not defined herein, shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Deposit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(1)&nbsp; <B>Issuance of ADSs</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)<I>&nbsp; Issuance</I>. This ADR is one of the
ADRs issued under the Deposit Agreement. Subject to the other provisions hereof, the Depositary may so issue ADRs for delivery at the
Transfer Office (as hereinafter defined) only against deposit of: (i)&nbsp;Shares in a form satisfactory to the Custodian; or (ii)&nbsp;rights
to receive Shares from the Company or any registrar, transfer agent, clearing agent or other entity recording Share ownership or transactions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; <I>Lending</I>. In its capacity as Depositary,
the Depositary shall not lend Shares or ADSs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(c)&nbsp; <I>Representations and Warranties of Depositors</I>.
Every person depositing Shares under the Deposit Agreement represents and warrants that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(i)</TD><TD>such Shares and the certificates therefor are duly authorized, validly issued and outstanding, fully paid, nonassessable and legally
obtained by such person,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(ii)</TD><TD>all pre-emptive and comparable rights, if any, with respect to such Shares have been validly waived or exercised,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(iii)</TD><TD>the person making such deposit is duly authorized so to do,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(iv)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the Shares presented for deposit are free and clear of any lien, encumbrance, security interest, charge, mortgage or adverse claim
and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(v)</TD><TD>such Shares (A)&nbsp;are not &quot;restricted securities&quot; as such term is defined in Rule&nbsp;144 under the Securities Act of
1933 (&quot;<B>Restricted Securities</B>&quot;) unless at the time of deposit the requirements of paragraphs (c), (e), (f)&nbsp;and (h)&nbsp;of
Rule&nbsp;144 shall not apply and such Shares may be freely transferred and may otherwise be offered and sold freely in the United States
or (B)&nbsp;have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933. To the extent the person depositing Shares is an &quot;affiliate&quot;
of the Company as such term is defined in Rule&nbsp;144, the person also represents and warrants that upon the sale of the ADSs, all of
the provisions of Rule&nbsp;144 which enable the Shares to be freely sold (in the form of ADSs) will be fully complied with and, as a
result thereof, all of the ADSs issued in respect of such Shares will not be on the sale thereof, Restricted Securities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Courier; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">Such representations and warranties shall survive
the deposit and withdrawal of Shares and the issuance and cancellation of ADSs in respect thereof and the transfer of such ADSs. If any
of the representations or warranties are incorrect in any way, the Company and the Depositary may, at the cost of the breaching Holder
and/or Beneficial Owner, and each of them, take any and all actions necessary to correct the consequences of such misrepresentation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(d)&nbsp; The Depositary may refuse to accept for
such deposit any Shares identified by the Company in order to facilitate compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933
or the Rules&nbsp;made thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(2)&nbsp; <B>Withdrawal of Deposited Securities</B>.
Subject to paragraphs (4)&nbsp;(<I>Certain Limitations to Registration, Transfer etc.) </I>and (5)&nbsp;(<I>Liability for Taxes, Duties
and Other Charges</I>), upon surrender of (a)&nbsp;a certificated ADR in a form satisfactory to the Depositary at the Transfer Office
or (b)&nbsp;proper instructions and documentation in the case of a Direct Registration ADR, the Holder hereof is entitled to delivery
at, or to the extent in dematerialized form from, the Custodian's office of the Deposited Securities at the time represented by the ADSs
evidenced by this ADR. At the request, risk and expense of the Holder hereof, the Depositary may deliver such Deposited Securities at
such other place as may have been requested by the Holder. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Deposit Agreement or this ADR, the
withdrawal of Deposited Securities may be restricted only for the reasons set forth in General Instruction I.A.(1)&nbsp;of Form&nbsp;F-6
(as such instructions may be amended from time to time) under the Securities Act of 1933.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(3)&nbsp; <B>Transfers, Split-Ups and Combinations
of ADRs</B>. The Depositary or its agent will keep, at a designated transfer office (the &quot;<B>Transfer Office</B>&quot;), (i)&nbsp;a
register (the &quot;<B>ADR Register</B>&quot;) for the registration, registration of transfer, combination and split-up of ADRs, and,
in the case of Direct Registration ADRs, shall include the Direct Registration System, which at all reasonable times will be open for
inspection by Holders and the Company for the purpose of communicating with Holders in the interest of the business of the Company or
a matter relating to the Deposit Agreement and (ii)&nbsp;facilities for the delivery and receipt of ADRs. The term ADR Register includes
the Direct Registration System. Title to this ADR (and to the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced hereby), when properly
endorsed (in the case of ADRs in certificated form) or upon delivery to the Depositary of proper instruments of transfer, is transferable
by delivery with the same effect as in the case of negotiable instruments under the laws of the State of New York; <U>provided</U> that
the Depositary, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, may treat the person in whose name this ADR is registered on the ADR Register
as the absolute owner hereof for all purposes and neither the Depositary nor the Company will have any obligation or be subject to any
liability under the Deposit Agreement or any ADR to any Beneficial Owner, unless such Beneficial Owner is the Holder hereof. Subject to
paragraphs (4)&nbsp;and (5), this ADR is transferable on the ADR Register and may be split into other ADRs or combined with other ADRs
into one ADR, evidencing the aggregate number of ADSs surrendered for split-up or combination, by the Holder hereof or by duly authorized
attorney upon surrender of this ADR at the Transfer Office properly endorsed (in the case of ADRs in certificated form) or upon delivery
to the Depositary of proper instruments of transfer and duly stamped as may be required by applicable law; <U>provided</U> that the Depositary
may close the ADR Register (or any portion thereof) at any time or from time to time when deemed expedient by it. Additionally, it may
also close the issuance book portion of the ADR Register, when reasonably requested by the Company solely in order to enable the Company
to comply with applicable law. At the request of a Holder, the Depositary shall, for the purpose of substituting a certificated ADR with
a Direct Registration ADR, or vice versa, execute and deliver a certificated ADR or a Direct Registration ADR, as the case may be, for
any authorized number of ADSs requested, evidencing the same aggregate number of ADSs as those evidenced by the certificated ADR or Direct
Registration ADR, as the case may be, substituted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(4)&nbsp; <B>Certain Limitations to Registration,
Transfer etc</B>. Prior to the issue, registration, registration of transfer, split-up or combination of any ADR, the delivery of any
distribution in respect thereof, or, subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2)&nbsp;(<I>Withdrawal of Deposited Securities</I>), the
withdrawal of any Deposited Securities, and from time to time in the case of clause (b)(ii)&nbsp;of this paragraph (4), the Company, the
Depositary or the Custodian may require:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)&nbsp; payment with respect thereto of (i)&nbsp;any
stock transfer or other tax or other governmental charge, (ii)&nbsp;any stock transfer or registration fees in effect for the registration
of transfers of Shares or other Deposited Securities upon any applicable register and (iii)&nbsp;any applicable charges as provided in
paragraph (7)&nbsp;(<I>Charges of Depositary</I>) of this ADR;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; the production of proof satisfactory to
it of (i)&nbsp;the identity of any signatory and genuineness of any signature and (ii)&nbsp;such other information, including without
limitation, information as to citizenship, residence, exchange control approval, beneficial ownership of any securities, compliance with
applicable law, regulations, provisions of or governing Deposited Securities and terms of the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, as it may
deem necessary or proper; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(c)&nbsp; compliance with such regulations as the
Depositary may establish consistent with the Deposit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The issuance of ADRs, the acceptance of deposits
of Shares, the registration, registration of transfer, split-up or combination of ADRs or, subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2)&nbsp;(<I>Withdrawal
of Deposited Securities</I>), the withdrawal of Deposited Securities may be suspended, generally or in particular instances, when the
ADR Register or any register for Deposited Securities is closed or when any such action is deemed advisable by the Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(5)&nbsp; <B>Liability for Taxes, Duties and Other
Charges</B>. If any tax or other governmental charges (including any penalties and/or interest) shall become payable by or on behalf of
the Custodian or the Depositary with respect to this ADR, any Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced hereby or any distribution
thereon, such tax or other governmental charge shall be paid by the Holder hereof to the Depositary and by holding or having held this
ADR or any ADSs evidenced hereby, the Holder and all Beneficial Owners hereof and thereof, and all prior Holders and Beneficial Owners
hereof and thereof, jointly and severally, agree to indemnify, defend and save harmless each of the Depositary and its agents in respect
of such tax or other governmental charge. Each Holder of this ADR and Beneficial Owner of the ADSs evidenced hereby, and each prior Holder
and Beneficial Owner hereof and thereof (collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Tax Indemnitors</B>&rdquo;), by holding or having held an ADR or
an interest in ADSs, acknowledges and agrees that the Depositary shall have the right to seek payment of amounts owing with respect to
this ADR under this paragraph (5)&nbsp;from any one or more Tax Indemnitor(s)&nbsp;as determined by the Depositary in its sole discretion,
without any obligation to seek payment from any other Tax Indemnitor(s). The Depositary may refuse to effect any registration, registration
of transfer, split-up or combination hereof or, subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2)&nbsp;(<I>Withdrawal of Deposited Securities</I>),
any withdrawal of such Deposited Securities until such payment is made. The Depositary may also deduct from any distributions on or in
respect of Deposited Securities, or may sell by public or private sale for the account of the Holder hereof any part or all of such Deposited
Securities, and may apply such deduction or the proceeds of any such sale in payment of such tax or other governmental charge, the Holder
hereof remaining liable for any deficiency, and shall reduce the number of ADSs evidenced hereby to reflect any such sales of Shares.
In connection with any distribution to Holders, the Company will remit to the appropriate governmental authority or agency all amounts
(if any) required to be withheld and owing to such authority or agency by the Company; and the Depositary and the Custodian will remit
to the appropriate governmental authority or agency all amounts (if any) required to be withheld and owing to such authority or agency
by the Depositary or the Custodian. To the extent not prohibited by law, rule&nbsp;or regulation, the Depositary will forward to the Company
such information from its transfer records maintained by it in its capacity as Depositary under the Deposit Agreement as the Company may
reasonably request to enable the Company to file any necessary reports with governmental authorities or agencies that are required in
order to enable Holders to benefit from reduced withholding tax rates under applicable tax treaties. If the Depositary determines that
any distribution in property other than cash (including Shares or rights) on Deposited Securities is subject to any tax that the Depositary
or the Custodian is obligated to withhold, the Depositary may dispose of all or a portion of such property in such amounts and in such
manner as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable to pay such taxes, by public or private sale, and the Depositary shall distribute
the net proceeds of any such sale or the balance of any such property after deduction of such taxes to the Holders entitled thereto. Each
Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees to indemnify the Depositary, the Company, the Custodian and any of their respective officers, directors,
employees, agents and affiliates against, and hold each of them harmless from, any claims by any governmental authority with respect to
taxes, additions to tax, penalties or interest arising out of any refund of taxes, reduced rate of withholding at source or other tax
benefit obtained which obligations shall survive any transfer or surrender of ADSs or the termination of the Deposit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(6)&nbsp; <B>Disclosure of Interests</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)&nbsp; <I>General</I>. To the extent that the
provisions of or governing any Deposited Securities may require disclosure of or impose limits on beneficial or other ownership of, or
interests in, Deposited Securities, other Shares and other securities and may provide for blocking transfer, voting or other rights to
enforce such disclosure or limits, Holders and Beneficial Owners agree to comply with all such disclosure requirements and ownership limitations
and to comply with any reasonable Company instructions in respect thereof. The Company reserves the right to instruct Holders (and through
any such Holder, the Beneficial Owners of ADSs evidenced by the ADRs registered in such Holder's name) to deliver their ADSs for cancellation
and withdrawal of the Deposited Securities so as to permit the Company to deal directly with the Holder and/or Beneficial Owner thereof
as a holder of Shares and Holders and Beneficial Owners agree to comply with such instructions. The Depositary agrees to cooperate with
the Company in its efforts to inform Holders of the Company's exercise of its rights under this paragraph and agrees to consult with,
and provide reasonable assistance without risk, liability or expense on the part of the Depositary, to the Company on the manner or manners
in which it may enforce such rights with respect to any Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; <I>Jurisdiction Specific</I>. Article&nbsp;5
of the Company's Articles of Incorporation provides that the Board of Directors of the Company may register nominees with the right to
vote in the share register of the Company to the extent of up to 0.5% of the registered share capital as set forth in the commercial register.
Registered Shares held by a nominee that exceed this limit may be registered in the share register if the nominee discloses the names,
addresses and the number of Shares of the persons for whose account it holds 0.5% or more of the registered Share capital as set forth
in the commercial register. A nominee who does not comply with such disclosure requirements will be registered in the share register of
the Company without voting rights with respect to such Shares. Nominees within the meaning of this provision of Article&nbsp;5 of the
Company's Articles of Incorporation are persons who do not explicitly declare in the request for registration to hold the Shares for their
own account and with whom the Board of Directors of the Company has entered into a corresponding agreement. The Company has agreed to
exempt the Depositary and the Custodian and their respective nominees if any (but no individual Holder) from this limitation in respect
of Deposited Securities held in connection with the Company's ADR program up to a limit of 20% of the Company's share capital at any time
entered in the Commercial Register of the Canton of Basel City.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">Subject to the sub-paragraph (c)&nbsp;of Paragraph
(12) hereof, regardless of whether a holder of Shares (in the form of Shares and/or ADRs or otherwise) has complied with all disclosure
requirements, the Company may in its discretion refuse to recognize the voting rights (and the rights connected therewith) of any Holder
of Shares in respect of Shares held, directly or indirectly, singly or in combination or concert with other entities by agreement or otherwise,
in excess of 2% of the Company's share capital at any time entered in the Commercial Register of the Canton of Basel City. See paragraph
(12) regarding Voting of Deposited Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">Any summary of the laws and regulations of Switzerland
and of the terms of the Company's constituent documents has been provided by the Company solely for the convenience of Holders, Beneficial
Owners and the Depositary. While such summaries are believed by the Company to be accurate as of the date of the Deposit Agreement, (i)&nbsp;they
are summaries and as such may not include all aspects of the materials summarized applicable to a Holder or Beneficial Owner, and (ii)&nbsp;these
laws and regulations and the Company's constituent documents may change after the date of the Deposit Agreement. Neither the Depositary
nor the Company has any obligation to update any such summaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(7)&nbsp; <B>Charges of Depositary</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)&nbsp; <I>Rights of the Depositary</I>. The Depositary
may charge, and collect from, (i)&nbsp;each person to whom ADSs are issued,&nbsp;including, without limitation, issuances&nbsp;against
deposits of Shares,&nbsp;issuances in respect of Share Distributions, Rights and Other Distributions (as such terms are defined in paragraph
(10)&nbsp;(<I>Distributions on Deposited Securities</I>)),&nbsp;issuances pursuant to a stock dividend or stock split declared by the
Company, or issuances pursuant to a merger,&nbsp;exchange of securities or any other transaction or event affecting the ADSs or the Deposited
Securities, and (ii)&nbsp;each person surrendering ADSs for withdrawal of Deposited Securities or whose ADSs are cancelled or reduced
for any other reason U.S.$5.00 or less for each 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) issued, delivered, reduced, cancelled&nbsp;or surrendered,
or upon which a Share Distribution or elective distribution is made or offered (as the case may be). The Depositary may sell (by public
or private sale) sufficient securities and property received in respect of Share Distributions, Rights and Other Distributions prior to
such deposit to pay such charge.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; <I>Additional fees, charges and expenses
by the Depositary</I>. The following additional fees, charges and expenses shall also be incurred by the Holders, the Beneficial Owners,
by any party depositing or withdrawing Shares or by any party surrendering ADSs and/or to whom ADSs are issued (including, without limitation,
issuances pursuant to a stock dividend or stock split declared by the Company or an exchange of stock regarding the ADSs or the Deposited
Securities or a distribution of ADSs pursuant to paragraph (10)&nbsp;(<I>Distributions on Deposited Securities</I>), whichever is applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(i)</TD><TD>a fee of U.S.$0.05 or less per ADS held for any Cash distribution made, or for any elective cash/stock dividend offered, pursuant
to the Deposit Agreement,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(ii)</TD><TD>a fee for the distribution or sale of securities pursuant to paragraph (10)&nbsp;hereof, such fee being in an amount equal to the
fee for the execution and delivery of ADSs referred to above which would have been charged as a result of the deposit of such securities
(for purposes of this paragraph (7)&nbsp;treating all such securities as if they were Shares) but which securities or the net cash proceeds
from the sale thereof are instead distributed by the Depositary to Holders entitled thereto,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(iii)</TD><TD>an aggregate fee of U.S.$0.05 or less per ADS per calendar year (or portion thereof) for services performed by the Depositary in administering
the ADRs (which fee may be charged on a periodic basis during each calendar year and shall be assessed against Holders as of the record
date or record dates set by the Depositary during each calendar year and shall be payable at the sole discretion of the Depositary by
billing such Holders or by deducting such charge from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions), and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(iv)</TD><TD>an amount for the reimbursement of such charges and expenses as are incurred by the Depositary and/or any of its agents (including,
without limitation, the Custodian and charges and expenses incurred on behalf of Holders in connection with compliance with foreign exchange
control regulations or any law or regulation relating to foreign investment) in connection with the servicing of the Shares or other Deposited
Securities, the sale of securities (including, without limitation, Deposited Securities), the delivery of Deposited Securities or otherwise
in connection with the Depositary's or its Custodian's compliance with applicable law, rule&nbsp;or regulation (which charges and expenses
may be assessed on a proportionate basis against Holders as of the record date or dates set by the Depositary and shall be payable at
the sole discretion of the Depositary by billing such Holders or by deducting such charge or expense from one or more cash dividends or
other cash distributions).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(c)&nbsp; <I>Other Obligations, Fees, Charges and
Expenses</I>. The Company will pay all other fees, charges and expenses of the Depositary and any agent of the Depositary (except the
Custodian) pursuant to agreements from time to time between the Company and the Depositary, except:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(i)</TD><TD>stock transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges (which are payable by Holders or persons depositing Shares);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(ii)</TD><TD>a transaction fee per cancellation request (including through SWIFT, telex and facsimile transmission) as disclosed on the &ldquo;Disclosures&rdquo;
page&nbsp;(or successor page) of www.adr.com (as updated by the Depositary from time to time, &ldquo;<B>ADR.com</B>&rdquo;) and any applicable
delivery expenses (which are payable by such persons or Holders); and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(iii)</TD><TD>transfer or registration expenses for the registration or transfer of Deposited Securities on any applicable register in connection
with the deposit or withdrawal of Deposited Securities (which are payable by persons depositing Shares or Holders withdrawing Deposited
Securities).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(d)&nbsp; <I>Foreign Exchange Related Matters.</I>
To facilitate the administration of various depositary receipt transactions, including disbursement of dividends or other cash distributions
and other corporate actions, the Depositary may engage the foreign exchange desk within JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the &ldquo;<B>Bank</B>&rdquo;)
and/or its affiliates in order to enter into spot foreign exchange transactions to convert foreign currency into U.S. dollars (&ldquo;<B>FX
Transactions</B>&rdquo;). For certain currencies, FX Transactions are entered into with the Bank or an affiliate, as the case may be,
acting in a principal capacity. For other currencies, FX Transactions are routed directly to and managed by an unaffiliated local custodian
(or other third party local liquidity provider), and neither the Bank nor any of its affiliates is a party to such FX Transactions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">The foreign exchange rate applied
to an FX Transaction will be either (a)&nbsp;a published benchmark rate, or (b)&nbsp;a rate determined by a third party local liquidity
provider, in each case plus or minus a spread, as applicable. The Depositary will disclose which foreign exchange rate and spread, if
any, apply to such currency on the &ldquo;Disclosures&rdquo; page&nbsp;(or successor page) of ADR.com. Such applicable foreign exchange
rate and spread may (and neither the Depositary, the Bank nor any of their affiliates is under any obligation to ensure that such rate
does not) differ from rates and spreads at which comparable transactions are entered into with other customers or the range of foreign
exchange rates and spreads at which the Bank or any of its affiliates enters into foreign exchange transactions in the relevant currency
pair on the date of the FX Transaction. Additionally, the timing of execution of an FX Transaction varies according to local market dynamics,
which may include regulatory requirements, market hours and liquidity in the foreign exchange market or other factors. Furthermore, the
Bank and its affiliates may manage the associated risks of their position in the market in a manner they deem appropriate without regard
to the impact of such activities on the Company, the Depositary, Holders or Beneficial Owners. The spread applied does not reflect any
gains or losses that may be earned or incurred by the Bank and its affiliates as a result of risk management or other hedging related
activity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">Notwithstanding the foregoing,
to the extent the Company provides U.S. dollars to the Depositary, neither the Bank nor any of its affiliates will execute an FX Transaction
as set forth herein. In such case, the Depositary will distribute the U.S. dollars received from the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">Further details relating to
the applicable foreign exchange rate, the applicable spread and the execution of FX Transactions will be provided by the Depositary on
ADR.com. The Company, Holders and Beneficial Owners each acknowledge and agree that the terms applicable to FX Transactions disclosed
from time to time on ADR.com will apply to any FX Transaction executed pursuant to the Deposit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(e)&nbsp; <I>Disclosure of Potential Depositary Payments</I>.
The Depositary anticipates reimbursing the Company for certain expenses incurred by the Company that are related to the establishment
and maintenance of the ADR program upon such terms and conditions as the Company and the Depositary may agree from time to time.&nbsp;
The Depositary may make available to the Company a set amount or a portion of the Depositary fees charged in respect of the ADR program
or otherwise upon such terms and conditions as the Company and the Depositary may agree from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(f)&nbsp; The right of the Depositary to receive
payment of fees, charges and expenses as provided above shall survive the termination of the Deposit Agreement. As to any Depositary,
upon the resignation or removal of such Depositary, such right shall extend for those fees, charges and expenses incurred prior to the
effectiveness of such resignation or removal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(8)&nbsp; <B>Available Information</B>. The Deposit
Agreement, the provisions of or governing Deposited Securities and any written communications from the Company, which are both received
by the Custodian or its nominee as a holder of Deposited Securities and made generally available to the holders of Deposited Securities,
are available for inspection by Holders at the offices of the Depositary and the Custodian, at the Transfer Office, on the U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission&rsquo;s website, or upon request from the Depositary (which request may be refused by the Depositary at its discretion).
The Depositary will distribute copies of such communications (or English translations or summaries thereof) to Holders when furnished
by the Company. The Company is subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and accordingly files
certain reports with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the &quot;<B>Commission</B>&quot;). Such reports and other
information may be accessed through the Commission&rsquo;s internet site at http://www.sec.gov.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(9)&nbsp; <B>Execution</B>. This ADR shall not
be valid for any purpose unless executed by the Depositary by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized officer of the Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dated:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., as Depositary</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 3%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; width: 47%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Authorized Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Depositary's office is located at 383 Madison
Avenue, Floor 11, New York, New York 10179.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[FORM&nbsp;OF REVERSE OF ADR]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(10)&nbsp; <B>Distributions on Deposited Securities</B>.
Subject to paragraphs (4)&nbsp;(<I>Certain Limitations to Registration, Transfer etc.</I>) and (5)&nbsp;(<I>Liability for Taxes, Duties
and other Charges</I>), to the extent practicable, the Depositary will distribute to each Holder entitled thereto on the record date set
by the Depositary therefor at such Holder's address shown on the ADR Register, in proportion to the number of Deposited Securities (on
which the following distributions on Deposited Securities are received by the Custodian) represented by ADSs evidenced by such Holder's
ADRs:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)&nbsp; <I>Cash</I>. Any U.S. dollars available
to the Depositary resulting from a cash dividend or other cash distribution or the net proceeds of sales of any other distribution or
portion thereof authorized in this paragraph (10)&nbsp;(&quot;<B>Cash</B>&quot;), on an averaged or other practicable basis, subject to
(i)&nbsp;appropriate adjustments for taxes withheld, (ii)&nbsp;such distribution being impermissible or impracticable with respect to
certain Holders, and (iii)&nbsp;deduction of the Depositary's and/or its agents' fees and expenses in (1)&nbsp;converting any foreign
currency to U.S. dollars by sale or in such other manner as the Depositary may determine to the extent that it determines that such conversion
may be made on a reasonable basis, (2)&nbsp;transferring foreign currency or U.S. dollars to the United States by such means as the Depositary
may determine to the extent that it determines that such transfer may be made on a reasonable basis, (3)&nbsp;obtaining any approval or
license of any governmental authority required for such conversion or transfer, which is obtainable at a reasonable cost and within a
reasonable time and (4)&nbsp;making any sale by public or private means in any commercially reasonable manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; <I>Shares</I>. (i)&nbsp;Additional ADRs
evidencing whole ADSs representing any Shares available to the Depositary resulting from a dividend or free distribution on Deposited
Securities consisting of Shares (a &quot;<B>Share Distribution</B>&quot;) and (ii)&nbsp;U.S. dollars available to it resulting from the
net proceeds of sales of Shares received in a Share Distribution, which Shares would give rise to fractional ADSs if additional ADRs were
issued therefor, as in the case of Cash.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(c)&nbsp; <I>Rights</I>. (i)&nbsp;Warrants or other
instruments in the discretion of the Depositary representing rights to acquire additional ADRs in respect of any rights to subscribe for
additional Shares or rights of any nature available to the Depositary as a result of a distribution on Deposited Securities (&quot;<B>Rights</B>&quot;),
to the extent that the Company timely furnishes to the Depositary evidence satisfactory to the Depositary that the Depositary may lawfully
distribute the same (the Company has no obligation to so furnish such evidence), or (ii)&nbsp;to the extent the Company does not so furnish
such evidence and sales of Rights are practicable, any U.S. dollars available to the Depositary from the net proceeds of sales of Rights
as in the case of Cash, or (iii)&nbsp;to the extent the Company does not so furnish such evidence and such sales cannot practicably be
accomplished by reason of the nontransferability of the Rights, limited markets therefor, their short duration or otherwise, nothing (and
any Rights may lapse).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(d)&nbsp; <I>Other Distributions</I>. (i)&nbsp;Securities
or property available to the Depositary resulting from any distribution on Deposited Securities other than Cash, Share Distributions and
Rights (&quot;<B>Other Distributions</B>&quot;), by any means that the Depositary may deem equitable and practicable, or (ii)&nbsp;to
the extent the Depositary deems distribution of such securities or property not to be equitable and practicable, any U.S. dollars available
to the Depositary from the net proceeds of sales of Other Distributions as in the case of Cash.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">The Depositary reserves the right to utilize a division,
branch or affiliate of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. to direct, manage and/or execute any public and/or private sale of securities hereunder.
Such division, branch and/or affiliate may charge the Depositary a fee in connection with such sales, which fee is considered an expense
of the Depositary contemplated above and/or under paragraph (7)&nbsp;(<I>Charges of Depositary</I>). Any U.S. dollars available will be
distributed by checks drawn on a bank in the United States for whole dollars and cents. Fractional cents will be withheld without liability
and dealt with by the Depositary in accordance with its then current practices. All purchases and sales of securities will be handled
by the Depositary in accordance with its then current policies, which are currently set forth on the &ldquo;Disclosures&rdquo; page&nbsp;(or
successor page) of ADR.com, the location and contents of which the Depositary shall be solely responsible for.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(11) <B>Record Dates</B>. The Depositary may, after
consultation with the Company if practicable, fix a record date (which, to the extent applicable, shall be as near as practicable to any
corresponding record date set by the Company) for the determination of the Holders who shall be responsible for the fee assessed by the
Depositary for administration of the ADR program and for any expenses provided for in paragraph (7)&nbsp;hereof as well as for the determination
of the Holders who shall be entitled to receive any distribution on or in respect of Deposited Securities, to give instructions for the
exercise of any voting rights, to receive any notice or to act or be obligated in respect of other matters and only such Holders shall
be so entitled or obligated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(12) <B>Voting of Deposited Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)&nbsp; <I>Notice of any Meeting or Solicitation</I>.
As soon as practicable after receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of Shares are entitled to vote, or of solicitation
of consents or proxies from holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, the Depositary shall fix the ADS record date in accordance
with paragraph (11) above provided that if the Depositary receives a written request from the Company in a timely manner and at least
30 days prior to the date of such vote or meeting, the Depositary shall, at the Company's expense, distribute to Holders a notice (the
 &ldquo;<B>Voting Notice</B>&rdquo;) stating (i)&nbsp;final information particular to such vote and meeting and any solicitation materials,
(ii)&nbsp;that each Holder on the record date set by the Depositary will, subject to any applicable provisions of Swiss law, be entitled
to instruct the Depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the Deposited Securities represented by the
ADSs evidenced by such Holder's ADRs and (iii)&nbsp;the manner in which such instructions may be given or deemed given, including instructions
to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company. Each Holder shall be solely responsible for the forwarding of Voting
Notices to the Beneficial Owners of ADSs registered in such Holder's name. There is no guarantee that Holders and Beneficial Owners generally
or any Holder or Beneficial Owner in particular will receive the notice described above with sufficient time to enable such Holder or
Beneficial Owner to return any voting instructions to the Depositary in a timely manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; <I>Voting of Deposited Securities</I>.
Following actual receipt by the ADR department responsible for proxies and voting of Holders&rsquo; instructions (including, without limitation,
instructions of any entity or entities acting on behalf of the nominee for DTC), the Depositary shall, in the manner and on or before
the time established by the Depositary for such purpose, endeavor to vote or cause to be voted (or to grant a discretionary proxy to a
person designated by the Company) the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced by such Holders&rsquo; ADRs in accordance
with such instructions insofar as practicable and permitted under the provisions of or governing Deposited Securities. The Depositary
will not itself exercise any voting discretion in respect of any Deposited Securities. To the extent that (A)&nbsp;the Depositary has
been provided with at least 35 days&rsquo; notice of the proposed meeting from the Company, (B)&nbsp;the Voting Notice is sent to Holders
and Beneficial Owners no less than 14 days prior to the date of the meeting or the cut-off date for the solicitation of consents, and
(C)&nbsp;the Depositary does not receive instructions on a particular agenda item from a Holder in a timely manner, such Holder shall
be deemed and the Depositary shall deem such Holder to have so instructed the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated
by the Company and the Depositary shall endeavor insofar as practicable and permitted under the provisions of or governing Deposited Securities
to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company to vote the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced
by such Holder's ADRs as to which such instructions are so given with respect to such agenda item(s), provided that no such instruction
shall be deemed given unless the Company promptly informs the Depositary in writing that the Company wishes such proxy to be given with
respect to such agenda item(s). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the Depositary shall not be obligated to give
any such deemed instruction unless and until the Depositary has been provided with an opinion, which may be given at the time of entering
into the Deposit Agreement, of counsel to the Company (which may be internal counsel), in form and substance satisfactory to the Depositary,
to the effect that (i)&nbsp;the granting of such discretionary proxy does not subject the Depositary to any reporting obligations in Switzerland,
(ii)&nbsp;the granting of such proxy will not result in a violation of Swiss law, rule, regulation or permit and (iii)&nbsp;the voting
arrangement and proxy as contemplated herein will be given effect under Swiss law. If after the date such opinion is delivered to the
Depositary the Company is advised by counsel that there has occurred a change in Swiss law such that the foregoing opinion could no longer
be rendered favorably in whole or in part, the Company shall promptly notify the Depositary of such change and the Depositary shall thereafter
have no obligation to give any such discretionary proxy. The Company agrees to direct its counsel to inform it of any such changes in
Swiss law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(c)&nbsp;Pursuant to the Company's Articles of
Incorporation, the Board of Directors of the Company may refuse to recognize the voting rights (and the rights connected therewith)
of any holder of Shares (in the form of Shares and/or ADRs or otherwise) in respect of Shares held, directly or indirectly, singly
or in combination or concert with other entities by agreement or otherwise, in excess of 2% of the Company's share capital at any
time entered in the Commercial Register of the Canton of Basel City. The holdings of affiliated legal entities, including, but not
limited to corporations and partnerships, are aggregated for the purposes of this limitation. The Company has agreed to exempt the
Depositary and the Custodian and their respective nominees if any (but no individual Holder) from this limitation in respect of
Deposited Securities held in connection with the Company's ADR program up to a limit of 20% of the Company's share capital at any
time entered in the Commercial Register of the Canton of Basel City. As a result, the Company hereby instructs the Depositary to
inform the Company if the Depositary reaches 19.5% of the Company's share capital at any time entered into such Commercial Register,
at which time the  Company has informed the Depositary that it will review and may increase this 20% limitation. In the event this 20% limitation is not increased, the Company may refuse to recognize the voting
rights of any Holder regardless of the Holder's individual percentage share ownership or whether the Holder has complied with any
disclosure requirements. This limitation shall not apply to any rights other than voting (and the rights connected therewith), such
as rights relating to dividends or transfer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">In addition, the Company has the right not to recognize
votes of Deposited Securities or other Company securities held by (a)&nbsp;any Holder in excess of the two per cent limitation and/or
(b)&nbsp;any Holder or other person holding an interest in an ADR who has not complied with the disclosure obligations of paragraph (6)&nbsp;hereof.
The Company reserves the right to instruct Holders to deliver their ADSs for cancellation and withdrawal of the Deposited Securities so
as to permit the Company to re-register such withdrawn Deposited Securities as Shares without voting rights. The Company may also refuse
to allow such Holder to redeposit such Shares into the ADR facility.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">The Shares are registered shares the transfer of
which (for so long as they are book-entry shares) is effected by use of the share registration form and by a corresponding entry in the
books of a bank or depositary institution following an assignment in writing by the selling shareholder and notification of such assignment
to the Company. In the event that the Shares will be printed, the transfer is effected by delivery of the endorsed share certificate.
The transfer of Shares further requires that the name of the purchaser be registered in the Share Register of the Company. Failing such
registration, the purchaser of such Shares underlying the ADSs may not vote at general meetings of the Company. All voting rights with
respect to the Shares are subject to Swiss law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(d)&nbsp; <I>Alternative Methods of Distributing
Materials. </I>Notwithstanding anything contained in the Deposit Agreement or any ADR, the Depositary may, to the extent not prohibited
by any law, rule&nbsp;or regulation or the rules&nbsp;and/or requirements of the stock exchange on which the ADSs are listed, in lieu
of distribution of the materials provided to the Depositary in connection with any meeting of or solicitation of consents or proxies from
holders of Deposited Securities, distribute to the Holders a notice that provides Holders with or otherwise publicizes to Holders instructions
on how to retrieve such materials or receive such materials upon request (<I>i.e.</I>, by reference to a website containing the materials
for retrieval or a contact for requesting copies of the materials). Holders are strongly encouraged to forward their voting instructions
as soon as possible. Voting instructions will not be deemed received until such time as the ADR department responsible for proxies and
voting has received such instructions, notwithstanding that such instructions may have been physically received by JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A., as Depositary, prior to such time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(13) <B>Changes Affecting Deposited Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)&nbsp; Subject to paragraphs (4)&nbsp;(<I>Certain
Limitations to Registration, Transfer etc.</I>) and (5)&nbsp;(<I>Liability for Taxes, Duties and Other Charges</I>), the Depositary may,
in its discretion, and shall if reasonably requested by the Company, amend this ADR or distribute additional or amended ADRs (with or
without calling this ADR for exchange) or cash, securities or property on the record date set by the Depositary therefor to reflect any
change in par value, split-up, consolidation, cancellation or other reclassification of Deposited Securities, any Share Distribution or
Other Distribution not distributed to Holders or any cash, securities or property available to the Depositary in respect of Deposited
Securities from (and the Depositary is hereby authorized to surrender any Deposited Securities to any person and, irrespective of whether
such Deposited Securities are surrendered or otherwise cancelled by operation of law, rule, regulation or otherwise, to sell by public
or private sale any property received in connection with) any recapitalization, reorganization, merger, consolidation, liquidation, receivership,
bankruptcy or sale of all or substantially all the assets of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; To the extent the Depositary does not so
amend this ADR or make a distribution to Holders to reflect any of the foregoing, or the net proceeds thereof, whatever cash, securities
or property results from any of the foregoing shall constitute Deposited Securities and each ADS evidenced by this ADR shall automatically
represent its pro rata interest in the Deposited Securities as then constituted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(c)&nbsp; Promptly upon the occurrence of any of
the aforementioned changes affecting Deposited Securities, the Company shall notify the Depositary in writing of such occurrence and as
soon as practicable after receipt of such notice from the Company, may instruct the Depositary to give notice thereof, at the Company's
expense, to Holders in accordance with the provisions hereof. Upon receipt of such instruction, the Depositary shall give notice to the
Holders in accordance with the terms thereof, as soon as reasonably practicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(14) <B>Exoneration</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)&nbsp; The Depositary, the Company, and each of
their respective directors, officers, employees, agents and affiliates and each of them shall: (i)&nbsp;incur no liability to Holders
or Beneficial Owners (A)&nbsp;if any present or future law, rule, regulation, fiat, order or decree of the United States, Switzerland
or any other country or jurisdiction, or of any governmental or regulatory authority or any securities exchange or market or automated
quotation system, the provisions of or governing any Deposited Securities, any present or future provision of the Company's Articles of
Incorporation, any act of God, war, terrorism, nationalization, epidemic, pandemic, expropriation, currency restrictions, work stoppage,
strike, civil unrest, revolutions, rebellions, explosions, computer failure or circumstance beyond its direct and immediate control shall
prevent or delay, or shall cause any of them to be subject to any civil or criminal penalty in connection with, any act which the Deposit
Agreement or this ADR provides shall be done or performed by it or them (including, without limitation, voting pursuant to paragraph (12)
hereof), or (B)&nbsp;by reason of any non-performance or delay, caused as aforesaid, in the performance of any act or things which by
the terms of the Deposit Agreement it is provided shall or may be done or performed or any exercise or failure to exercise any discretion
given it in the Deposit Agreement or this ADR (including, without limitation, any failure to determine that any distribution or action
may be lawful or reasonably practicable); (ii)&nbsp;not incur or assume any liability to Holders or Beneficial Owners except to perform
its obligations to the extent they are specifically set forth in this ADR and the Deposit Agreement without gross negligence or willful
misconduct and the Depositary shall not be a fiduciary or have any fiduciary duty to Holders or Beneficial Owners; (iii)&nbsp;in the case
of the Depositary and its agents, be under no obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any action, suit or other proceeding in respect
of any Deposited Securities, ADSs or this ADR; (iv)&nbsp;in the case of the Company and its agents hereunder be under no obligation to
appear in, prosecute or defend any action, suit or other proceeding in respect of any Deposited Securities, the ADSs, or this ADR, which
in its opinion may involve it in expense or liability, unless indemnity satisfactory to it in its sole discretion against all expense
(including fees and disbursements of counsel) and liability be furnished as often as may be required; and (v)&nbsp;not be liable to Holders
or Beneficial Owners for any action or inaction by it in reliance upon the advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, any
person presenting Shares for deposit, any Holder, any other person believed by it to be competent to give such advice or information,
or in the case of the Depositary only, the Company. The Depositary shall not be liable for the acts or omissions made by, or the insolvency
of, any securities depository, clearing agency or settlement system.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; <I>The Depositary</I>. The Depositary shall
not be responsible for, and shall incur no liability in connection with or arising from, the insolvency of any Custodian that is not a
branch or affiliate of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. The Depositary shall not have any liability for the price received in connection with
any sale of securities, the timing thereof or any delay in action or omission to act nor shall it be responsible for any error or delay
in action, omission to act, default or negligence on the part of the party so retained in connection with any such sale or proposed sale.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Deposit Agreement (including the ADRs), subject to the further limitations set
forth in subparagraph (p)&nbsp;of this paragraph (14), the Depositary shall not be responsible for, and shall incur no liability in connection
with or arising from, any act or omission to act on the part of the Custodian except to the extent that any Holder has incurred liability
directly as a result of the Custodian having (i)&nbsp;committed fraud or willful misconduct in the provision of custodial services to
the Depositary or (ii)&nbsp;failed to use reasonable care in the provision of custodial services to the Depositary as determined in accordance
with the standards prevailing in the jurisdiction in which the Custodian is located.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(c)&nbsp; The Depositary, its agents and the Company
may rely and shall be protected in acting upon any written notice, request, direction, instruction or document believed by them to be
genuine and to have been signed, presented or given by the proper party or parties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(d)&nbsp; The Depositary shall be under no obligation
to inform Holders or Beneficial Owners about the requirements of the laws, rules&nbsp;or regulations or any changes therein or thereto
of any country or jurisdiction or of any governmental or regulatory authority or any securities exchange or market or automated quotation
system.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(e)&nbsp; The Depositary and its agents will not
be responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote any of the Deposited Securities, for the manner in which any such
vote is cast, or for the effect of any such vote.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(f)&nbsp; The Depositary may rely upon instructions
from the Company or its counsel in respect of any approval or license required for any currency conversion, transfer or distribution.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(g)&nbsp; The Depositary and its agents may own and
deal in any class of securities of the Company and its affiliates and in ADRs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(h)&nbsp; Notwithstanding anything to the contrary
set forth in the Deposit Agreement or an ADR, the Depositary and its agents may fully respond to any and all demands or requests for information
maintained by or on its behalf in connection with the Deposit Agreement, any Holder or Holders, any ADR or ADRs or otherwise related hereto
or thereto to the extent such information is requested or required by or pursuant to any lawful authority, including without limitation
laws, rules, regulations, administrative or judicial process, banking, securities or other regulators.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp; None of the Depositary, the Custodian or
the Company shall be liable for the failure by any Holder or Beneficial Owner to obtain the benefits of credits or refunds of non-U.S.
tax paid against such Holder's or Beneficial Owner's income tax liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(j)&nbsp; The Depositary is under no obligation to
provide the Holders and Beneficial Owners, or any of them, with any information about the tax status of the Company. The Depositary and
the Company shall not incur any liability for any tax or tax consequences that may be incurred by Holders or Beneficial Owners on account
of their ownership or disposition of the ADRs or ADSs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(k)&nbsp; The Depositary shall not incur any liability
for the content of any information submitted to it by or on behalf of the Company for distribution to the Holders or for any inaccuracy
of any translation thereof, for any investment risk associated with acquiring an interest in the Deposited Securities, for the validity
or worth of the Deposited Securities, for the credit-worthiness of any third party, for allowing any rights to lapse upon the terms of
the Deposit Agreement or for the failure or timeliness of any notice from the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(l)&nbsp; Notwithstanding anything herein or in the
Deposit Agreement to the contrary, the Depositary and the Custodian(s)&nbsp;may use third party delivery services and providers of information
regarding matters such as pricing, proxy voting, corporate actions, class action litigation and other services in connection herewith
and the Deposit Agreement, and use local agents to provide services such as, but not limited to, attendance at any meetings of security
holders. Although the Depositary and the Custodian will use reasonable care (and cause their agents to use reasonable care) in the selection
and retention of such third party providers and local agents, they will not be responsible for any errors or omissions made by them in
providing the relevant information or services.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(m)&nbsp; The Depositary shall not be liable for
any acts or omissions made by a successor depositary whether in connection with a previous act or omission of the Depositary or in connection
with any matter arising wholly after the removal or resignation of the Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(n)&nbsp; By holding an ADS or an interest therein,
Holders and Beneficial Owners each irrevocably agree that any legal suit, action or proceeding against or involving the Company or the
Depositary, arising out of or based upon the Deposit Agreement, the ADSs or the transactions contemplated herein, therein or hereby, may
only be instituted in a state or federal court in New York, New York, and by holding an ADS or an interest therein each irrevocably waives
any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the exclusive
jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(o)&nbsp; The Company has agreed to indemnify the
Depositary and its agents under certain circumstances and the Depositary has agreed to indemnify the Company under certain circumstances.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(p)&nbsp; Neither the Company, the Depositary nor
any of their respective agents shall be liable to Holders or Beneficial Owners for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential damages
(including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses) or lost profits, in each case of any form incurred by any person or entity (including,
without limitation, Holders and Beneficial Owners), whether or not foreseeable and regardless of the type of action in which such a claim
may be brought.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(q)&nbsp; No provision of the Deposit Agreement or
this ADR is intended to constitute a waiver or limitation of any rights which Holders or Beneficial Owners may have under the Securities
Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, to the extent applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(15) <B>Resignation and Removal of Depositary;
the Custodian</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(a)&nbsp; <I>Resignation</I>. The Depositary may
resign as Depositary by written notice of its election so to do delivered to the Company, such resignation to take effect&nbsp;upon the
appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as provided in the Deposit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(b)&nbsp; <I>Removal</I>. The Depositary may at any
time be removed by the Company by no less than 60 days' prior written notice of such removal, to become effective upon the later of (i)&nbsp;the
60th day after delivery of the notice to the Depositary and (ii)&nbsp;the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of
such appointment as provided in the Deposit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(c)&nbsp; <I>The Custodian</I>. The Depositary may
appoint substitute or additional Custodians and the term &quot;<B>Custodian</B>&quot; refers to each Custodian or all Custodians as the
context requires.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(16) <B>Amendment</B>. Subject to the last sentence
of paragraph (2)&nbsp;(<I>Withdrawal of Deposited Securities</I>), the ADRs and the Deposit Agreement may be amended by the Company and
the Depositary, <U>provided</U> that any amendment that imposes or increases any fees or charges on a per ADS basis (other than stock
transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges, transfer or registration fees, a transaction fee per cancellation request (including
through SWIFT, telex or facsimile transmission), applicable delivery expenses or other such fees, charges or expenses), or that shall
otherwise prejudice any substantial existing right of Holders or Beneficial Owners, shall become effective 30 days after notice of such
amendment shall have been given to the Holders. Every Holder and Beneficial Owner at the time any amendment to the Deposit Agreement so
becomes effective shall be deemed, by continuing to hold such ADR, to consent and agree to such amendment and to be bound by the Deposit
Agreement as amended thereby. In no event shall any amendment impair the right of the Holder of any ADR to surrender such ADR and receive
the Deposited Securities represented thereby, except in order to comply with mandatory provisions of applicable law. Any amendments or
supplements which (i)&nbsp;are reasonably necessary (as agreed by the Company and the Depositary) in order for (a)&nbsp;the ADSs to be
registered on Form&nbsp;F-6 under the Securities Act of 1933 or (b)&nbsp;the ADSs or Shares to be traded solely in electronic book-entry
form and (ii)&nbsp;do not in either such case impose or increase any fees or charges to be borne by Holders, shall be deemed not to prejudice
any substantial rights of Holders or Beneficial Owners. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any governmental body or regulatory body should
adopt new laws, rules&nbsp;or regulations which would require amendment or supplement of the Deposit Agreement or the form of ADR to ensure
compliance therewith, the Company and the Depositary may amend or supplement the Deposit Agreement and the ADR at any time in accordance
with such changed laws, rules&nbsp;or regulations. Such amendment or supplement to the Deposit Agreement in such circumstances may become
effective before a notice of such amendment or supplement is given to Holders or within any other period of time as required for compliance.
Notice of any amendment to the Deposit Agreement or form of ADRs shall not need to describe in detail the specific amendments effectuated
thereby, and failure to describe the specific amendments in any such notice shall not render such notice invalid, provided, however, that,
in each such case, the notice given to the Holders identifies a means for Holders and Beneficial Owners to retrieve or receive the text
of such amendment (<I>i.e.</I>, upon retrieval from the Commission's, the Depositary's or the Company's website or upon request from the
Depositary).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(17) <B>Termination</B>. The Depositary may, and
shall at the written direction of the Company, terminate the Deposit Agreement and this ADR by mailing notice of such termination to the
Holders at least 30 days prior to the date fixed in such notice for such termination; provided, however, if the Depositary shall have
(i)&nbsp;resigned as Depositary hereunder, notice of such termination by the Depositary shall not be provided to Holders unless a successor
depositary shall not be operating hereunder within 60 days of the date of such resignation, or (ii)&nbsp;been removed as Depositary hereunder,
notice of such termination by the Depositary shall not be provided to Holders unless a successor depositary shall not be operating hereunder
on the 60th day after the Company's notice of removal was first provided to the Depositary. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein,
the Depositary may terminate the Deposit Agreement without notice to the Company, but subject to giving 30 days&rsquo; notice to the Holders,
under the following circumstances: (i)&nbsp;in the event of the Company&rsquo;s bankruptcy or insolvency, (ii)&nbsp;if the Shares cease
to be listed on an internationally recognized stock exchange, (iii)&nbsp;if the Company effects (or will effect) a redemption of all or
substantially all of the Deposited Securities, or a cash or share distribution representing a return of all or substantially all of the
value of the Deposited Securities, or (iv)&nbsp;there occurs a merger, consolidation, sale of assets or other transaction as a result
of which securities or other property are delivered in exchange for or in lieu of Deposited Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11; Value: 11 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">A-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->21<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">After the date so fixed for termination, the Depositary
and its agents will perform no further acts under the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, except to receive and hold (or sell) distributions
on Deposited Securities and deliver Deposited Securities being withdrawn. As soon as practicable after the date so fixed for termination,
the Depositary shall use its reasonable efforts to sell the Deposited Securities and shall thereafter (as long as it may lawfully do so)
hold in an account (which may be a segregated or unsegregated account) the net proceeds of such sales, together with any other cash then
held by it under the Deposit Agreement, without liability for interest, in trust for the <U>pro</U> <U>rata</U> benefit of the Holders of ADRs
not theretofore surrendered. After making such sale, the Depositary shall be discharged from all obligations in respect of the Deposit
Agreement and this ADR, except to account for such net proceeds and other cash. After the date so fixed for termination, the Company shall
be discharged from all obligations under the Deposit Agreement except for its obligations to the Depositary and its agents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(18) <B>Appointment; Acknowledgements and Agreements</B>.
Each Holder and each Beneficial Owner, upon acceptance of any ADSs or ADRs (or any interest in any of them) issued in accordance with
the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement shall be deemed for all purposes to (a)&nbsp;be a party to and bound by the terms of
the Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s), (b)&nbsp;appoint the Depositary its attorney-in-fact, with full power to delegate, to
act on its behalf and to take any and all actions contemplated in the Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s), to adopt any and all
procedures necessary to comply with applicable law and to take such action as the Depositary in its sole discretion may deem necessary
or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s), the taking of such actions to be the conclusive
determinant of the necessity and appropriateness thereof, and (c)&nbsp;acknowledge and agree that (i)&nbsp;nothing in the Deposit Agreement
or any ADR shall give rise to a partnership or joint venture among the parties thereto nor establish a fiduciary or similar relationship
among such parties, (ii)&nbsp;the Depositary, its divisions, branches and affiliates, and their respective agents, may from time to time
be in the possession of non-public information about the Company, Holders, Beneficial Owners and/or their respective affiliates, (iii)&nbsp;the
Depositary and its divisions, branches and affiliates may at any time have multiple banking relationships with the Company, Holders, Beneficial
Owners and/or the affiliates of any of them, (iv)&nbsp;the Depositary and its divisions, branches and affiliates may, from time to time,
be engaged in transactions in which parties adverse to the Company or the Holders or Beneficial Owners may have interests, (v)&nbsp;nothing
contained in the Deposit Agreement or any ADR(s)&nbsp;shall (A)&nbsp;preclude the Depositary or any of its divisions, branches or affiliates
from engaging in such transactions or establishing or maintaining such relationships, or (B)&nbsp;obligate the Depositary or any of its
divisions, branches or affiliates to disclose such transactions or relationships or to account for any profit made or payment received
in such transactions or relationships, (vi)&nbsp;the Depositary shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any information held by any branch,
division or affiliate of the Depositary and (vii)&nbsp;notice to a Holder shall be deemed, for all purposes of the Deposit Agreement and
this ADR, to constitute notice to any and all Beneficial Owners of the ADSs evidenced by such Holder&rsquo;s ADRs. For all purposes under
the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, the Holder hereof shall be deemed to have all requisite authority to act on behalf of any and all
Beneficial Owners of the ADSs evidenced by this ADR.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm2227652d1_exaimg001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(19) <B>Waiver</B>. EACH PARTY TO THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT
(INCLUDING, FOR AVOIDANCE OF DOUBT, EACH HOLDER AND BENEFICIAL OWNER OF, AND/OR HOLDER OF INTERESTS IN, ADSS OR ADRS) HEREBY IRREVOCABLY
WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY&nbsp;HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING
AGAINST THE DEPOSITARY AND/OR THE COMPANY DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, BASED ON OR RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THE SHARES OR OTHER
DEPOSITED SECURITIES, THE ADSs OR THE ADRs, THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREIN OR THEREIN, OR THE BREACH HEREOF
OR THEREOF (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, COMMON LAW OR ANY OTHER THEORY),&nbsp;INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY SUIT, ACTION, CLAIM
OR PROCEEDING UNDER THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS. No provision of the Deposit Agreement or this ADR is intended to constitute
a waiver or limitation of any rights which a Holder or any Beneficial Owner may have under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, to the extent applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(20) <B>Elective Distributions in Cash or Shares</B>.
Whenever the Company intends to distribute a dividend payable at the election of the holders of Shares in cash or in additional Shares,
the Company shall give notice thereof to the Depositary at least 30 days prior to the proposed distribution stating whether or not it
wishes such elective distribution to be made available to Holders. Upon receipt of notice indicating that the Company wishes such elective
distribution to be made available to Holders, the Depositary shall consult with the Company to determine, and the Company shall assist
the Depositary in its determination, whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to make such elective distribution available to the
Holders. The Depositary shall make such elective distribution available to Holders only if (i)&nbsp;the Company shall have timely requested
that the elective distribution is available to Holders, (ii)&nbsp;the Depositary shall have determined that such distribution is reasonably
practicable and (iii)&nbsp;the Depositary shall have received satisfactory documentation within the terms of Section&nbsp;14 of the Deposit
Agreement including, without limitation, any legal opinions of counsel in any applicable jurisdiction that the Depositary in its reasonable
discretion may request, at the expense of the Company. If the above conditions are not satisfied, the Depositary shall, to the extent
permitted by law, distribute to the Holders, on the basis of the same determination as is made in the local market in respect of the Shares
for which no election is made, either (x)&nbsp;cash or (y)&nbsp;additional ADSs representing such additional Shares. If the above conditions
are satisfied, the Depositary shall establish a record date and establish procedures to enable Holders to elect the receipt of the proposed
dividend in cash or in additional ADSs. The Company shall assist the Depositary in establishing such procedures to the extent necessary.
Nothing herein shall obligate the Depositary to make available to Holders a method to receive the elective dividend in Shares (rather
than ADSs). There can be no assurance that Holders or Beneficial Owners generally, or any Holder and/or Beneficial Owner in particular,
will be given the opportunity to receive elective distributions on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
